Constructii Journal of Civil Engineering Research最新文献

{"title":"Effectiveness of the Modern Methods of Construction in Terms of Cost and Time: A Case Study of the United Kingdom","authors":"A. Shibani, Araz Agha, Dyaa Hassan, Y. Al-Hadeethi, Mousumi Choudhury","doi":"10.5923/J.JCE.20211101.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5923/J.JCE.20211101.03","url":null,"abstract":"In the past few years, the housing sector has witnessed an increase in the application of modern methods of construction (MMC) in the construction processes to address the existing housing shortage and improve the quality of buildings. However, despite the widely reported benefits of such methods, their uptake within the industry has been limited. This paper reports the findings made from a research that sought to investigate the effectiveness of MMC in terms of cost and time. A questionnaire survey was applied whereby five of the top construction companies in the country and 30 academicians it the field of construction were interviewed. The results obtained indicate that the current utilisation of MMC in the large and medium-sized housing companies is insufficient, but the level is expected to increase due to the growing pressure to improve on cost, time, quality, productivity, wastages, and health and safety of the workers. However, the perceived higher capital cost compared to the traditional method has been a major hindrance to the adoption of MMC. Despite this, as for a revolution in the construction industry of using modern construction methods, off-site MMC is not every company choice of construction form due to its higher capital and initial costs. This paper recommends a set of strategies that can be used to address the uncertainties surrounding the effectiveness of MMC and improve its usage among the construction companies.","PeriodicalId":30320,"journal":{"name":"Constructii Journal of Civil Engineering Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80512114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prefabrication as a Solution for Tackling the Building Crisis in the UK","authors":"A. Shibani, Araz Agha, Thuraiya Alharasi Alharasi, Dyaa Hassan","doi":"10.5923/J.JCE.20211101.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5923/J.JCE.20211101.02","url":null,"abstract":"The UK as a welfare state spends about 30% of the gross domestic product on social expenditures. The acute and biting shortage of housing, particularly social and affordable housing is responsible for the spiralling house prices and rents leading to an affordability crisis. Evidence-based research shows that the UK needs to build over 300,000 houses a year to meet the rising demand, particularly from young adults and families with low-to-middle incomes. As a result, there has been a worrying increase in overcrowding, homelessness, evictions and rent arrears. This research study aimed to investigate prefabrication, also known as modular construction as a solution to tackling the housing crisis in the UK. A mixed method approach was used to collect raw data. As such, five major construction firms were selected as the case study organisations for the research study. The respondents had a senior position in the organisations. The data collection methods that were adopted are qualitative (interviews) and quantitative (questionnaires). The data were analysed using thematic analysis in which emergent themes were identified throughout the interviews and the questionnaires. Findings suggested that the housing crisis is not about houses; instead, it is about individuals. Perceptions about prefabricated houses among the low, middle and high-income earners are largely negative whose implication is that individuals would rather wait to build traditional homes in the future than opt for a prefabricated home. Although traditional home ownership is slipping out of reach for the majority, the demand for prefabricated homes is still low. In urban areas, modular construction is practised on a small scale with the main market limitations being the small size of the domestic market and the existing building regulations which prohibit the use of inflammable materials in urban areas. Moreover, it was found that prefabricated homes may provide short-term and long-term solutions to the housing crisis since they address and resolve some of the most critical issues associated with traditional housing but not limited to high costs, longer construction periods and uncertain budgets.","PeriodicalId":30320,"journal":{"name":"Constructii Journal of Civil Engineering Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87756624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis and Design of Automated Transport and Path Planning for Robots in Cluttered Environments using Novel Hybrid Average Genetic-Neural Control Technique","authors":"R. ParhiDayal","doi":"10.19080/CERJ.2021.11.555815","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/CERJ.2021.11.555815","url":null,"abstract":"In the current investigation on automated transport and navigational path planning of robots, a new Hybrid Average Genetic-Neural (HAGN) technique has been developed. The HAGN technique uses genetic algorithm and multi layered neural technique as important parts for its development. The robots are equipped with several sensors to map the surrounding environments and to recognize the obstacles and targets around. During the navigation robots take into account front, left and right obstacle distances obtained from sensors to negotiate with obstacles and reach targets with the help of HAGN technique. To prove authenticity of the proposed method several simulation and experimental exercises have been carried out. Comparisons between simulation and experimental results are presented in pictorial and tabular forms. The deviation between simulation and experimental results are found to be within 2.8%. Other engineering applications can also be addressed using HAGN AI technique.","PeriodicalId":30320,"journal":{"name":"Constructii Journal of Civil Engineering Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88165521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Near-Fault Earthquakes on the Seismic Performance of Steel-Frame Buildings with Vertical Mass Irregularities","authors":"Hossein Abdollahiparsaa","doi":"10.19080/CERJ.2021.11.555813","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/CERJ.2021.11.555813","url":null,"abstract":"This study explores the effects of vertical mass irregularities on the seismic response of multistoried moment-resisting steel structures by considering mass discontinuity at the top and first stories. Perform 3D software is used to carry out an inelastic dynamic analysis of time histories of 3-, 5-, and 8-storey steel frame buildings subjected to 10 near-field earthquake events. Comparison of the analytical results reveals that the axial forces on both the interior and exterior columns in all cases are at their maxima (30%-40%) in the top storey and at their minima in the 1st storey, respectively. Structures with mass irregularities in their top stories are observed to experience slightly larger horizontal roof displacements than those with irregularities in their 1st storey. Larger vertical displacements at beam mid-points are observed in structures with mass irregularities in their top stories than in those with irregularities in their 1st storey while the base shear forces are found to decrease by about 6%. Compared to structures with