Asia Pacific Journal of Medical Toxicology最新文献_第10页

Types of Poisoning Agents Used in Patients Admitted to Medical Department of Holy Family Hospital, Rawalpindi (Pakistan) from 2011 to 2015 2011年至2015年巴基斯坦拉瓦尔品第圣家医院内科住院患者使用的中毒剂类型

Asia Pacific Journal of Medical Toxicology Pub Date : 2017-06-01 DOI: 10.22038/APJMT.2017.8950

Abuzar Durrani, O. Shahid, A. Sabir, M. Faisal

{"title":"Types of Poisoning Agents Used in Patients Admitted to Medical Department of Holy Family Hospital, Rawalpindi (Pakistan) from 2011 to 2015","authors":"Abuzar Durrani, O. Shahid, A. Sabir, M. Faisal","doi":"10.22038/APJMT.2017.8950","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22038/APJMT.2017.8950","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The choice of poisoning agent depends on a number of factors like the geographic area, socioeconomic status, educational status and easy availability of a specific kind of poison. Thereby, the sound knowledge of the type and clinical picture of the poison is very important for its proper diagnosis and prompt treatment on emergency basis. To assess the types of poisoning agents used by patients admitted to Medical Department of Holy Family Hospital, Rawalpindi. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study which was done on 285 patients who were admitted to Medical Department of Holy Family Hospital, Rawalpindi with history of poison ingestion from 1st January 2011 to 31st December 2015. Data was collected retrospectively and variables such as age, gender, year of reporting to hospital, residence, and type of poison were entered on a predesigned Performa. Data was analyzed by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23. Results: The study showed that organophosphate compounds are the most frequent cause of poisoning (40.4%), followed by corrosives (15.8%) and wheat pill (14%). 67.7% of the population belonged to younger age group (11 to 30 years) while 52.6% of the population admitted consisted of males. Conclusion: Organophosphate poisoning is the most frequently used poisoning type and their use is largest in the younger population. The situation can be improved by decreasing the chances of occupational exposure, addressing the reasons of self-poisoning, and improving the training of medical and paramedical staff in poisoning management at the primary, secondary and tertiary levels of hospitals.","PeriodicalId":30463,"journal":{"name":"Asia Pacific Journal of Medical Toxicology","volume":"6 1","pages":"50-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45964978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

A Clinico-Epidemiological Study on Poisonings due to Cardiovascular Drugs in Ahvaz, Iran 伊朗阿瓦兹心血管药物中毒的临床流行病学研究

Asia Pacific Journal of Medical Toxicology Pub Date : 2017-03-20 DOI: 10.22038/APJMT.2017.8473

Marzieh Zeinvand, Tahereh Hoseini, A. Rahmani

{"title":"A Clinico-Epidemiological Study on Poisonings due to Cardiovascular Drugs in Ahvaz, Iran","authors":"Marzieh Zeinvand, Tahereh Hoseini, A. Rahmani","doi":"10.22038/APJMT.2017.8473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22038/APJMT.2017.8473","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Overdoses with cardiovascular drugs are related with significant morbidity and mortality. Beta-adrenergic blockers, calcium-channel blockers (CCBs), thiazide, digoxin and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors represent five of the most important classes of cardiovascular drugs. Overdoses with cardiovascular drugs are typically caused by exploratory ingestion by children or intentional ingestion by suicidal adults. As no study has been performed about poisoning with this kind of drug in Khuzestan, this study aimed to investigate the frequency of cardiovascular drug poisoning and its clinical features in patients presenting in Razi Hospital of Ahvaz from 2005 to 2009. Methods: A retrospective review of medical records of patients poisoned with cardiovascular who were treated at Clinical Toxicology Department was executed. A total of 70 poisoning cases referred to Razi Hospital were identified. These unselected cases included intentional, accidental, criminal and occupational circumstances. Beta-blocker poisoning, digital poisoning, calcium-channel blockers poisoning, ACE inhibitor poisoning, thiazide poisoning and poisoning with other cardiovascular drugs were evaluated on the basis of recorded data. Poisoning with one or several agents, time of admission, type of poisoned agents, sex, age, therapeutic intervention and mortality were investigated. Results: This study revealed that most of the people poisoned with cardiovascular drugs were females, single people and urban population. Most of the patients were 15-25 years old. Most poisoning was with beta blocker and calcium channel blockers. Their first symptom was headache and most of them needed ICU admission. Most of the patient ECGs were normal. There were 2 cases of death. Conclusion: This study revealed that continuous health care and the administration of the exact dose of drugs in the appropriate time and also developing of the toxicology centers seem necessary.","PeriodicalId":30463,"journal":{"name":"Asia Pacific Journal of Medical Toxicology","volume":"6 1","pages":"25-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48878773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Alcohol Intoxication: an Emerging Public Health Problem 酒精中毒：一个新出现的公共卫生问题

