Stato Chiese e Pluralismo Confessionale最新文献_第8页

Unilateralism and Bilateralism in the Restrictions on Worship in Italy During the Pandemic 新冠肺炎疫情期间意大利宗教限制中的单边主义与双边主义

Stato Chiese e Pluralismo Confessionale Pub Date : 2022-10-05 DOI: 10.54103/1971-8543/18823

Matteo Giannelli

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State, Religion and COVID-19: can Religious Freedom be Guaranteed in Exceptional Circumstances? 国家、宗教与2019冠状病毒病:在特殊情况下宗教自由能得到保障吗?

Stato Chiese e Pluralismo Confessionale Pub Date : 2022-10-05 DOI: 10.54103/1971-8543/18818

Javier Martínez-Torrón

{"title":"State, Religion and COVID-19: can Religious Freedom be Guaranteed in Exceptional Circumstances?","authors":"Javier Martínez-Torrón","doi":"10.54103/1971-8543/18818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54103/1971-8543/18818","url":null,"abstract":"TABLE OF CONTENTS: 1. The coronavirus crisis: a tragedy and an opportunity - 2. Demanding governments’ accountability - 3. The conditions for legitimate restrictions on freedom of religion or belief - 4. The significance of equality and State’s neutrality for the protection of religious freedom - 5. Advantages of dialogue and cooperation between State and religion - 6. Support and doubts in the reaction of religious communities to governmental measures - 7. Final remarks.\u0000ABASTRACT: This article explores peculiarities of the COVID-19 pandemic in comparison to other health crisis experienced in the past. Each character is thoroughly examined in the article. The article focuses on four thematic areas: the legal regulation of the fight against coronavirus; the equality of treatment of religious freedom in relation to other fundamental rights; the cooperation between the State and religious communities; and the reactions of religious communities to governmental measures. The article argues that rather than raising new questions, COVD-19 has forced us to deal with familiar questions under unprecedented circumstances. In this frame, time has played a central role as a factor to be taken into account to scrutinize the legitimacy of measures introducing severe limitations to fundamental rights and freedoms. Finally, the article claims that from a legal perspective, the experience of the past months reveals that, especially in times of crisis, we need a scrupulous respect for the requirements of the rule of law, including a strict accountability and transparency from governments, and putting especial emphasis on the protection of fundamental rights, among which is freedom of religion or belief.","PeriodicalId":30314,"journal":{"name":"Stato Chiese e Pluralismo Confessionale","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44544269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

La libertà di culto ai tempi della pandemia da SARS-CoV-2. Standard di tutela in Italia, Francia e Belgio 在sars - cov2大流行时期的宗教自由。意大利、法国和比利时的保护标准

Stato Chiese e Pluralismo Confessionale Pub Date : 2022-10-05 DOI: 10.54103/1971-8543/18825

S. Baldassarre

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COVID-19 restrictions on religious worship:how to ensure effectiveness while respecting religious autonomy? 新冠肺炎对宗教礼拜的限制：如何在尊重宗教自主权的同时确保有效性？

Stato Chiese e Pluralismo Confessionale Pub Date : 2022-10-05 DOI: 10.54103/1971-8543/18820

Maksymilian Hau

{"title":"COVID-19 restrictions on religious worship:how to ensure effectiveness while respecting religious autonomy?","authors":"Maksymilian Hau","doi":"10.54103/1971-8543/18820","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54103/1971-8543/18820","url":null,"abstract":"TABLE OF CONTENTS: 1. Introduction - 2. The existing model of Coronavirus restrictions and its impact on freedom of religion - 3. Towards a new model of restriction - 4. Advantages of the new model of restrictions - 5. Safeguarding compliance with restrictions - 6. Conclusions. \u0000ABSTRACT: The topic of the article is to evaluate legal measures aimed to stop the spread of the coronavirus that limited religious rights. The restrictions are assessed from the perspective of its effectiveness in preventing infection as well as its proportionality. The argument is that proportionality of the restrictions depends on their effectiveness, which in turn should be evaluated in the light of current pandemic situation, which includes vaccination level and scientific knowledge on coronavirus transmission. Consequently, two kinds of restrictions are distinguished: premises-oriented and activities-oriented. The former focuses mainly on the capacity of the church premises and not so much on the activity of the gathered, whereas the latter pays attention to the activates of the worshippers, including religious practices. Given the epidemiological effectiveness and the balance between protecting public health and religious freedom, activities-oriented restrictions are identified as a proper model of restrictions.","PeriodicalId":30314,"journal":{"name":"Stato Chiese e Pluralismo Confessionale","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44857565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

“Religious freedom before, during and after covid-19 Between Europe and the Member States”: Introduzione alla seconda sezione dello special issue “在2019冠状病毒病之前、期间和之后，欧洲与成员国之间的宗教自由”:intrduzione真主安拉第二期特别问题

Stato Chiese e Pluralismo Confessionale Pub Date : 2022-10-05 DOI: 10.54103/1971-8543/18824

Pietro Faraguna

引用次数: 0

Limitazioni alla libertà religiosa e principio di proporzionalità davanti alle Corti: una prospettiva comparata 宗教自由的限制和法庭上的比例原则:一个比较的观点

