Journal of BioMedical Research and Clinical Practice最新文献_第2页

Knowledge and Practice of Standard Precautions for Infection Prevention and Control among Health Care Workers in Public Primary and Secondary Health Facilities in Edo State: A Reflection of the Neglect of First and Second Levels of Care in Infection Preve 江户州公共初级和二级卫生机构卫生保健工作者感染预防和控制标准预防措施的知识和实践:反映了感染预防中一级和二级护理的忽视

Journal of BioMedical Research and Clinical Practice Pub Date : 2020-12-24 DOI: 10.46912/jbrcp.199

Emmanuel Friday Osagiede, SO Utomi, OC Egbuta, E. Osagiede, IA Airefetalor, S. Abah

{"title":"Knowledge and Practice of Standard Precautions for Infection Prevention and Control among Health Care Workers in Public Primary and Secondary Health Facilities in Edo State: A Reflection of the Neglect of First and Second Levels of Care in Infection Preve","authors":"Emmanuel Friday Osagiede, SO Utomi, OC Egbuta, E. Osagiede, IA Airefetalor, S. Abah","doi":"10.46912/jbrcp.199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46912/jbrcp.199","url":null,"abstract":"Standard precautions (SP) refer to the minimum infection prevention practice applied whenever providing patient care, irrespective of the diagnosis. SP is applied to all patients all the time to prevent unprotected contact with body fluids so that bloodborne infections and the risks of infection transmission are unlikely. It involves various components that when consistently practised, prevents the spread of infection to health care workers, patients, and visitors. This study assessed the knowledge and practice of standard precaution among health care workers in public primary and secondary facilities in Edo State. A Cross-Sectional study design was used to study 217 HCWs in both public primary and secondary health facilities. Respondents were selected using the cluster sampling technique. The study was carried out between April and October 2019. Most of the HCWs (94.5%) were aware of SP with their source of awareness, mainly from their colleagues. Their knowledge of SP was generally poor. Only 23 (10.6%) of the respondents had good knowledge, others either had fair 153(70.50%) or poor 41(18.90%) knowledge of SP with a statistically significant relationship between knowledge of SP and the HCWs level of completed education (p-value 0.019) as well as with the professional group they belong to (p-value 0.002). The practice of SP was generally abysmal, with only 3(1%) having good practice. The knowledge and practice of standard precaution among health workers at both the primary and secondary levels of care in Edo State were abysmally poor. There is an urgent need to organise sustained infection prevention and control (IPC) training as well as implement strategies to improve IPC competence among the HCWs in the primary and secondary facilities in Edo State.","PeriodicalId":301476,"journal":{"name":"Journal of BioMedical Research and Clinical Practice","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125168374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Chronic High Fat Diet Induced Weight Gain, Hyperglycaemia and Cognitive Impairment in Albino Mice 慢性高脂饮食诱导白化病小鼠体重增加、高血糖和认知障碍

Journal of BioMedical Research and Clinical Practice Pub Date : 2020-12-23 DOI: 10.46912/jbrcp.193

I. Abi, SO Adeniyi, E. Abi, Muhammad K Imam

{"title":"Chronic High Fat Diet Induced Weight Gain, Hyperglycaemia and Cognitive Impairment in Albino Mice","authors":"I. Abi, SO Adeniyi, E. Abi, Muhammad K Imam","doi":"10.46912/jbrcp.193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46912/jbrcp.193","url":null,"abstract":"With the global rise in consumption of western diet, obesity is becoming a pandemic. High fat and high calorie diet (though more palatable) have been associated with a range of metabolic disorders. Oxidative stress and insulin resistance have a link to the dietary etiology of diabetes and obesity; on the other hand, neuroinflammation and abnormal brain insulin signaling is said to cause cognitive decline when high fat diet (HFD) is consumed. In this study, mice were fed a home-made HFD with a total energy content of 5340kcal/kg. The overall energy contribution of saturated and unsaturated fat was about 70%. Animals were divided into Group I and II of 5 mice each. Group I (control group) were fed normal chow and water ad libidum. Group II (test group) were fed HFD and water ad libidum. HFD significantly (p<0.05) increased the body weight of the test group (40 ±7.7) as compared to control (30 ± 2.9). Blood glucose levels in the test group was also significantly higher (111.6 ± 5.2) compared to the control (77.6 ± 8.7). Morris water maze escape latency in the test group was not significantly different (68 ± 26.3) compared to the control (72 ± 20.9). Similarly, the time spent in target quadrant in the test group was not significantly different (20.8 ± 10.9) compared to the control (15.8 ± 5.6). In the Y-maze the control group had a significantly higher (29.6 ± 3.5) percentage alternations compared to the test group (21 ± 13.1). It is obvious that the chronic administration of HFD in mice altered the body's metabolic processes as evident in the significant weight gain, hyperglycemia and cognitive deficit. These can be attributed to the oxidative damage, insulin dysregulation and pro-inflammatory potentials of HFD.","PeriodicalId":301476,"journal":{"name":"Journal of BioMedical Research and Clinical Practice","volume":"128 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134008842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Molecular Identification of Fusarium Species Recovered from Hospital Environment in Jos, Nigeria 尼日利亚乔斯医院环境中镰刀菌的分子鉴定