Asia Pacific Journal of Medical Toxicology Pub Date : 2017-03-01 DOI: 10.22038/APJMT.2017.8470

Majid Khadem Rezayian, R. Afshari

{"title":"Alcohol Intoxication: an Emerging Public Health Problem","authors":"Majid Khadem Rezayian, R. Afshari","doi":"10.22038/APJMT.2017.8470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22038/APJMT.2017.8470","url":null,"abstract":"Background:Alcohol-related disorders are among major public health problems around the world. We aimed to focus on the trends of alcohol intoxication in Mashhad for the recent seven years. Methods: Registry database was analyzed. All admitted cases with alcohol-related intoxication were included during 2004 to 2011. Two national censuses were used for rate calculation. Results: There were 772 admissions due to alcohol (ethanol and methanol) intoxication (1.6% of all poisonings which equals to a prevalence rate of 3.3 per 100,000) during the 7-year period. Mean age was 25±11.9 years, and 90% of subjects were male. Alcohol intoxication prevalence was tripled as compared to 2004. Case fatality rate was higher in women (7.5% vs. 6.6%). Males who were self-employed or unemployed and females who were housekeepers or students were at greatest risk. The age-specific prevalence rate was highest in 10-20 (6.25 per 100,000), and the age-specific mortality rate was highest in 30-40 (2.13 per 100,000) age group. Conclusion: It seems that current health policies need to improve regarding complications of alcohol use in the area to effectively control the increasing rates. Further national studies are warranted.","PeriodicalId":30463,"journal":{"name":"Asia Pacific Journal of Medical Toxicology","volume":"6 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47092351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Effect of Intensity of Cigarette Smoking on Leukocytes among Adult Men and Women Smokers in Bangladesh 吸烟强度对孟加拉国成年男女吸烟者白细胞的影响

Asia Pacific Journal of Medical Toxicology Pub Date : 2017-03-01 DOI: 10.22038/APJMT.2017.8472

Shahena Aktar Shipa, Md. Mohosin Rana, Faruque Miah, J. Alam, M. Mahmud

{"title":"Effect of Intensity of Cigarette Smoking on Leukocytes among Adult Men and Women Smokers in Bangladesh","authors":"Shahena Aktar Shipa, Md. Mohosin Rana, Faruque Miah, J. Alam, M. Mahmud","doi":"10.22038/APJMT.2017.8472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22038/APJMT.2017.8472","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Smoking is one of the preventable causes of disease in middle and low-income countries. This study was conducted in smokers and non-smokers to observe the changes in total count of leukocytes in cigarette smokers in relation to body mass index (BMI) and blood pressure (BP). Methods:The study populations were from different sources including diagnostic center and general hospital, and consisted of 58 smokers and 77 non-smokers, with a broad range of age groups. The variables considered for this study were the smoking status of current smokers and non-smokers, and blood samples of the subject, anthropometric data and also blood pressure data. Results: Total leukocytes in smokers were found to be higher than the non-smokers along with the increasing of lymphocytes. Leukocytes were also found to be increased with intensity of smoking in adult men and women. The BMI of the smokers showed decreasing trend compared to non-smokers. The relation between blood pressure and smoking was not well established, as there were only little changes on systolic blood pressure (SBP) of smokers found according to smoking intensity. Conclusion: Cigarette smoking has negative effects on leukocytes both in men and women smokers in terms of certain anthropometric parameters.","PeriodicalId":30463,"journal":{"name":"Asia Pacific Journal of Medical Toxicology","volume":"6 1","pages":"12-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44846425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

A Cross Sectional Study of Opioid Poisoning in Children at a Tertiary Center 三级中心儿童阿片类药物中毒的横断面研究

Asia Pacific Journal of Medical Toxicology Pub Date : 2016-12-20 DOI: 10.22038/APJMT.2016.8136

