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Theory and Practice of Forensic Science最新文献

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Pragmatic Analysis of Ambiguity as Part of Forensic Linguistic Examination of Texts on Cases Related to Countering Extremism 反极端案件文本司法语言学研究中歧义的语用分析
Theory and Practice of Forensic Science Pub Date : 2023-01-25 DOI: 10.30764/1819-2785-2022-4-88-93
O. V. Kozhara
{"title":"Pragmatic Analysis of Ambiguity as Part of Forensic Linguistic Examination of Texts on Cases Related to Countering Extremism","authors":"O. V. Kozhara","doi":"10.30764/1819-2785-2022-4-88-93","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30764/1819-2785-2022-4-88-93","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":300595,"journal":{"name":"Theory and Practice of Forensic Science","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122060637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Issues of Forensic Environmental Assessment of Water Bodies Damage Compensation from an Oil Spill 溢油水体损害赔偿的法医学环境评估问题
Theory and Practice of Forensic Science Pub Date : 2023-01-25 DOI: 10.30764/1819-2785-2022-4-80-87
K. Krutikova
{"title":"Issues of Forensic Environmental Assessment of Water Bodies Damage Compensation from an Oil Spill","authors":"K. Krutikova","doi":"10.30764/1819-2785-2022-4-80-87","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30764/1819-2785-2022-4-80-87","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":300595,"journal":{"name":"Theory and Practice of Forensic Science","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130384399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Application of the Method of Frustrated Total Internal Reflection of Infrared Spectroscopy to the Jewelry Stones Diagnosis 红外光谱受挫全反射法在珠宝宝石诊断中的应用
Theory and Practice of Forensic Science Pub Date : 2023-01-24 DOI: 10.30764/1819-2785-2022-4-18-23
V. Bulanov, I. Kazantseva
{"title":"Application of the Method of Frustrated Total Internal Reflection of Infrared Spectroscopy to the Jewelry Stones Diagnosis","authors":"V. Bulanov, I. Kazantseva","doi":"10.30764/1819-2785-2022-4-18-23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30764/1819-2785-2022-4-18-23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":300595,"journal":{"name":"Theory and Practice of Forensic Science","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122281379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Water Transport as an Object of Forensic Vehicle Examination 水运作为法医车辆检验的对象
Theory and Practice of Forensic Science Pub Date : 2022-10-30 DOI: 10.30764/1819-2785-2022-3-87-93
N. Il’in
{"title":"Water Transport as an Object of Forensic Vehicle Examination","authors":"N. Il’in","doi":"10.30764/1819-2785-2022-3-87-93","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30764/1819-2785-2022-3-87-93","url":null,"abstract":"Investigation of traffic accidents and crimes is never complete without the application of specialized knowledge. Particularly, this applies to those events in which water transport appears. Existing modern educational and scientific works in the field are associated mainly with road accidents, as well as with the use of specialized knowledge of automotive technology in establishing the circumstances to be proved.The article addresses the main problematic issues arising from the application of the specialized knowledge in the investigation of violations of traffic safety rules and the operation of water transport which are organizational difficulties in finding institutions and specialists conducting research in the field of navigation and merchant shipping, the evaluation of the results of such studies on their compliance with the Code of Criminal Procedure of Russia. Based on the analysis of current legislation, scientific sources, as well as investigative and judicial practice, the author considers the issue of the concept of «water transport» as an object of research within the framework of forensic vehicle examination.","PeriodicalId":300595,"journal":{"name":"Theory and Practice of Forensic Science","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126519434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Forensic Handwriting Analysis by Digital Photographic Copies of Documents (Part 2) 利用数码相片分析文件的法证笔迹(第二部分)
Theory and Practice of Forensic Science Pub Date : 2022-10-30 DOI: 10.30764/1819-2785-2022-3-94-103
M. Zhizhina
{"title":"Forensic Handwriting Analysis by Digital Photographic Copies of Documents (Part 2)","authors":"M. Zhizhina","doi":"10.30764/1819-2785-2022-3-94-103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30764/1819-2785-2022-3-94-103","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of the second stage of the development of methodological guidelines for the forensic handwriting research of handwriting objects in digital copies of documents. This publication is a continuation of the article from 2020 [1].The author discusses some technological aspects of digital photographing and scanning, as well as technical characteristics of a digital photograph (scan), offers general conceptual clarifications related to the study of handwriting implementations in digital copies of documents; defines the qualitative characteristics of handwriting objects that determine the admissibility of handwriting research and presenting efficient conclusions; lists the factors reducing the quality indicators of digital images, and signs pointing to them; proposes the rules and conditions for digital copying of documents for the most optimal quality of handwriting objects in order to conduct identification and diagnostic studies; considers the algorithms of actions for a handwriting expert when working with images of digital handwriting objects submitted for research in the form of a computer file.","PeriodicalId":300595,"journal":{"name":"Theory and Practice of Forensic Science","volume":"128 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133671078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Principles of Forensic Linguistic Research “法律语言学研究原理”
Theory and Practice of Forensic Science Pub Date : 2022-10-30 DOI: 10.30764/1819-2785-2022-3-80-86
V. O. Kuznetsov
{"title":"Principles of Forensic Linguistic Research","authors":"V. O. Kuznetsov","doi":"10.30764/1819-2785-2022-3-80-86","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30764/1819-2785-2022-3-80-86","url":null,"abstract":"The article reviews the key principles of the forensic linguistic research conducted within the framework of forensic linguistics: linguistic, author’s, forensic analysis of video and sound recordings and examination of intellectual property objects. They are the principles of objectivity, comprehensiveness and completeness of the study, consistency, scientific validity, necessity and sufficiency, verifiability, criteria orientation, accessibility of the description of study process and results. It has been shown that the listed principles represent the guiding ideas, attitudes applied by an expert linguist when con[1]ducting expert activities.","PeriodicalId":300595,"journal":{"name":"Theory and Practice of Forensic Science","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121548249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Possibilities of Applying the ILAC-G19:06/2022 Manual “Modules in the Forensic Process” to Improve Forensic Activities 应用ILAC-G19:06/2022手册“法医过程中的模块”改进法医活动的可能性
