Zmogus ir Zodis最新文献

{"title":"Lenkų kalbos mokymo(si) perspektyvos Lietuvoje: poreikių analizė","authors":"Irena Masoit","doi":"10.15823/ZZ.2018.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15823/ZZ.2018.13","url":null,"abstract":"[full article and abstract in Lithuanian; abstract in English] Though the English language has been prevailing in the global world, the language policy of the Council of Europe has been promoting multilingualism. Attempts are made to establish possibilities of not only learning foreign languages but also those of other linguistic communities living in the same country. The aim of the article is to present the analysis of motives and needs of learning Polish in Lithuania considering the current situation. The conducted research is based on the data of the internet questionnaire collected from 78 individuals of different age, who have been learning Polish. Though philological studies of Polish as a foreign language are not very popular in Lithuania, a big number of Lithuanians tend to learn Polish in a nonformal way. The motives for learning this language are varied: professional, common-cultural and communicative ones.The most motivated group includes working people, who need Polish in their professional career. They can be considered as potential users of the internet learning platform under development because it is a form of learning that is most acceptable to them, combining contact classes with additional internet exercises. The main aim of learning indicated by all the respondents includes linguistic interaction in daily situations, which, in their opinion, can be achieved not only doing exercises that train abilities of language reception and production, but also gaining good awareness of structured grammar of a foreign language. Keywords: pluralingualism, language policy, Polish language, foreign language teaching, digital learning aids, learning methods, language skills. DOI:  https://doi.org/10.15823/zz.2018.13","PeriodicalId":30077,"journal":{"name":"Zmogus ir Zodis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67243629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pastabos apie Balio Sruogos laiškų rašybą ir kalbą","authors":"Aurimas Markevičius, Neringa Markevičienė","doi":"10.15823/ZZ.2018.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15823/ZZ.2018.12","url":null,"abstract":"[full article and abstract in Lithuanian; abstract in English] The language and spelling of fiction, scientific literature, journalism and other literature are usually edited in an exemplary manner. The true language of writers is well illustrated by the letters they wrote. The language of the letters of the Lithuanian literary classic Balys Sruoga is incredibly distant from the language of the works published. The letters are full of various types of mistakes. Long and short vowels are confused, nasal letters are very often left out in accusative singular and genitive plural cases, in singular and plural endings of nominative cases of active participles, in the roots of verbs, as well as there are incorrectly written forms where there is consonant assimilation. The causes of mistakes are different. At the beginning of the 20th century, the spelling of the Lithuanian language was not yet properly standardized. But the main reason was that B. Sruoga did not study at any Lithuanian school. The writer graduated from Panevėžys Realschool, where all the subjects were taught in Russian. Later on, he studied at the universities of Petrograd, Moscow, and Munich. Mistakes are made due to his inaccuracy, as well as for psychological reasons. In the letters where the author complains of a bad mood, tells about disasters or failures he has experienced, there are usually numerous mistakes. B. Sruoga’s letters contain poems or their insertions, some letters exist as separate texts of fiction. The writer is much more focused on the intense search for stylistic variants rather than on spelling. Lithuanian writers often use dialect forms and words from their native dialects. B. Sruoga is unique in this regard. He uses not only his own, but also other forms of Lithuanian dialectal words, such as the illative case, the supine, the dual form of predicates and verbs, infinitive forms of dialect verbs, subjunctive and imperative mood forms, and others. The letters in question employ a large number of foreign words (mainly Slavisms), especially literally translated Slavic constructions. Keywords: Balys Sruoga, ego documents, orthography, dialectal elements, barbarisms, neologisms. DOI:  https://doi.org/10.15823/zz.2018.12","PeriodicalId":30077,"journal":{"name":"Zmogus ir Zodis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67243977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Šiaurinių panevėžiškių patarmės daiktavardžio morfologinio proceso natūralumas","authors":"Rasa Kurkauskienė","doi":"10.15823/ZZ.2018.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15823/ZZ.2018.11","url":null,"abstract":"[full article and abstract in Lithuanian; abstract in English] In the Northern Panevėžiskiai subdialect, the forms, which are maximally or minimally iconic in the subdialect under analysis, dominate in the plural paradigms of all stems. The dative and instrumental are maximally iconic in the masculine plural declension (a, a2, u stems) paradigm, whereas in the case of the feminine declension (ā, ē stems), all the cases in the plural, with the exception of the genitive, are maximally iconic. Other cases of the plural paradigm of these declension types are minimally iconic (the nominative and genitive in the masculine declension and only the genitive in the feminine declension) or non-iconic at all (only the genitive plural of the masculine declension type falls into this category). The dative plural and the instrumental plural of the mixed declension if inflectional class are maximally iconic; the genitive case is counter-iconic and the remaining nominative and accusative cases are non-iconic at all. In the Northern Panevėžiskiai subdialect if stem nouns of barytonic accentuation have most of syncretic cases (seven singular case forms have four different endings, while six plural case forms have three different endings). The a2, ā, ā and ē stem nouns have a comparatively high number of syncretic singular forms (seven singular case forms each have four different endings). a and u stems stand out from others by their lowest number of syncretic forms (both in the singular and plural paradigms). In summary, the subdialect of Northern Panevėžiskiai is dominated by three declension types: masculine (a, a2, u stem nouns), feminine (ā, ā, ē stem nouns) and mixed (im, if, Cm, Cf stem nouns). The comparison of the paradigms of inflectional forms has shown that compared to the standard language, there are far more syncretised cases, non-iconic, and counter-iconic forms in the Northern Panevėžiskiai subdialect. It gives rise to the tendency of shifting from three (masculine, feminine and mixed) to two (masculine and feminine) declension types. Keywords: Northern Panevėžiskiai subdialect, natural morphology, constructive iconicity of case forms, vertical (form) syncretism, horizontal (infl ectional) syncretism. DOI:  https://doi.org/10.15823/zz.2018.11","PeriodicalId":30077,"journal":{"name":"Zmogus ir Zodis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67243856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Socialinių ir technologijos mokslų bakalauro darbų kalbos ypatybės","authors":"Eglė Gudavičienė","doi":"10.15823/ZZ.2018.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15823/ZZ.2018.9","url":null,"abstract":"[straipsnis ir santrauka lietuvių kalba; santrauka anglų kalba] Straipsnyje analizuojamas bakalauro darbų žodynas ir frazės. Aptariamos mokslo tekstų ypatybės ir bakalauro darbų žanras. Straipsnyje lyginant dviejų mokslo sricių – socialinių ir technologijos mokslų – bakalauro darbus aiskinamasi, kokie žodžiai yra bendri, ar vienodas jų dažnumas, kokias leksines samplaikas ir frazes sudaro tyrimui pasirinkti bendri žodžiai. Lyginant žodyną matyti, kad bendrų žodžių aktualumas skirtingų mokslų bakalauro darbuose labai nevienodas. Leksinių samplaikų su bendrais žodžiais tyrimas platesniame kontekste rodo, kad, nors bakalauro darbų žanras ir tas pats, darbų fraziskumas, frazių įvairovė ir frazių variantai skiriasi atskirų mokslo sricių tekstuose. Technologijos mokslų bakalauro darbuose frazių įvairovė ir variantiskumas mažesni, frazės pastovesnės, o socialiniuose moksluose priesingai – frazės su bendrais žodžiais yra įvairesnės, joms būdingas didesnis variantiskumas. Esminiai žodžiai: bakalauro darbas, mokslo kalba, bendri žodžiai, leksinė samplaika, frazės. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15823/zz.2018.9","PeriodicalId":30077,"journal":{"name":"Zmogus ir Zodis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67245433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Memory Narratives about the Post-War","authors":"Rita Tūtlytė","doi":"10.15823/zz.2018.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15823/zz.2018.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":30077,"journal":{"name":"Zmogus ir Zodis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67243783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Search of Jonas Juškaitisʼs Poetry Code","authors":"Džiuljeta Maskuliūnienė","doi":"10.15823/ZZ.2018.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15823/ZZ.2018.8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":30077,"journal":{"name":"Zmogus ir Zodis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67245248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rewriting History in Kostas Ostrauskas’s Plays","authors":"Reda Pabarčienė","doi":"10.15823/ZZ.2018.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15823/ZZ.2018.3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":30077,"journal":{"name":"Zmogus ir Zodis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67244862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pierre Bourdieu’s Theory and Studies of the Soviet Lithuanian Literary Field","authors":"S. Vasiliauskas","doi":"10.15823/zz.2018.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15823/zz.2018.7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":30077,"journal":{"name":"Zmogus ir Zodis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48013830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Encircled by Autobiographical Data: A Sentimental Novel, Childhood Years of Grandson Bagrov by S. T. Aksakov","authors":"Joanna Czurak","doi":"10.15823/ZZ.2018.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15823/ZZ.2018.4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":30077,"journal":{"name":"Zmogus ir Zodis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67244999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Great War (1914-1918) in Lithuanian Memoirs: Memory Discourses, the Case for Independence and the Forgetfulness","authors":"Eugenijus Žmuida","doi":"10.15823/ZZ.2018.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15823/ZZ.2018.2","url":null,"abstract":"Anotacija. Straipsnyje, remiantis istoriniais ir memuariniais šaltiniais, aptariami XX amžiaus pirmųjų dešimtmečių istoriniai įvykiai (1904–1905 ir 1914–1918), lėmę lietuvių politinės tautos ir savarankiškos valstybės atsiradimą, pristatoma memuarinė literatūra, susijusi su tų metų atmintimi, reprezentuojanti skirtingas perspektyvas. Prasidėjęs Didysis karas sustiprino jau puoselėtas viltis siekti autonominės nepriklausomybės, o karui baigiantis – politinės. Apie karo ir nepriklausomybės kovų laikotarpį memuarus paliko žymiausios to laikotarpio politikos ir kultūros asmenybės. Memuarinės literatūros spektras atveria plačią ir įvairią istorinių įvykių ir asmeninių išgyvenimų panoramą, užfiksuotą įvairiausiomis atminties formomis, tačiau vėliau ji buvo nustelbiama kitų įvykių, sąmoningai slopinama ir išsitrynė iš kolektyvinės bei kultūrinės tautos atminties. Straipsnyje, remiantis metodologinėmis atminties diskursų sampratomis (Maurice’o Halbwachso, Jano Assmanno, Aleidos Assmann ir kitų), chronologiniu ir geografiniu aspektais apžvelgiamas su Didžiojo karo metais susijęs memuarinės literatūros palikimas, keliamas tikslas grąžinti jį į istorinės ir kultūrinės atminties akiratį, analizuojama atminties vs. užmaršties, kaip politinių ir socialinių konstruktų, sąveika XX amžiaus istorijos kataklizmų kontekste.","PeriodicalId":30077,"journal":{"name":"Zmogus ir Zodis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67244340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}