Journal of BioMedical Research and Clinical Practice Pub Date : 2020-08-31 DOI: 10.46912/jbrcp.151

Geunsoo Kim, M. Okolo, U. Essien, U. Umeh, C. Iheukwumere

引用次数: 0

A 5 Year Retrospective Analysis of Leave against Advice from the Medical Wards of a Nigerian Tertiary Hospital 尼日利亚某三级医院病区建议休假5年回顾性分析

Journal of BioMedical Research and Clinical Practice Pub Date : 2020-06-26 DOI: 10.46912/jbrcp.152

J. E. Ojobi, E. Ugwu, P. Idoko, M. Ogiator, SS Gomerep, Ja Orkuma

{"title":"A 5 Year Retrospective Analysis of Leave against Advice from the Medical Wards of a Nigerian Tertiary Hospital","authors":"J. E. Ojobi, E. Ugwu, P. Idoko, M. Ogiator, SS Gomerep, Ja Orkuma","doi":"10.46912/jbrcp.152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46912/jbrcp.152","url":null,"abstract":"Self discharge (SD) of hospitalized patients is an adverse clinical event often resulting from a fundamental disagreement between the patient or an interested third party and the attending physician and / or the hospital environment. This culminates in the patient’s withdrawal of their initial voluntary consent for hospitalisation and abrupt termination of in - patient medical care. Patients who left hospital admission against the advice of their doctors are both a concern and a challenge for individuals in the health industry. It negatively impacts treatment outcomes and exposes the clinician and health care administrators to the hazards of litigations. The study was aimed at determining the incidence of SD and associated factors in medical admissions. It was a retrospective descriptive hospital based study of patients who self discharged from medical wards of Federal Medical Center, Makurdi from June 2012 – May 2017. Approval was obtained from the institution’s research ethics board. Thirty one individuals (0.62% of total admission) self discharged within the study period. Financial constraints was responsible for 32.2% (10) of SD followed by proximity to social support 19.4% (6). Five patients (16.1%) elected not to disclose any reasons. The incidence reduced from 0.21% to 0.02% at the start and end of study period respectively. Though SD was relatively low in this study, the incidence could be reduced further by expanding the scope of health insurance scheme, skilful communication and negotiating patient management using patient – centred methods.","PeriodicalId":301476,"journal":{"name":"Journal of BioMedical Research and Clinical Practice","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123400419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Demographic Characteristics and Risk Factors for HIV and Hepatitis C Virus Co-infection in Pregnancy at a Tertiary Hospital in Northern Nigeria 尼日利亚北部一家三级医院妊娠期艾滋病毒和丙型肝炎病毒合并感染的人口统计学特征和危险因素

Journal of BioMedical Research and Clinical Practice Pub Date : 2020-04-03 DOI: 10.46912/jbrcp3i1.2020150

O. Ochima, A. Randawa, S. Adaji, GI Ogbu

{"title":"Demographic Characteristics and Risk Factors for HIV and Hepatitis C Virus Co-infection in Pregnancy at a Tertiary Hospital in Northern Nigeria","authors":"O. Ochima, A. Randawa, S. Adaji, GI Ogbu","doi":"10.46912/jbrcp3i1.2020150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46912/jbrcp3i1.2020150","url":null,"abstract":"Hepatitis and TB co-infection in PLWHA is now a major source of co-morbidity and of public health concern. HIV and Hepatitis are two viruses with overlapping epidemics and shared routes of transmission. The clinical course of HCV is accelerated in patients with HIV with resultant end-stage Liver disease as a major cause of death. Most studies in my environment failed to identify significant risk factors for HCV infection thus making intervention difficult. The study was a descriptive cross-sectional study carried out among consecutive consenting HIV positive pregnant women attending the antenatal clinic of ABUTH-Zaria Nigeria. Relevant information was obtained using a structurally administered questionnaire while Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent assay Biotech Laboratories UK was used for anti Hepatitis C antibodies assay. Twenty four of the 285 samples tested positive for anti HCV antibodies giving a co-infection rate of 8.4%. Lack of formal education was associated with HCV-HIV co-infection (p <0.05), odds ratio (OR) 2.5; 95%CI 0.97-6.97. The possible risk factors analyzed including previous blood transfusion and injecting drug use were not associated with HIV- HCV co-infection (p>0.05). This study revealed a high HCV co-infection with significant association with non-formal educational status. Improving female education may be one important strategy for its prevention.","PeriodicalId":301476,"journal":{"name":"Journal of BioMedical Research and Clinical Practice","volume":"290 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121011505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Menstrual Pattern and Hygiene among Female Prisoners in Kano, North-western Nigeria 尼日利亚西北部卡诺女囚犯的月经模式和卫生状况

