International Journal of MCH and AIDS最新文献

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COVID 19: Evaluating the Knowledge, Attitude and Preventive Practices of Healthcare Workers in Northern Nigeria. COVID - 19:评估尼日利亚北部医护人员的知识、态度和预防措施
International Journal of MCH and AIDS Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-02-19 DOI: 10.21106/ijma.418
Fatimah Isma'il Tsiga-Ahmed, Taiwo Gboluwaga Amole, Baba Maiyaki Musa, Aishatu Muhammad Nalado, Omeiza Baba Agoyi, Hadiza Shehu Galadanci, Hamisu M Salihu
{"title":"COVID 19: Evaluating the Knowledge, Attitude and Preventive Practices of Healthcare Workers in Northern Nigeria.","authors":"Fatimah Isma'il Tsiga-Ahmed,&nbsp;Taiwo Gboluwaga Amole,&nbsp;Baba Maiyaki Musa,&nbsp;Aishatu Muhammad Nalado,&nbsp;Omeiza Baba Agoyi,&nbsp;Hadiza Shehu Galadanci,&nbsp;Hamisu M Salihu","doi":"10.21106/ijma.418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21106/ijma.418","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although much is known about the rapidly spreading COVID-19 disease, a lot of knowledge is still evolving. The knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of healthcare workers (HCWs) towards COVID-19 remain key in protecting themselves and in fighting the \"war\" against the disease. This study assessed the KAP of HCWs in Kano, northern Nigeria.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A cross-section of different cadre of healthcare workers was recruited online via google forms. Using a link, the participants completed an adapted from a similar study, pre-tested questionnaire on KAP regarding COVID-19. Predictors of KAP were assessed using logistic regression modelling.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 651 HCWs invited to participate, 233 respondents responded giving a response rate of 35.8%. Of these, 195 (83.7%) had good knowledge, 183 (78.9%) had a positive attitude and 180 (77.6%) had good practice towards prevention of COVID-19. The odds of having good knowledge were significantly lower among Community Health Officers/Community Health Extension workers (aOR=0.2, 95% CI: 0.1-0.6;<i>p</i><0.001) and other health workers compared to doctors. Positive attitude was predicted by good knowledge (aOR=4.8, 95% CI:1.7-010.2;<i>p</i>=0.003), being in the fifth decade of life (aOR=5.5, 95% CI: 1.1-29.3, <i>p</i>=0.04), female gender (aOR=3.0, 95% CI: 1.1-8.3;<i>p=</i>0.04<i>)</i>, Christian faith (aOR=7.0, 95% CI: 1.3-40.4; <i>p=</i>0.03<i>)</i>, and having a bachelors' or medical degree (aOR=4.6, 95% CI: 1.3-16.5).The only predictor of good practice was good knowledge on COVID-19 (aOR=7.8, 95% CI 2.8-12.4;<i>p</i><0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion and global health implications: </strong>Majority of the HCWs at the study site have good knowledge, attitude and practice regarding COVID-19. Continuous dissemination of information on prevention of spread of COVID-19 to all HCWs will strengthen the health workforce in the fight against it.</p>","PeriodicalId":30480,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of MCH and AIDS","volume":"10 1","pages":"88-97"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/2f/fa/IJMA-10-88.PMC7905433.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25428030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 19
Marked Disparities in Life Expectancy by Education, Poverty Level, Occupation, and Housing Tenure in the United States, 1997-2014. 1997-2014年美国受教育程度、贫困程度、职业和住房保有情况对预期寿命的显著差异
International Journal of MCH and AIDS Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2020-12-30 DOI: 10.21106/ijma.402
Gopal K Singh, Hyunjung Lee
{"title":"Marked Disparities in Life Expectancy by Education, Poverty Level, Occupation, and Housing Tenure in the United States, 1997-2014.","authors":"Gopal K Singh,&nbsp;Hyunjung Lee","doi":"10.21106/ijma.402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21106/ijma.402","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Socioeconomic disparities in life expectancy in the United States (US) are marked and have widened over time. However, there is limited research using individual-level socioeconomic variables as such information is generally lacking or unreliable in vital records used for life table construction. Using longitudinal cohort data, we computed life expectancy for US adults by social determinants such as education, income/poverty level, occupation, and housing tenure.