mass irregularities in their lower stories, those with vertical irregularities in their top stories exhibit a poorer performance under near-field earthquakes.","PeriodicalId":30320,"journal":{"name":"Constructii Journal of Civil Engineering Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90717881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time Variations of Sediment Floc Size and Density by using Settling Column Data","authors":"A. Altaee, H. S. Samadiboroujeni, SA Naghshbandi","doi":"10.19080/CERJ.2021.11.555812","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/CERJ.2021.11.555812","url":null,"abstract":"The investigation of settling process and cohesive sediments consolidation in dam reservoirs and beaches is one of the most important issues playing an effective role in different descaling and sediment controlling designs, including dredging projects and hydraulic sediment removal operations. The superfine cohesive sediments even settle in the canals in which the existing standard criteria of design have been observed. They have also settled in dam reservoir and resulted in trapping efficiency near 100%. In addition to reducing the service life of reservoir, this problem has also changed the limpidity of the water released from the existing reservoir, ecology and morphology of the downstream river. In the beaches and seaports, the cohesive sediments settlement has caused an increase in dredging costs. In many cases it is impossible to overcome this phenomenon in practice [1].","PeriodicalId":30320,"journal":{"name":"Constructii Journal of Civil Engineering Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84721044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dependence of the Total Response Time of the LC Light Modulator on the Value of the Control Voltage","authors":"G. Simonenko","doi":"10.19080/CERJ.2021.11.555811","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/CERJ.2021.11.555811","url":null,"abstract":"The analytical dependence of the total response time of the LC light modulator on the control voltage was found using computer simulation. It is shown that there is a limiting value of the control voltage, upon reaching which its further increase does not lead to a decrease in the total response time of the device.","PeriodicalId":30320,"journal":{"name":"Constructii Journal of Civil Engineering Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91281839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climatization Systems and Sanitary Hot Water in Energetic Certification of Buildings-A Case Study","authors":"Claudia Ribeiro Pacheco Ffp","doi":"10.19080/CERJ.2021.11.555809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/CERJ.2021.11.555809","url":null,"abstract":"Calculation procedures have been developed, considering the thermal project of a building under study, for simulation of several combinations of heating and cooling climatization systems and conventional systems of sanitary hot water production. Comparisons are made for the values of annual greenhouse gas emissions, annual and monthly energy bills of climatization and sanitary hot water preparation, energy class and the cost of acquisition, installation, and maintenance of equipment.","PeriodicalId":30320,"journal":{"name":"Constructii Journal of Civil Engineering Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90867782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On Approach of Analysis of Oscillations of a Multilayer Structures","authors":"Pankratov El","doi":"10.19080/CERJ.2021.11.555808","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/CERJ.2021.11.555808","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we analyzed sound influence on a multilayer building structures with increasing sound insulation on the example of oscillations of a multilayer plate. An analytical approach for analyzing the data of oscillations has been introduced.","PeriodicalId":30320,"journal":{"name":"Constructii Journal of Civil Engineering Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74816020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental Study of the Impact of Drift, Depth, and Lateral Restrictions on Inland Ship-Induced Waves under Small and Moderate Ship Speeds","authors":"Razgallah","doi":"10.19080/cerj.2021.11.555818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/cerj.2021.11.555818","url":null,"abstract":"The study of ship-induced waves is essential to prevent bank erosion and optimize the ship’s maneuverability. Inland ship-induced waves are in general affected by many factors divided into ship related parameters (form, draft, speed, drift, and navigation environment parameters (depth, distance to banks, and offset of the sailing line from the channel middle). Based on a set of towing tank experiments, this article depicts the effects of a number of these parameters on inland ship generated waves. To account for real navigation conditions, the ship speed is chosen so as to comply with the regular range of inland navigation speed which is close enough from the maximum allowable speed supported by the experimental setup. To study the effect of ship form, the experiment was carried out on a containership, a pusher-barge and a pusher-two barges. The study is achieved for two different ship’s draft (T =0.1 m and T=0.04 m) and repeated for different configurations of water depth (h between 0.24 m and 0.12 m). The lateral confinement is studied by varying the channel width (W=2.88 m, 1.44 m and 0.72 m). Special attention is paid to the study of a restricted waterway combining both depth and lateral confinement. Besides, to identify the influence of drift, three drift angles were imposed (between 0 and 5°). Finally, the influence of the eccentricity is identified through varying the offset distance (offset = 0.44 m and 0.55 m). The ship wave maximum amplitude is validated by comparison to literature.","PeriodicalId":30320,"journal":{"name":"Constructii Journal of Civil Engineering Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84728104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Public Space as Interior and Interior as Public Space","authors":"Jaroslav Daďa","doi":"10.19080/cerj.2021.11.555816","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/cerj.2021.11.555816","url":null,"abstract":"The saying that there is only one architecture holds true. The breadth of architectural tasks ranges from chair design to urban plans, but in reality only the scale changes, the principles and creative tools remain the same. The compositional principles are used again and it is up to the architects to use them for the solved task and how to evaluate their effect for optimal design. We can document this in the context of urban space and building interiors. I would liken the public space perceived by the architect’s point of view to the interior of the building by analogy. The public space is the interior of the built environment. The mutual analogy between the parts of the city and the interior of the buildings that make it up is supported by similar means of expression in their creation. The same rules apply to the design of the interior and public space as for any architecture. The scope and size of the solution are different, but the principles for the solution remain the same.","PeriodicalId":30320,"journal":{"name":"Constructii Journal of Civil Engineering Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88644052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}