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The Anxious Heart of Injustice: Negative Affective Responses to Disabilities 不公正的焦虑之心:对残疾的消极情感反应
BioethiqueOnline Pub Date : 2018-03-27 DOI: 10.7202/1044286AR
Jonas-Sébastien Beaudry
{"title":"The Anxious Heart of Injustice: Negative Affective Responses to Disabilities","authors":"Jonas-Sébastien Beaudry","doi":"10.7202/1044286AR","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/1044286AR","url":null,"abstract":"It appears that liberal thought pays too little attention to negative affective responses toward people with disabilities. As a result, liberal theories may lack corrective structures to deal with such emotions and theorists themselves may fall prey to their influence. Assuming these troubling suggestions are at least partly well-founded and thereby warrant closer investigation, I examine three hypothetical causes of this state of affairs: the philosophical distrust toward emotions, the failure to attend to anxious reactions toward anomalous bodies, and the fear of vulnerability connected to liberal ideology. Although the causal factors that I discus are difficult to demonstrate empirically, they are nonetheless intuitively compelling.","PeriodicalId":30407,"journal":{"name":"BioethiqueOnline","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42779613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
La bioéthique, l’art et le syndrome des ovaires polykystiques : propos impressionniste visant à réhabiliter les corps tabous et les ovaires blâmés 生物伦理学、艺术和多囊卵巢综合征：印象派关于恢复禁忌身体和罪魁祸首卵巢的论述
BioethiqueOnline Pub Date : 2018-03-27 DOI: 10.7202/1044280AR
Victoria Doudenkova
{"title":"La bioéthique, l’art et le syndrome des ovaires polykystiques : propos impressionniste visant à réhabiliter les corps tabous et les ovaires blâmés","authors":"Victoria Doudenkova","doi":"10.7202/1044280AR","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/1044280AR","url":null,"abstract":"La bioethique pousse a une prise de responsabilite de l’etre humain face aux problemes qu’il se cree tandis que l’art inspire un reenchantement dans le but de donner un sens different au monde mecanique et technoscientifique d’aujourd’hui. La sante n’echappe pas a cette vision rigide et les croyances qui y sont reliees sont presentees dans un conte paradigmatique et absurde ou la sante devient l’objet de la rationalite instrumentale et scientifique de la biomedecine. Suite a cette contextualisation, il devient plus aise de comprendre le parcours frustrant decrit par les femmes atteintes du syndrome des ovaires polykystiques (SOPK) dans le contexte de leurs soins. La biomedecine concoit le SOPK de facon biologique et individuelle oubliant l’apport d’une vision plus globale. A l’oppose de la biomedecine, des approches preventives cherchant l’amelioration de l’etat de sante et non le traitement de la maladie, offrent une perspective plus holistique du soin. Dans ce contexte, l’art est concu comme une facon originale de se souvenir des valeurs oubliees: une plus grande sensibilite et humanite, un rapport a la sante qui est respectueux de la vie, une creativite dans le contexte du soin. La demarche devient un geste moral et beau appelant non plus a lutter contre un mal, mais a prendre soin de la sante dans l’amour et la paix, ouvrant alors de nouvelles possibilites pour ameliorer la qualite de vie des femmes concernees et donc produire un plus grand bien.","PeriodicalId":30407,"journal":{"name":"BioethiqueOnline","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45145175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Engaging Ethical Issues Associated with Research and Public Health Interventions During Humanitarian Crises: Review of a Dialogic Workshop 在人道主义危机期间参与与研究和公共卫生干预有关的伦理问题:对对话讲习班的审查
BioethiqueOnline Pub Date : 2018-03-27 DOI: 10.7202/1044260AR
A. Davé, Julie Cumin, Ryoa Chung, M. Hunt
{"title":"Engaging Ethical Issues Associated with Research and Public Health Interventions During Humanitarian Crises: Review of a Dialogic Workshop","authors":"A. Davé, Julie Cumin, Ryoa Chung, M. Hunt","doi":"10.7202/1044260AR","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/1044260AR","url":null,"abstract":"On November 7th, 2014 the Humanitarian Health Ethics Workshop was held at McGill University, in Montreal. Co-hosted by the Montreal Health Equity Research Consortium and the Humanitarian Health Ethics Network, the event included six presentations and extensive discussion amongst participants, including researchers from Canada, Haiti, India, Switzerland and the US. Participants had training in disciplines including anthropology, bioethics, medicine, occupational therapy, philosophy, physical therapy, political science, public administration and public health. The objective of the workshop was to create a forum for discussion amongst scholars and practitioners interested in the ethics of healthcare delivery, research and public health interventions during humanitarian crises. This review is a summary of the presentations given, key themes that emerged during the day’s discussions, and avenues for future research that were identified.","PeriodicalId":30407,"journal":{"name":"BioethiqueOnline","volume":"5 1","pages":"2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42995818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Pain, Disability, and art: A response to verpaelst 疼痛、残疾和艺术:对极端主义的回应