Journal of BioMedical Research and Clinical Practice Pub Date : 2020-04-03 DOI: 10.46912/JBRCP.133

A. Rabiu, F. Sani, S. Daneji

{"title":"Menstrual Pattern and Hygiene among Female Prisoners in Kano, North-western Nigeria","authors":"A. Rabiu, F. Sani, S. Daneji","doi":"10.46912/JBRCP.133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46912/JBRCP.133","url":null,"abstract":"Menstrual hygiene management services among female inmates should be in a professional manner equivalent to what is provided in the country. Female prisoners' menstrual patterns could differ from normal due to stress and uncertainty about the future. This cross-sectional survey was aimed to assess the menstrual bleeding pattern of the female prisoners and their menstrual hygiene. It was conducted among three selected Prisons in Kano. Ethical approval was obtained from Ethical Committee of Kano State Ministry of Health. Information such as socio-demographic characteristics, menstrual hygiene and pattern were recorded on a questionnaire. All consenting female prisoners were recruited for the survey. Data collected were analyzed using SPSS Version 26.0.A p-value of < 0.05 was considered significant. Their mean age (±SD) was 30.1±3.42 years. The mean menstrual cycle was 28.9 ±4.42 days. The average duration of menstrual flow was 3 ± 1. Thirty-two (33.0%) of the female prison inmates experienced pains during menstruation (dysmenorrhea) while 43 (44.3%) had no dysmenorrhea. Majority of the inmates 83(85.6%) took bath once during menstrual period. More than 4/5th (81.4%) changed their absorbent twice a day during the period. Majority of the female inmates used toilet (80%) as the method of absorbent disposal. In conclusion; the survey showed that female prisoners relatively showed regular and normal menstrual patterns. Menstrual hygiene was relatively poor.","PeriodicalId":301476,"journal":{"name":"Journal of BioMedical Research and Clinical Practice","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123838540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Knowledge and Proficiency in Skills of Initial Trauma Management among Healthcare Personnel in Secondary Care 二级医疗保健人员初始创伤管理技能的知识和熟练程度

Journal of BioMedical Research and Clinical Practice Pub Date : 2020-04-02 DOI: 10.46912/jbrcp3i1.2020142

H. Embu, S. Nuhu, SP Bishmang

{"title":"Knowledge and Proficiency in Skills of Initial Trauma Management among Healthcare Personnel in Secondary Care","authors":"H. Embu, S. Nuhu, SP Bishmang","doi":"10.46912/jbrcp3i1.2020142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46912/jbrcp3i1.2020142","url":null,"abstract":"Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS) protocols aim to provide good trauma care by enhancing the skills of medical personnel all over the world and while this is well established in developed countries it does not appear to be so in developing countries. This study aims to assess the knowledge and proficiency in initial trauma management skills among health caregivers in some general/cottage hospitals in north central Nigeria. Questionnaires were developed to assess the knowledge and skills of care givers in airway management, respiratory distress and shock. The questionnaires were administered on caregivers involved in trauma care in some general/cottage hospitals that offer secondary care in a state in north-central Nigeria. There were 34 health workers who responded, 10 (29.41%) were doctors and 24(70.54%) were nurses. Their years of experience were from 2 to 35 years (median 14years). Ten (29.41%) had at least one training in ATLS in the past while 24(70.59%) had none. In assessing their management skills, 97.06% reported they were able to assess the airway, 88.24% could do chin lift, 73.53% jaw thrust while 91.18% were able to insert oral airway. Thirty-one (91.18%) were able to recognize respiratory distress, 88.24 were able to administer oxygen using facemask and 64.71% using nasal prong. Thirty (88.24%) could assess a patient for shock, 82.35% could splint fractures for haemorrhage control. Twenty-seven (79.41%) reported knowing parameters to monitor during resuscitation. We concluded that knowledge of airway management was high but proficiency and confidence in performing these skills were low.","PeriodicalId":301476,"journal":{"name":"Journal of BioMedical Research and Clinical Practice","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122393863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pattern of X-Ray Findings at 563 Nigeria Airforce Hospital, Jos 乔斯563尼日利亚空军医院的x线表现模式