N. Ghaemi, S. Alikhani, S. Bagheri, M. Sezavar

{"title":"A Cross Sectional Study of Opioid Poisoning in Children at a Tertiary Center","authors":"N. Ghaemi, S. Alikhani, S. Bagheri, M. Sezavar","doi":"10.22038/APJMT.2016.8136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22038/APJMT.2016.8136","url":null,"abstract":"Background:Poisoning in children is a world-wide problem and one of the most important reasons for children’s hospital admission. Incidence of toxicity based on cultural and economic characteristics vary in different communities. Methods: All children with proven opioid toxicity who admitted to children emergency ward of Imam Reza hospital of Mashhad through June 2014 to June 2015 were included the study. Age, sex, weight, parent’s educational level and job, causes and kinds of ingested opioid, addiction in family, clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, changes in QT corrected (QTC), and mortality rate were recorded. Finally, all data were analyzed with SPSS. Results: In this study, 126 opioid-intoxicated children were recruited. No significant age difference was seen between genders (P value = 0.24). Parent's educational levels in most cases were low. Addiction to opium was also common among fathers (68.3%). Methadone was the most common agent causing opioid poisoning (52.4%), followed by opium (43.7%). The cause of poisoning was accidental in 58% of patients. The common signs and symptoms were drowsiness (77.8%), miotic pupil (69 %), decreased levels of O2 saturation (67.5%), Bradypnea (37.3%), apnea (27.8%) and convulsions (8.7%). Venous blood gases (VBG) in most cases (69.8%) was abnormal, leukocytosis (26.2%), hyperglycemia (11.1%), hyponatremia (9.5%), hypernatremia (5.6%), increases in distance of QT in Electrocardiography (2.4%) were seen. Conclusion:Opioid poisonings are severe and life-threatening in children. Methadone was the most common cause of poisoning in more than the half of cases (52.4%). Poisonings were due to low parental knowledge about methadone poisoning and careless storage of methadone at their home.","PeriodicalId":30463,"journal":{"name":"Asia Pacific Journal of Medical Toxicology","volume":"5 1","pages":"115-118"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68231541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Chronicle of Datura Toxicity in the 18th and 19th Century 18和19世纪曼陀罗毒性编年史

Asia Pacific Journal of Medical Toxicology Pub Date : 2016-12-20 DOI: 10.22038/APJMT.2016.8134

M. Jonasson, R. Afshari

{"title":"Chronicle of Datura Toxicity in the 18th and 19th Century","authors":"M. Jonasson, R. Afshari","doi":"10.22038/APJMT.2016.8134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22038/APJMT.2016.8134","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Datura stramonium is a poisonous and common flowering plant that is a member of the Solanacae family. Datura poisonings are a rare occurrence in the 21st century, making toxicological information on this plant sparse. Historical information on Datura provides useful information on the clinical symptoms and characteristics of poisonings. This review looks at the state of knowledge on Datura’s chemical properties and clinical characteristics in the 18th and 19th century. Methods: A literature review was conducted, and an online database search identified 197 articles. Ultimately 42 articles met the search criteria and were included for review. Results: Medical literature on Datura focused predominantly on clinical poisonings, medical treatments, and identifying its chemical properties. Clinical poisonings included cases of accidental and intentional poisonings, and provided information on the age of patients, their symptoms, and treatments. Datura was also used to treat a variety of conditions, including asthma, inflammatory diseases, epileptic seizures, and hallucinations. Chemical experimentation on Datura commonly looked at isolating alkaloids and assaying their concentrations in various plant organs. Conclusion: Historical literature on Datura shows that cases of poisoning were a common occurrence. These historical sources provide useful information on Datura poisoning’s clinical findings, and preliminary uses of Datura in medical treatments. Early chemical exploration of Datura also set the groundwork for future research.","PeriodicalId":30463,"journal":{"name":"Asia Pacific Journal of Medical Toxicology","volume":"5 1","pages":"101-106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68231392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

A Clinico-Epidemiologic Study on Patients with Opium Toxicity Treated at Ardabil Hospitals, Iran, 2014-2015 2014-2015年伊朗阿达比勒医院鸦片中毒患者临床流行病学研究

Asia Pacific Journal of Medical Toxicology Pub Date : 2016-12-01 DOI: 10.22038/APJMT.2016.8137