BioethiqueOnline Pub Date : 2018-03-27 DOI: 10.7202/1044292AR
D. Stahl
{"title":"Pain, Disability, and art: A response to verpaelst","authors":"D. Stahl","doi":"10.7202/1044292AR","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/1044292AR","url":null,"abstract":"Pain is inherently subjective and culturally mitigated and so it is difficult to measure and mitigate. Art creation has the ability to be therapeutic to persons in chronic pain.","PeriodicalId":30407,"journal":{"name":"BioethiqueOnline","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42044356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Principes de communication et rôle social du chercheur en matière de transfert de connaissances : une dualité source de questionnements éthiques 沟通原则和研究人员在知识转移中的社会作用：伦理问题的二元性来源
BioethiqueOnline Pub Date : 2018-03-27 DOI: 10.7202/1044284AR
A. Carrier, Damien Contandriopoulos
{"title":"Principes de communication et rôle social du chercheur en matière de transfert de connaissances : une dualité source de questionnements éthiques","authors":"A. Carrier, Damien Contandriopoulos","doi":"10.7202/1044284AR","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/1044284AR","url":null,"abstract":"La science ayant notamment pour but de contribuer a l’amelioration des conditions de vie et au mieux-etre de la population, les chercheurs ont a produire et a partager des connaissances. Or, pour ce faire, l’utilisation de certaines strategies potentiellement plus efficaces souleve des questionnements ethiques. Le present article explore sommairement ces questionnements en s’interessant a la dualite relative au format du message et au role social du chercheur.","PeriodicalId":30407,"journal":{"name":"BioethiqueOnline","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.7202/1044284AR","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47531225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Compte rendu critique du livre Voir son steak comme un animal mort, de Martin Gibert 马丁·吉伯特（Martin Gibert）的《像死动物一样看牛排》一书的评论
BioethiqueOnline Pub Date : 2018-03-27 DOI: 10.7202/1044294AR
Marie-Josée Drolet
{"title":"Compte rendu critique du livre Voir son steak comme un animal mort, de Martin Gibert","authors":"Marie-Josée Drolet","doi":"10.7202/1044294AR","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/1044294AR","url":null,"abstract":"Ce compte rendu critique offre, dans un premier temps, une synthese des arguments presentes par Martin Gibert dans son livre Voir son steak comme un animal mort, et ce, en suivant pas a pas l’enchainement de ses arguments, chapitre par chapitre. Dans un deuxieme temps, une perspective critique de cet ouvrage et une reflexion personnelle sont articulees.","PeriodicalId":30407,"journal":{"name":"BioethiqueOnline","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48948585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Na-no-body : De l’oubli du corps sensible en nanomédecine NA-NO-BODY：纳米医学中敏感身体的遗忘
BioethiqueOnline Pub Date : 2018-03-27 DOI: 10.7202/1044278AR
Mathieu Noury
{"title":"Na-no-body : De l’oubli du corps sensible en nanomédecine","authors":"Mathieu Noury","doi":"10.7202/1044278AR","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/1044278AR","url":null,"abstract":"Cet article expose les reflexions sur lesquelles se fonde un recent projet artistique intitule Na-no-body, presente a la galerie montrealaise Espace Projet dans le cadre de l’exposition Art + Bioethique. Resultat d’une collaboration entre l’artiste Stephanie Coleman et le sociologue Mathieu Noury, ce projet souhaite contribuer au dialogue ethique sur le developpement de la nanomedecine et de son rapport au corps. S’interessant particulierement a la notion de « medecine personnalisee » promue par la nanomedecine, cet article montre que loin de developper une approche reintegrant la personne et son experience personnelle de la maladie au coeur du processus de soin, la nanomedecine apporte une reponse purement moleculaire et technique au soin. Plus specifiquement, il est soutenu que deux idees principales fondent le modele de prise en charge du patient promu par la nanomedecine : 1) l’individualite du patient est pensee au regard du prisme de la pensee moleculaire ; 2) la relation de soin, et donc au corps du patient, est hautement depersonnalisee et technicisee, radicalisant la desindividualisation du soin propre a la biomedecine.","PeriodicalId":30407,"journal":{"name":"BioethiqueOnline","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49620250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing: Review of Ethical, Legal and Social Implications 无创产前检测:伦理，法律和社会影响的回顾