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed the 1997-2014 National Health Interview Survey prospectively linked to mortality records in the National Death Index (N=1,146,271). Standard life table methodologies were used to compute life expectancy and other life table functions at various ages according to socioeconomic variables stratified by sex and race/ethnicity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Adults with at least a Master's degree had 14.7 years higher life expectancy at age 18 than those with less than a high school education and 8.3 years higher life expectancy than those with a high school education. Poverty was inversely related to life expectancy. Individuals living in poverty had 10.5 years lower life expectancy at age 18 than those with incomes ≥400% of the poverty threshold. Laborers and those employed in craft and repair occupations had, respectively, 10.9 years and 8.6 years lower life expectancy at age 18 than those with professional and managerial occupations. Male and female renters had, respectively, 4.0 years and 4.6 years lower life expectancy at age 18 than homeowners. Women in the most advantaged socioeconomic group outlived men in the most disadvantaged group by 23.5 years at age 18.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and global health implications: </strong>Marked socioeconomic gradients in US life expectancy were found across all sex and racial/ethnic groups. Adults with lower education, higher poverty levels, in manual occupations, and with rental housing had substantially lower life expectancy compared to their counterparts with higher socioeconomic position.</p>","PeriodicalId":30480,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of MCH and AIDS","volume":"10 1","pages":"7-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/45/72/IJMA-10-7.PMC7792745.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38819884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 18
Fourth Annual Summer Research Summit on Health Equity Organized by the Center of Excellence in Health Equity, Training and Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA on May 20, 2021. 贝勒医学院健康公平、培训和研究卓越中心于2021年5月20日组织的第四届年度健康公平夏季研究峰会,美国德克萨斯州休斯顿77030。
International Journal of MCH and AIDS Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-10-20 DOI: 10.21106/ijma.532
Deepa Dongarwar, Toi B Harris, Hamisu M Salihu
{"title":"Fourth Annual Summer Research Summit on Health Equity Organized by the Center of Excellence in Health Equity, Training and Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA on May 20, 2021.","authors":"Deepa Dongarwar,&nbsp;Toi B Harris,&nbsp;Hamisu M Salihu","doi":"10.21106/ijma.532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21106/ijma.532","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b></b> Strengthening Our Commitment to Racial and Social Justice to Improve Public Health The fourth annual summer research summit organized by the Center of Excellence (COE) in Health Equity, Training and Research, Baylor College of Medicine (BCM) was held on May 20, 2021. The theme of this year's summit was 'Strengthening Our Commitment to Racial and Social Justice to Improve Public Health.' Given the ongoing pandemic, the summit was conducted virtually through digital platforms. This program was intended for both BCM and external audiences interested in advancing health equity, diversity and inclusion in healthcare among healthcare providers and trainees, biomedical scientists, social workers, nurses, individuals involved in talent acquisition and development such as hiring managers (HR professionals), supervisors, college and hospital affiliate leadership and administrators, as well as diversity and inclusion excellence practitioners. We had attendees from all regions of the United States, India, Pakistan and the Demographic Republic of the Congo. The content in this Book of Abstracts encapsulates a summary of the research efforts by the BCM COE scholars (which includes post-baccalaureate students, medical students, clinical fellows and junior faculty from BCM) as well as the external summit participants. The range of topics in this year's summit was quite diverse encompassing disparities in relation to maternal and child health (MCH), immigrant heath, cancers, vaccination uptakes and COVID-19 infections. Various solutions were ardently presented to address these disparities including community engagement and partnerships, improvement in health literacy and development of novel technologies and therapeutics. With this summit, BCM continues to build on its long history of educational outreach initiatives to promote diversity in medicine by focusing on programs aimed at increasing the number of diverse and highly qualified medical professionals ready to introduce effective and innovative approaches to reduce or eliminate health disparities. These programs will improve information resources, clinical education, curricula, research and cultural competence as they relate to minority health issues and social determinants of health. The summit received very positive response in terms of zealous participation and outstanding evaluations; and overall, it was a great success. <i>Copyright © 2021 Dongarwar et al. Published by Global Health and Education Projects, Inc. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY 4.0</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":30480,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of MCH and AIDS","volume":"10 Suppl 3","pages":"S1-S54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/6d/da/IJMA-10-3.PMC8604102.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39843653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Child Development Monitoring in Well-baby Clinics in Kenya. 肯尼亚健康婴儿诊所的儿童发展监测。
International Journal of MCH and AIDS Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-05-07 DOI: 10.21106/ijma.473
Eren Oyungu, Anna Roose, Ananda R Ombitsa, Rachel C Vreeman, Megan S McHenry
{"title":"Child Development Monitoring in Well-baby Clinics in Kenya.","authors":"Eren Oyungu,&nbsp;Anna Roose,&nbsp;Ananda R Ombitsa,&nbsp;Rachel C Vreeman,&nbsp;Megan S McHenry","doi":"10.21106/ijma.473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21106/ijma.473","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Maternal and child health (MCH) clinics represent an integrated approach for providing healthcare to pregnant women and children 0-59 months of age. Although MCH clinics are also charged with monitoring child development, which involves tracking developmental milestones, it is unclear how these services are provided or perceived within the clinic. This study aimed to describe self-reported knowledge, perceptions, and practice of developmental monitoring in selected MCH clinics in western Kenya.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted within six clinics. We administered a descriptive survey to measure caregiver and healthcare staff attitudes towards and awareness of developmental monitoring; we also reviewed MCH booklets to identify services received at the clinic. Data collection occurred over a period of one day at each of the six clinic sites. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the study period, 78 caregiver-child pairs presented to the clinics and had their MCH booklets reviewed. The median child age was three months (interquartile range [IQR]: 1-8 months). Most caregivers were aware of weight monitoring and immunization services; however, when asked specifically about developmental monitoring, only 2.6% of caregivers were aware this service was available at the clinics. Nearly 80% of caregivers reported that they would be very interested in developmental monitoring services. Thirty-three MCH healthcare staff were interviewed about services provided and goals of clinical care. Fewer healthcare staff (60.6%) identified their roles in developmental monitoring compared to their roles in growth (90.9%) and nutritional monitoring (84.8%). Developmental milestones had not been recorded in any of the 78 MCH booklets. However, 78.1% of healthcare staff indicated support for developmental screening.</p><p><strong>Conclusion and global health implications: </strong>While developmental monitoring was valued by healthcare providers, it was not consistently performed at the six clinics in our study. We recommend further work to raise awareness about developmental monitoring and to measure the implications of increased caregiver knowledge and perceptions on developmental monitoring practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":30480,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of MCH and AIDS","volume":"10 1","pages":"128-133"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/f6/48/IJMA-10-128.PMC8130212.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39011063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Trends and Risk Factors for Leishmaniasis among Reproductive Aged Women in the United States. 美国育龄妇女利什曼病的趋势和危险因素。
International Journal of MCH and AIDS Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-07-31 DOI: 10.21106/ijma.478
Chioma A Ikedionwu, Deepa Dongarwar, Courtney Williams, Evelyn Odeh, Maylis Peguy Nkeng Peh, Hilliary Hooker, Stacey Wiseman, Tramauni Brock, Erinn Payne-Green, Chidinma Chukwudum, Grace Loudd, Andrea Shelton, Jonnae O Atkinson, Kiara K Spooner, Jason L Salemi, Hamisu M Salihu, Omonike A Olaleye