E. Farzaneh, F. Amani, F. Etemad

{"title":"A Clinico-Epidemiologic Study on Patients with Opium Toxicity Treated at Ardabil Hospitals, Iran, 2014-2015","authors":"E. Farzaneh, F. Amani, F. Etemad","doi":"10.22038/APJMT.2016.8137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22038/APJMT.2016.8137","url":null,"abstract":"Background:Every day, people with addiction cause heavy economic and cultural damage to society. In some circumstances, opioids are used as a tool for suicide, which is often seen in youth. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical signs of toxicity associated with opium in patients referred to Ardabil city hospital. Methods:This is a cross-sectional study that has been done on opium toxicity patients referred to Ardabil Sabalan hospital from 2014-15. Patients’ information such as individual characteristics (age, gender, living location, job and marital status), drug type, poisoning cause, poisoning season, history of physical and mental illness, and clinical symptoms were obtained from patients and then analyzed using statistical methods in SPSS.16 software. Results: 180 hospitalized patients were entered in the study. 75 persons (42%) used Tramadol, the most commonly used drug in opium intoxication. Most patients (80.6%) were male and in the age group 20-30 years (37.8%). 155 patients (86.1%) lived in this city, and the most patients (55 cases, 35.5%) had a primary education level. 39% of cases were seen in spring, the most common season for referring intoxications. Of all patients, 160 (88.9%) consciously took the drug (by choice). Conclusion:Results showed that poisoning by Tramadol was the most common form of opium intoxication in patients. Opium intoxication can be prevented by decreasing the arbitrary use of drugs and also increasing the awareness level of personnel about care of these patients, and raising awareness to all people in society about opium and drug toxicity.","PeriodicalId":30463,"journal":{"name":"Asia Pacific Journal of Medical Toxicology","volume":"5 1","pages":"111-114"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68231556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

The Evaluation of Deferasirox on Hematological Parameters after Lead Administration 去铁宁对铅后血液学指标的影响

Asia Pacific Journal of Medical Toxicology Pub Date : 2016-12-01 DOI: 10.22038/APJMT.2016.8139

M. Zahmati, A. S. Saljooghi

{"title":"The Evaluation of Deferasirox on Hematological Parameters after Lead Administration","authors":"M. Zahmati, A. S. Saljooghi","doi":"10.22038/APJMT.2016.8139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22038/APJMT.2016.8139","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Metals such as iron, zinc, and copper are critical and necessary for the survival of all living organisms, whereas xenobiotic metals such as lead, cadmium, mercury, and arsenic have no known biologic role. Any metals in high doses can have toxic effects. The aim of this work was to evaluate the hematological changes induced by lead as a toxic metal and characterize the potential efficacy of Deferasirox in removing lead from bodies of male rats. Methods: Lead was given to rats at two doses of 40 (low dose of drinking lead) and 80 mg/kg (high dose of drinking lead). After 60 days of lead administration, chelation therapy was carried out for two weeks and then clinical, biochemical and haematological parameters were compared with the lead-free control group. Results: The results showed a decrease in iron level, hematocrit, red blood cells count, hemoglobin concentration, mean cellular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, after lead administration. Chelation therapy with Deferasirox (DFX) significantly reduced blood lead level, and iron concentrations returned to normal levels simultaneously. Conclusion: Deferasirox significantly reduced blood lead level along with normalizing iron. The symptoms of toxicity were also reduced and iron deficiency anemia following lead administration was obviated.","PeriodicalId":30463,"journal":{"name":"Asia Pacific Journal of Medical Toxicology","volume":"5 1","pages":"124-129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68231648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

A Rare Case of Acute Myocardial Infarction Associated with Arsenic Poisoning 砷中毒致急性心肌梗死1例

Asia Pacific Journal of Medical Toxicology Pub Date : 2016-12-01 DOI: 10.22038/APJMT.2016.8140

Shahrad Tajoddini, A. Esmaeili, F. Hoseini, B. Dadpour

引用次数: 0

An Overview of Hydrogen Sulfide Suicides Based on Police Data in Yamagata Prefecture, Japan 基于日本山形县警方数据的硫化氢自杀概况

Asia Pacific Journal of Medical Toxicology Pub Date : 2016-09-01 DOI: 10.22038/APJMT.2016.7672

K. Iseki, A. Ozawa, K. Seino, Rei Okubo, K. Yamazaki, K. Goto, C. Tase

引用次数: 0