BioethiqueOnline Pub Date : 2018-03-27 DOI: 10.7202/1044264AR
Hazar Haidar, C. Dupras, V. Ravitsky
{"title":"Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing: Review of Ethical, Legal and Social Implications","authors":"Hazar Haidar, C. Dupras, V. Ravitsky","doi":"10.7202/1044264AR","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/1044264AR","url":null,"abstract":"Non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) using cell-free fetal DNA (cffDNA) from maternal blood has recently entered clinical practice in many countries, including Canada. This test can be performed early during pregnancy to detect Down syndrome and other conditions. While NIPT promises numerous benefits, it also has challenging ethical, legal and social implications (ELSI). This paper reviews concerns currently found in the literature on the ELSI of NIPT. We make four observations. First, NIPT seems to exacerbate some of the already existing concerns raised by other prenatal tests (amniocentesis and maternal serum screening) such as threats to women’s reproductive autonomy and the potential for discrimination and stigmatization of disabled individuals and their families. This may be due to the likely upcoming large scale implementation and routinization of NIPT. Second, the distinction between NIPT as a screening test (as it is currently recommended) and as a diagnostic test (potentially in the future), has certain implications for the ELSI discussion. Third, we observed a progressive shift in the literature from initially including mostly conceptual analysis to an increasing number of empirical studies. This demonstrates the contribution of empirical bioethics approaches as the technology is being implemented into clinical use. Finally, we noted an increasing interest in equity and justice concerns regarding access to NIPT as it becomes more widely implemented.","PeriodicalId":30407,"journal":{"name":"BioethiqueOnline","volume":"5 1","pages":"6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46728873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 17
Individual and Collective Responsiveness to Climate Change: A Response to Dwyer 个人和集体对气候变化的反应：对Dwyer的回应
BioethiqueOnline Pub Date : 2018-03-27 DOI: 10.7202/1044259AR
C. Macpherson
{"title":"Individual and Collective Responsiveness to Climate Change: A Response to Dwyer","authors":"C. Macpherson","doi":"10.7202/1044259AR","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/1044259AR","url":null,"abstract":"James Dwyer’s story about a fictional GAIA Commission highlighted unresolved concerns about the scope of bioethics, specifically regarding the global distribution of, and responsibility for, the health impacts of climate change. This commentary discusses the potential impact of an individual on greenhouse gas emissions and the importance of engaging institutional responses in order to have meaningful impacts.","PeriodicalId":30407,"journal":{"name":"BioethiqueOnline","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47322072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
L’animal un co-citoyen, et pourquoi pas? 动物是共同公民，为什么不呢？
BioethiqueOnline Pub Date : 2018-03-27 DOI: 10.7202/1044282AR
D. Rathwell-Deault
{"title":"L’animal un co-citoyen, et pourquoi pas?","authors":"D. Rathwell-Deault","doi":"10.7202/1044282AR","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/1044282AR","url":null,"abstract":"Cet essai porte sur la place sociale de l’animal au sein de notre societe actuelle. Il se veut une reflexion portant sur les bases anciennes et presentes expliquant ma vision de l’animal au sein de notre societe avec un clin d’oeil sur la realite de ma profession, la medecine veterinaire. Il se conclut sur des pistes de solution pour mieux comprendre et integrer l’animal au sein de notre societe.","PeriodicalId":30407,"journal":{"name":"BioethiqueOnline","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.7202/1044282AR","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45266607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
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