{"title":"Trends and Risk Factors for Leishmaniasis among Reproductive Aged Women in the United States.","authors":"Chioma A Ikedionwu,&nbsp;Deepa Dongarwar,&nbsp;Courtney Williams,&nbsp;Evelyn Odeh,&nbsp;Maylis Peguy Nkeng Peh,&nbsp;Hilliary Hooker,&nbsp;Stacey Wiseman,&nbsp;Tramauni Brock,&nbsp;Erinn Payne-Green,&nbsp;Chidinma Chukwudum,&nbsp;Grace Loudd,&nbsp;Andrea Shelton,&nbsp;Jonnae O Atkinson,&nbsp;Kiara K Spooner,&nbsp;Jason L Salemi,&nbsp;Hamisu M Salihu,&nbsp;Omonike A Olaleye","doi":"10.21106/ijma.478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21106/ijma.478","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Leishmaniasis, a neglected tropical disease, is endemic in several regions globally, but commonly regarded as a disease of travelers in the United States (US). The literature on leishmaniasis among hospitalized women in the US is very limited. The aim of this study was to explore trends and risk factors for leishmaniasis among hospitalized women of reproductive age within the US.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed hospital admissions data from the 2002-2017 Nationwide Inpatient Sample among women aged 15-49 years. We conducted descriptive statistics and bivariate analyses for factors associated with leishmaniasis. Utilizing logistic regression, we assessed the association between sociodemographic and hospital characteristics with leishmaniasis disease among hospitalized women of reproductive age in the US. Joinpoint regression was used to examine trends over time.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We analyzed 131,529,239 hospitalizations; among these, 207 cases of leishmaniasis hospitalizations were identified, equivalent to an overall prevalence of 1.57 cases per million during the study period. The prevalence of leishmaniasis was greatest among older women of reproductive age (35-49 years), Hispanics, those with Medicare, and inpatient stay in large teaching hospitals in the Northeast of the US. Hispanic women experienced a statistically significant increased odds of leishmaniasis diagnosis (OR, 1.80; 95% CI, 1.19-4.06), compared to Non-Hispanic (NH) White women. Medicaid and Private Insurance appeared to serve as a protective factor in both unadjusted and adjusted models. We did not observe a statistically significant change in leishmaniasis rates over the study period.</p><p><strong>Conclusion and global health implications: </strong>Although the prevalence of leishmaniasis among women of reproductive age appears to be low in the US, some risk remains. Thus, appropriate educational, public health and policy initiatives are needed to increase clinical awareness and timely diagnosis/treatment of the disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":30480,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of MCH and AIDS","volume":"10 2","pages":"166-173"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/9f/10/IJMA-10-166.PMC8346677.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39305845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Third Annual Summer Research Summit on Health Equity Organized by the Center of Excellence in Health Equity, Training and Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA on June 9, 2020. 2020年6月9日,美国贝勒医学院健康公平、培训与研究卓越中心主办的第三届健康公平夏季研究峰会,美国德克萨斯州休斯顿77030。
International Journal of MCH and AIDS Pub Date : 2020-01-01 Epub Date: 2020-10-06 DOI: 10.21106/ijma.431
Hamisu M Salihu, Deepa Dongarwar, Toi B Harris
{"title":"Third Annual Summer Research Summit on Health Equity Organized by the Center of Excellence in Health Equity, Training and Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA on June 9, 2020.","authors":"Hamisu M Salihu,&nbsp;Deepa Dongarwar,&nbsp;Toi B Harris","doi":"10.21106/ijma.431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21106/ijma.431","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This year's summit was unique given the COVID-19 pandemic: a major global outbreak that has imposed severe restrictions in all aspects of our life. At the outset, we were faced with three mutually exclusive options. First option was to cancel the summit in its entirety: this was the easiest and most obvious choice once the COVID-19 pandemic forced a near total lockdown all over the country with unprecedented disruptions of normal daily activities as the disease announced its thunderous touchdown on United States (US) soil. It was also the most-logical response faced with uncertainty regarding summit logistics and expected poor attendance due to the raging pandemic. Second option was to conduct a digital summit restricted to local audiences at Baylor College of Medicine: this option entailed implementing a virtual summit with attendance restricted to participants from our institution only. It sounded like a reasonable