Theory and Practice of Forensic Science Pub Date : 2022-10-30 DOI: 10.30764/1819-2785-2022-3-70-79
G. G. Omelyanyuk, E. Chesnokova, B. M. Bishmanov
{"title":"Possibilities of Applying the ILAC-G19:06/2022 Manual “Modules in the Forensic Process” to Improve Forensic Activities","authors":"G. G. Omelyanyuk, E. Chesnokova, B. M. Bishmanov","doi":"10.30764/1819-2785-2022-3-70-79","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30764/1819-2785-2022-3-70-79","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers the possibilities of applying the ILAC–G19:06/2022 Manual (hereinafter referred to as the Manual) in forensic activities, which presents the specifics of the accreditation of forensic organizations as required by GOST ISO/IEC 17025-2019 “General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories”. The following scientific methods have been used in the study: dialectical, observation, description, comparison, analysis and synthesis, classification. A comparative analysis of the Guidelines in the 2014 and 2022 editions has been carried out. The authors have revealed the need for studying methodological recommendations reflecting the modules of the forensic expert process, contributing to the correct and accurate application of the requirements of GOST ISO/IEC 17025-2019 in the accreditation of forensic expert organizations in the Eurasian area. They also describe risk handling procedures in forensic expert activities and their impact on improving the efficiency of forensic expert processes.","PeriodicalId":300595,"journal":{"name":"Theory and Practice of Forensic Science","volume":"243 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115110201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
On the Main Terms of the Forensic Psychological Analysis of Information Materials
Theory and Practice of Forensic Science Pub Date : 2022-10-29 DOI: 10.30764/1819-2785-2022-3-40-50
T. N. Sekerazh
{"title":"On the Main Terms of the Forensic Psychological Analysis of Information Materials","authors":"T. N. Sekerazh","doi":"10.30764/1819-2785-2022-3-40-50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30764/1819-2785-2022-3-40-50","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of the development of the main terms of the forensic psychological analysis of information materials. At the current stage the author suggests the definitions of twelve terms, including the subject of this type of examination, its object, tasks, and methods. She also defines “information materials” as a collective, generalized concept of the forensic psychological analysis of information materials. It is shown that the new direction of forensic psychology is a continuation of its traditional areas related to the study of living persons and post-mortem (absentee) studies, as well as the reliance on the forensic expertology is justified.The article is the first in the series of works on the unification of the terms and definitions of the forensic psychological analysis of information materials. The author invites the expert community to a discussion to develop the most correct definitions of the main terms of this type of examination for their subsequent standardization.","PeriodicalId":300595,"journal":{"name":"Theory and Practice of Forensic Science","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125103949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
NIR Spectroscopy with Application of Chemometric Algorithms in Forensic Wood Analysis 近红外光谱及其化学计量算法在法医木材分析中的应用
Theory and Practice of Forensic Science Pub Date : 2022-10-29 DOI: 10.30764/1819-2785-2022-3-18-25
A. Khokh, P. Voskanyan, A. Petrosyan
{"title":"NIR Spectroscopy with Application of Chemometric Algorithms in Forensic Wood Analysis","authors":"A. Khokh, P. Voskanyan, A. Petrosyan","doi":"10.30764/1819-2785-2022-3-18-25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30764/1819-2785-2022-3-18-25","url":null,"abstract":"The article addresses practical aspects of applying the spectroscopy in the near infrared region method when conducting forensic examinations of wood. Based on the obtained results, it has been concluded that the NIR spectra can be used as an informative indicator to determine the species of woody plants, as well as to track the origin of timber and to detect the facts of illegal logging. The authors demonstrate the possibility of interpreting the obtained spectral data using formal independent class analogy modeling and discriminant analysis of projections onto latent structures. They have also built stable workable classification models to differentiate Dipteryx odorata (Cumaru) and Dipteryx panamensis (Cumarurana), as well as common hornbeam (Carpinus betulus) of various geographical origin.","PeriodicalId":300595,"journal":{"name":"Theory and Practice of Forensic Science","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132894124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Forensic Gait Study 法医步态研究
Theory and Practice of Forensic Science Pub Date : 2022-10-29 DOI: 10.30764/1819-2785-2022-3-26-39
S. Petrov
{"title":"Forensic Gait Study","authors":"S. Petrov","doi":"10.30764/1819-2785-2022-3-26-39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30764/1819-2785-2022-3-26-39","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses the problems of forensic identification of a person by gait on video recordings.The author presents a brief review of the current state of domestic and foreign practice of expert identification of a person by gait, he also analyzes the basic provisions and methods of forensic identification of a person by signs of appearance from critical positions.He also reviews a set of gait parameters studied in biomechanics, considers the possibility of identifying these parameters on random video recordings and the capabilities of using the detected parameters as identification features.The basic principles of biometric gait identification have also been studied in the article; the description of the main gait models used in biometrics have been given.Based on the analysis of various identification features, a proposal has been put forward to develop a system of qualitative and quantitative gait signs, which will allow the use of both visual and instrumental methods of analysis for research; the choice of a particular method depends on the quality of the video recordings under study.","PeriodicalId":300595,"journal":{"name":"Theory and Practice of Forensic Science","volume":"426 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127605100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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