Stato Chiese e Pluralismo Confessionale Pub Date : 2022-10-05 DOI: 10.54103/1971-8543/18827

Greta Pavesi

{"title":"Limitazioni alla libertà religiosa e principio di proporzionalità davanti alle Corti: una prospettiva comparata","authors":"Greta Pavesi","doi":"10.54103/1971-8543/18827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54103/1971-8543/18827","url":null,"abstract":"SOMMARIO: 1. Introduzione - 2. “Breve durata” delle restrizioni e proporzio-nalità: l’interpretazione del Bundesverfassungsgericht - 3. Il Consiglio di Stato francese e la “question de proportionnalité” della libertà di culto - 4. “Secular gatherings” v. “secular businesses”: il tertium comparationis nella giurisprudenza della Corte Suprema statunitense - 5. Emergenza sanitaria e test di proporzionalità nella giurisprudenza di Strasburgo: brevi considerazioni de iure condendo - 6. Conclusioni. \u0000Restrictions on Religious Freedom and the Principle of Proportionalitybefore the Courts: A Comparative Perspective \u0000ABSTRACT: The emergency legislation through which the legal systems have tried to cope with the Covid-19 pandemic has necessitated new forms of balancing health protection and other fundamental freedoms, including freedom of religion. The aim of this paper is to analyse the different ways in which the superior Courts have applied the principle of proportionality, with the purpose of trying to assess the extent to which the different sensitivity of judges (especially as regards the identification of the tertium comparationis) has affected the effective protection of freedom of religion during the pandemic. In particular, a comparison will be made among the statements of the Bundesverfassungsgericht, the Conseil d'État and the US Supreme Court, which have balanced the right to health and religious freedom. Short concluding remarks will be addressed to the possible role of Strasbourg jurisprudence in guiding the work of national judges dealing with the proportionality test, also in a post-pandemic perspective.","PeriodicalId":30314,"journal":{"name":"Stato Chiese e Pluralismo Confessionale","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43530065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Il problema dei limiti alla libertà religiosa alla prova della pandemia: specialità o privilegio? (a margine delle relazioni di Silvia Baldassarre, Simone Gianello e Paolo Zicchittu) 在大流行的试验中限制宗教自由的问题:专业还是特权?(西尔维亚·巴尔达萨雷、西蒙娜·吉内罗和保罗·齐奇图的报告)

Stato Chiese e Pluralismo Confessionale Pub Date : 2022-10-05 DOI: 10.54103/1971-8543/18829

M. Croce

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Metodo concertativo e tecniche di bilanciamento nella disciplina giuridica della libertà religiosa in tempi di emergenza (a margine delle relazioni di Silvia Baldassarre, Simone Gianello e Paolo Zicchittu) 在紧急情况下平衡宗教自由法律问题的协调方法和技术(西尔维亚·巴尔达萨雷、西蒙娜·吉内罗和保罗·齐奇图的报告)

Stato Chiese e Pluralismo Confessionale Pub Date : 2022-10-05 DOI: 10.54103/1971-8543/18828

M. Toscano

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Religious freedom during Covid-19 in Courts’ evaluation 法院对新冠疫情期间宗教自由的评估

Stato Chiese e Pluralismo Confessionale Pub Date : 2022-10-05 DOI: 10.54103/1971-8543/18821

Valerio D'Alò

{"title":"Religious freedom during Covid-19 in Courts’ evaluation","authors":"Valerio D'Alò","doi":"10.54103/1971-8543/18821","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54103/1971-8543/18821","url":null,"abstract":"TABLE OF CONTENTS: 1. Premise - 2. Italy: the relevance of the possibility of satisfying religious feeling through the alternatives offered by computer tools - 3. Germany: the non-belonging of the public exercise of worship to the Wesensgehalt of the right to religious freedom - 4. France: the suspension of religious ceremonies as a “serious and manifestly unlawful interference” with religious freedom - 5. United States of America: the participation in religious services as the “heart of the First Amendment’s guarantee of religious liberty” - 6. Concluding remarks. \u0000ABSTRACT: The purpose of this paper is to examine the position and the scope of the right to religious freedom in the case law of the national courts of some European and non-European countries, which are called upon to establish the legitimacy or otherwise of the balancing realized by the emergency regulation against Covid-19 between this interest and the equally important one of health. Such evaluations, essentially conducted by the judges using the principle of proportionality (as well as that of reasonableness), betray, in fact, in the phase of verification of the adequacy of the measure (so-called Verhälntismäßigkeit im engeren Sinne) the identification of the sphere of intangibility within the right, removed from further balancing. The systems taken into consideration for this purpose are the Italian, German, French and American ones, identified as significant expressions of different regimes of relations between the State and religious denominations, and, therefore, tending to a different overall attitude of the State towards religious experience.","PeriodicalId":30314,"journal":{"name":"Stato Chiese e Pluralismo Confessionale","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41841614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

I “pericoli” della libertà religiosa al tempo della pandemia: un bilanciamento impossibile? Considerazioni comparate tra Italia e Francia 大流行时期宗教自由的“危险”:一种不可能的平衡?意大利和法国之间的比较考虑

Stato Chiese e Pluralismo Confessionale Pub Date : 2022-10-05 DOI: 10.54103/1971-8543/18826

S. Gianello, P. Zicchittu

引用次数: 0