choice but that would impede the presence of diversity of topics, perspectives, insights and experiential learning opportunities, which are what render the summit exciting and worth attending. And finally, the last option was to conduct a digital unrestricted summit open to all interested audiences throughout the US. The conduct of a virtual summit open to all participants from around the country was initially considered daunting given the likelihood of amplified technical problems associated with an array of internet access differentials around the country, which would require a strong Information Technology (IT) presence throughout the sessions. Nonetheless, the attractiveness of going national with a virtual summit, despite the pandemic and logistical challenges, slowly gained converts and became the dominant choice. The response and level of participation in this first virtual summit showed an unanticipated surge despite the increase in registration fees to cover IT costs. This year, we had attendees from all regions of the US as well as from the United Kingdom. The range of topics was quite diverse encompassing health disparities in relation to cancers, nutrition, musculo-skeletal disorders, amputation rates, vaccination uptakes and COVID-19 infections. Various solutions were passionately presented to address these disparities including novel health technologies, community engagement and partnerships, improvement in health literacy and alternative therapeutics. There were no hitches despite the complex breakout sessions, and above all, attendees were satisfied and offered outstanding evaluation scores. This was definitely a summit that metamorphosed from pessimism to a triumphant success! <i>Copyright © 2020 Salihu et al. Published by Global Health and Education Projects, Inc. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in this journ","PeriodicalId":30480,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of MCH and AIDS","volume":"9 Suppl 3","pages":"S1-S45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/e3/48/IJMA-9-3.PMC7849356.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25323167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
HIV Serodiscordance among Couples in Cameroon: Effects on Sexual and Reproductive Health. 喀麦隆夫妇之间的艾滋病毒血清不一致:对性健康和生殖健康的影响。
International Journal of MCH and AIDS Pub Date : 2020-01-01 Epub Date: 2020-08-05 DOI: 10.21106/ijma.370
Constantin Tchakounté, Céline N Nkenfou, Thibau F Tchouangueu, Nicole M Ngoufack, Salomon B Tchuandom, Olivier D Ngono, Jules-Rogers Kuiate, Alexis Ndjolo
{"title":"HIV Serodiscordance among Couples in Cameroon: Effects on Sexual and Reproductive Health.","authors":"Constantin Tchakounté,&nbsp;Céline N Nkenfou,&nbsp;Thibau F Tchouangueu,&nbsp;Nicole M Ngoufack,&nbsp;Salomon B Tchuandom,&nbsp;Olivier D Ngono,&nbsp;Jules-Rogers Kuiate,&nbsp;Alexis Ndjolo","doi":"10.21106/ijma.370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21106/ijma.370","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>One of the main reasons for risky sexual behavior observed in HIV serodiscordant couples despite the knowledge of the partner's status and counselling is childbearing. In Cameroon, there are few reports on HIV serodiscordant couples. This paper describes the influence of HIV on sexual relationships and decision to procreate.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study was conducted in five health centers. Self-administered questionnaire was used to collect social and demographic information, while semi-structured in-depth individual and couple interviews were used to explore sexual relationships and decisions about fatherhood/motherhood. Blood samples were collected from the couples and tested for HIV to confirm serodiscordance. The data were analyzed using the GraphPad Prism Version 6 software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 53/192 (27.6%) HIV serodiscordant couples participated in the study, and 18/74 (24.32%) HIV positive seroconcordant couples and 32/80 HIV negative seroconcordant couples were used as controls. The majority of HIV-positive partners in serodiscordant couples were women (30/53), of whom 25/30 were on antiretroviral therapy. Nearly half of the respondents (23 /53) reported tensions related to serodiscordance, shown by reduced sex frequency. The use of condoms was not systematically observed among seroconcordant and serodiscordant couples with respective proportions of 55.55% and 20.75% (p = 0.0086). Thirty seven out of 53 HIV serodiscordant couples wanted children, among them, seven couples did not have any and expressed their aspiration for parenthood despite fear of infecting one's partner.