Journal of BioMedical Research and Clinical Practice Pub Date : 2020-04-02 DOI: 10.46912/jbrcp.v3.i1.2020.140

A. Salaam, S. Danjem, A. Salaam, A. Tanko, EB Oyebola, Cu Ollawa, NB Sekat, H. Angba, E. Igoh, Gabkwet Ae, H. Kolade-Yunusa

引用次数: 0

Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio in Patients with End Stage Renal Disease in Benue State University Teaching Hospital, Makurdi, Nigeria 尼日利亚马库尔迪贝努埃州立大学教学医院终末期肾病患者的中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比率

Journal of BioMedical Research and Clinical Practice Pub Date : 2020-04-02 DOI: 10.46912/jbrcp3i1.2020138

M. Ogiator, J. E. Ojobi, O. Ijachi

{"title":"Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio in Patients with End Stage Renal Disease in Benue State University Teaching Hospital, Makurdi, Nigeria","authors":"M. Ogiator, J. E. Ojobi, O. Ijachi","doi":"10.46912/jbrcp3i1.2020138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46912/jbrcp3i1.2020138","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) leads to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and cardiovascular events. An important determinant of progression in CKD is chronic systemic inflammation which can be evaluated using the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR). We aimed to investigate the value of NLR in patients with ESRD compared with healthy subjects. This was a retrospective study that analyzed data from patients with end-stage renal disease and equal number of age and sex matched control (healthy subjects) seen at Benue State University Teaching Hospital Makurdi from October 1st, 2012 to 31st December 2015. Out of the 118 patients studied 70(59.3) were males while 48 (40.7) were females. The mean age of the study population was 45.9 ± 16.4. The mean NLR for patients with ESRD was 3.55± 4.01 while that of healthy subjects was 1.29± 0.25. The mean NLR for patients was 3.47±4.01 for males and 3.68±4.06 for females while for the healthy subjects the mean NLR was 1.30±0.27 for males 1.27±0.22 for females. This study revealed elevated NLR in patients with ESRD. NLR reflects systemic inflammation. The availability of this ratio (NLR) can help improve outcome of patients with CKD.","PeriodicalId":301476,"journal":{"name":"Journal of BioMedical Research and Clinical Practice","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129924287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Anorectal Malformations at a University Teaching Hospital in Southern Nigeria 尼日利亚南部一所大学教学医院的肛门直肠畸形

Journal of BioMedical Research and Clinical Practice Pub Date : 2020-04-02 DOI: 10.46912/jbrcp.136

C. Nwokoro, O. Fatungase, Ea Emmanuel, B. Salami, B. Ayoade, I. Ogundele, L. Amosu

{"title":"Anorectal Malformations at a University Teaching Hospital in Southern Nigeria","authors":"C. Nwokoro, O. Fatungase, Ea Emmanuel, B. Salami, B. Ayoade, I. Ogundele, L. Amosu","doi":"10.46912/jbrcp.136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46912/jbrcp.136","url":null,"abstract":"Ano-rectal malformations comprise a wide spectrum of diseases, which can affect males and females, and involve the distal anus and rectum as well as the urinary and genital tracts. The incidence, type or variety of malformations varies from one region or geographical location to another. Ano-rectal anomalies tend to be associated with other congenital anomalies. The aim of this study is to determine the incidence, presentation and types of ano-rectal malformations and their treatment outcome. It is a prospective observational study from March 2012 to February 2019. Information obtained from cases of ano-rectal anomalies who presented to our health institution during the study period was entered into a proforma. Relevant clinical information was obtained and documented in a structured proforma. A total of 60 patients were seen during the study period. Males were 35 (58.3%) while females were 25 (41.7%). Age at presentation ranged from 2 hours -15 years. High anomalies were seen in 34 (56.7%), low anomalies 18 (30%) and intermediate 8 (13.3%). Associated congenital anomalies were seen in 12 (20%) patients. 28 patients had the traditional three-stage procedure of initial colostomy, PSARP and colostomy closure while 13 patients had double staged procedure of initial colostomy and definitive surgery with colostomy closure at the same time. Fifteen (15) patients had single staged procedure (PSARP) without an initial colostomy. Three (3) patients are awaiting colostomy closure after definitive surgery. Post-Operative complications were seen in 16 patients. A mortality of 10 (16.7%) was observed.","PeriodicalId":301476,"journal":{"name":"Journal of BioMedical Research and Clinical Practice","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125979169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1