</p><p><strong>Conclusion and global health implications: </strong>Sexuality of serodiscordant couples as well as of HIV positive seroconcordant couples was affected by the presence of HIV/AIDS. The desire to procreate may lead couples to adopt risky sexual behaviors. It is important to define specific guidelines for serodiscordant couples in order to improve their sexual life and consequently enable them to procreate with minimal risk of infecting their partner and or to transmit the virus to their baby.</p>","PeriodicalId":30480,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of MCH and AIDS","volume":"9 3","pages":"330-336"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/d5/e5/IJMA-9-330.PMC7422521.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38279485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Dietary Micronutrients and Gender, Body Mass Index and Viral Suppression Among HIV-Infected Patients in Kampala, Uganda. 乌干达坎帕拉艾滋病毒感染者的膳食微量营养素与性别、体重指数和病毒抑制
International Journal of MCH and AIDS Pub Date : 2020-01-01 Epub Date: 2020-08-13 DOI: 10.21106/ijma.362
Nathan Isabirye, Amara E Ezeamama, Rachel Kyeyune-Bakyayita, Danstan Bagenda, Wafaie W Fawzi, David Guwatudde
{"title":"Dietary Micronutrients and Gender, Body Mass Index and Viral Suppression Among HIV-Infected Patients in Kampala, Uganda.","authors":"Nathan Isabirye,&nbsp;Amara E Ezeamama,&nbsp;Rachel Kyeyune-Bakyayita,&nbsp;Danstan Bagenda,&nbsp;Wafaie W Fawzi,&nbsp;David Guwatudde","doi":"10.21106/ijma.362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21106/ijma.362","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>HIV/AIDS is a hallmark of immune suppression. Micronutrient deficiencies in diet and recurrent opportunistic infections play major roles in the lives of people living with HIV. Although benefits of providing adequate diet to HIV positive persons are well documented, the demand for key elements still remain unclear in particular settings, especially in low and middle-income countries.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a cross sectional analysis of baseline data collected from HIV-infected adults initiating antiretroviral therapy, and who were enrolled in a multivitamin supplementation trial. A food frequency questionnaire was used and intake were obtained as a product of quantities consumed. Adequacy was calculated as the proportion of Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA). A chi square test and logistic regression analysis were used at p-value 0.05 to show significant associations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean intakes were above minimum requirements for analyzed micronutrients with the exception of Calcium and Iron. Participants who met RDA intakes were as follows: highest (≥ 80%) for Magnesium, Selenium, Zinc and Vitamins B2, B6, B9, C and E; moderate (50% to <80%) for Vitamins B3, and A; and lowest (≤50%) for Iron (30%), Calcium (14.9%), Vitamins B12 and B1. Gender differences in met RDA were observed for Iron, Selenium, Zinc, Vitamins A, B1, B3 and E. In multivariable analyses, nutritional status and CD4 count had no influence on meeting RDA for majority of micronutrients such as magnesium, Selenium, B class vitamins (B1, B2, B3, B6, B9, B12), vitamin (A, C, and E), Zinc and Calcium, but not including iron.</p><p><strong>Conclusion and global health implications: </strong>Diets consumed by the study participants were low in most protective nutrients (Iron, Calcium, Zinc, Vitamin A, B1, B3, and B12). This deficiency was more common among females than males, and irrespective of BMI or CD 4 count. Findings warrant further investigation on the impact and cost implications for suplementation interventions that target the elements lacking in the diets of people living with HIV in similar low-resourced settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":30480,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of MCH and AIDS","volume":"9 3","pages":"337-349"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/f8/a3/IJMA-9-337.PMC7433296.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38294974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
A Surveillance System for the Maternal and Child Health (MCH) Population During the COVID-19 Pandemic. COVID-19大流行期间妇幼保健(MCH)人口监测系统
International Journal of MCH and AIDS Pub Date : 2020-01-01 Epub Date: 2020-08-09 DOI: 10.21106/ijma.411
Veronica B Ajewole, Ahone E Ngujede, Emmanuella Oduguwa, Deepa Dongarwar, Manvir Kaur, Cecelia Knight, Maresha Jackson, Uyen Nguyen, Tasha Roshan, Jordan Simpson, Igor Vouffo, Omonike A Olaleye, Hamisu M Salihu
{"title":"A Surveillance System for the Maternal and Child Health (MCH) Population During the COVID-19 Pandemic.","authors":"Veronica B Ajewole,&nbsp;Ahone E Ngujede,&nbsp;Emmanuella Oduguwa,&nbsp;Deepa Dongarwar,&nbsp;Manvir Kaur,&nbsp;Cecelia Knight,&nbsp;Maresha Jackson,&nbsp;Uyen Nguyen,&nbsp;Tasha Roshan,&nbsp;Jordan Simpson,&nbsp;Igor Vouffo,&nbsp;Omonike A Olaleye,&nbsp;Hamisu M Salihu","doi":"10.21106/ijma.411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21106/ijma.411","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and its ensuing mitigation measures have negatively affected the Maternal and Child Health (MCH) population. There is currently no surveillance system established to enhance our understanding of SARS-CoV-2 transmission to guide policy decision making to protect the MCH population in this pandemic. Based on reports of community and household spread of this novel infection, we present an approach to a robust family-centered surveillance system for the MCH population. The surveillance system encapsulates data at the individual and community levels to inform stakeholders, policy makers, health officials and the general public about SARS-CoV-2 transmission dynamics within the MCH population.</p>","PeriodicalId":30480,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of MCH and AIDS","volume":"9 3","pages":"350-353"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/11/0a/IJMA-9-350.PMC7433297.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38294975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Maternal Caffeine Consumption and Racial Disparities in Fetal Telomere Length. 母体咖啡因摄入与胎儿端粒长度的种族差异。
International Journal of MCH and AIDS Pub Date : 2020-01-01 Epub Date: 2019-12-30 DOI: 10.21106/ijma.290
Isabel Griffin, Boubakari Ibrahimou, Natasha Navejar, Anjali Aggarwal, Kristopher Myers, Daniel Mauck, Korede K Yusuf, Usman J Wudil, Muktar H Aliyu, Hamisu M Salihu
{"title":"Maternal Caffeine Consumption and Racial Disparities in Fetal Telomere Length.","authors":"Isabel Griffin,&nbsp;Boubakari Ibrahimou,&nbsp;Natasha Navejar,&nbsp;Anjali Aggarwal,&nbsp;Kristopher Myers,&nbsp;Daniel Mauck,&nbsp;Korede K Yusuf,&nbsp;Usman J Wudil,&nbsp;Muktar H Aliyu,&nbsp;Hamisu M Salihu","doi":"10.21106/ijma.290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21106/ijma.290","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>The identification of risk factors for shorter telomere length, especially during fetal development, would be important towards caffeine consumption recommendations for pregnant women on a global scale. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between caffeine intake and fetal telomere length as well as racial/ethnic differences in telomere length regardless of maternal caffeine consumption status.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Caffeine intake was measured using a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Three generalized linear models (GLM) were compared based on binary categorical variables of caffeine levels using data mean value of 117.3 mg as cut-off; the World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations of 300 mg; and the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) recommendations of 200 mg. The association between caffeine consumption and telomere length (telomere to single-copy [T/S] ratio) was then assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 57 maternal-fetal dyads, 77.2% reported less than 200 mg of caffeine (ACOG) and 89.5% less than 300 mg (WHO). Both WHO and ACOG models found that caffeine intake was significantly and positively associated with longer telomere length (p<0.05); and sodium (p<0.05). Other\" race (p<0.001) and \"white\" race (p<0.001) were also significantly and positively associated with longer telomere length in the same models. Increasing maternal age shortened telomere length significantly in all models (p<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion and global health implications: </strong>Caffeine intake, maternal age, and race may be associated with alterations in fetal telomere length. This indicates that caffeine consumption during pregnancy may have long-term implications for fetal development. The racial/ethnic differences in telomere length found in this study warrant larger studies to further confirm these associations.</p>","PeriodicalId":30480,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of MCH and AIDS","volume":"9 1","pages":"14-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/05/ba/IJMA-9-14.PMC7031881.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37698124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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