PSN: Comparative Political Institutions & Development (Topic)最新文献_第3页

A Comprehensive Evaluation Framework on the Economic Performance of State-Owned Enterprises 国有企业经济绩效的综合评价框架

PSN: Comparative Political Institutions & Development (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-05-10 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3470065

Farhad Taghizadeh‐Hesary, N. Yoshino, C. Kim, Aline Mortha

{"title":"A Comprehensive Evaluation Framework on the Economic Performance of State-Owned Enterprises","authors":"Farhad Taghizadeh‐Hesary, N. Yoshino, C. Kim, Aline Mortha","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3470065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3470065","url":null,"abstract":"State-owned enterprises (SOEs) play a key role in the economy of many countries. They are usually thought to be in charge of increasing social welfare. At the same time, their relatively low performance poses several problems, including slowing down economic growth, which is especially pronounced in countries where these firms represent a large share of the economy. Therefore, it is crucial for central governments to implement a comprehensive evaluation method to assess the performance of SOEs. By employing the principal component analysis technique and using data of 1,148 SOEs, mostly from European countries, we provide a more comprehensive framework for assessing SOE performance, which includes various factors: profitability, per capita productivity, per capita costs, debt due days, and solvency. The results of our empirical study show that solvency, per capita costs, and per employee productivity have more deterministic power over the success or failure of SOEs than profitability. Focusing on profitability as the sole assessment criterion will mislead policy makers, keeping in mind also that the nature of many SOEs is to generate social welfare and not profit.","PeriodicalId":300478,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Comparative Political Institutions & Development (Topic)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127981204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 14

Institutional Shocks and Proximate Causes of Growth: Evidence From the Era of French Rule in Italy 制度冲击和增长的直接原因:来自法国统治意大利时期的证据

PSN: Comparative Political Institutions & Development (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-04-30 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3380469

M. Postigliola, M. Rota

引用次数: 0

Diffuse Responsibility Undermines Public Oversight: A Field Experiment at Bwindi National Park, Uganda 分散责任破坏公众监督:乌干达布温迪国家公园的实地实验

PSN: Comparative Political Institutions & Development (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-03-22 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3371189

Mark T. Buntaine, B. Daniels

{"title":"Diffuse Responsibility Undermines Public Oversight: A Field Experiment at Bwindi National Park, Uganda","authors":"Mark T. Buntaine, B. Daniels","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3371189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3371189","url":null,"abstract":"Bureaucratic corruption persists in many settings because responsibility for public projects is diffuse, as is responsibility for oversight. We hypothesized that the dissemination of citizen monitoring in ways that give individual authorities specific knowledge of mismanagement would improve the delivery of public projects by activating specific responsibility to correct problems. Working with the Uganda Wildlife Authority, we implemented a field experiment that involved citizen monitoring of a national park revenue-sharing program and the delivery of reports about the implementation status of community projects to the highest-ranking administrative official responsible for oversight. Counter to our expectations, we did not find evidence that the dissemination of reports improved the delivery of revenue-sharing projects. Follow-up interviews found that the targeted officials did not use the information and perhaps even actively disregarded reports to avoid specific responsibility. However, the treatment also provided information to citizens about what they should expect, which instigated several public claims for accountability that officials could not ignore, prompting more aggressive oversight. Based on this alternative channel, we conclude that anti-corruption initiatives based on citizen monitoring need to make specific responsibility unavoidable for relevant officials, but that the strategies for promoting specific responsibility need further consideration.","PeriodicalId":300478,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Comparative Political Institutions & Development (Topic)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115823345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Effects of Institutional Quality on Formal and Informal Borrowing Across High-, Middle-, and Low-Income Countries 制度质量对高、中、低收入国家正式和非正式借贷的影响

PSN: Comparative Political Institutions & Development (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-03-19 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3355247

Lan Chu Khanh

引用次数: 0

U.S. Presidential Cycles and the Foreign Exchange Market 美国总统周期和外汇市场

PSN: Comparative Political Institutions & Development (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-03-18 DOI: 10.1002/RFE.1061

Samar Ashour, David A. Rakowski, Salil K. Sarkar

引用次数: 1

Valuing Peace: The Effects of Financial Market Exposure on Votes and Political Attitudes 重视和平:金融市场风险对投票和政治态度的影响

PSN: Comparative Political Institutions & Development (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-02-24 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2716660

Saumitra Jha, Moses Shayo

引用次数: 37

To Be and How Not to Be: The Challenges of Nation-Building in Nigeria 生存与毁灭:尼日利亚国家建设的挑战

PSN: Comparative Political Institutions & Development (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-02-17 DOI: 10.24269/ARS.V7I2.1575

Adewunmi James Falode

{"title":"To Be and How Not to Be: The Challenges of Nation-Building in Nigeria","authors":"Adewunmi James Falode","doi":"10.24269/ARS.V7I2.1575","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24269/ARS.V7I2.1575","url":null,"abstract":"The work is the analysis of both the various nation-building challenges that have confronted Nigeria since independence and the possible ways the country can overcome them. The dream of Nigeria since independence in 1960 is to turn itself into a viable and cohesive nation. This has become an impossible dream however due to a myriad of challenges. Nigeria is a multi-ethnic society with over 250 ethnic groups. Each of these ethnic groups also have religious and economic issues that separates them from one another. Nigeria’s diversity has been a major obstacle in its drive to become a global and responsible player in the international community. By using the qualitative research methodology, the work identified various challenges, such as corruption, autarky, governance and distribution that have been the major barriers to the creation of a viable polity. The style used in the study is also historical, descriptive and analytical. Crucially, the study also used the concept of nation-building as its Theoretical Framework. This has made it possible for the work to highlight and posit specific pragmatic and logical ways Nigeria can overcome its nation-building challenges and emerge a viable, cohesive and functional polity in the 21st century.","PeriodicalId":300478,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Comparative Political Institutions & Development (Topic)","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114663640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Political Instability and Seigniorage: An Inseparable Couple — or a Threesome with Debt? 政治不稳定与铸币税:不可分割的一对，还是负债的三重奏?

PSN: Comparative Political Institutions & Development (Topic) Pub Date : 2018-10-28 DOI: 10.1111/roie.12379

F. Bohn

引用次数: 2

Flashpoints in Zimbabwe Elections: The Local and Regional Implications 津巴布韦选举的爆发点:地方和区域影响

PSN: Comparative Political Institutions & Development (Topic) Pub Date : 2018-09-18 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3251304

Dr. Thomas Otieno Juma (PhD)

引用次数: 0

Rentier States, International Finance, and Governance 食利国、国际金融与治理

PSN: Comparative Political Institutions & Development (Topic) Pub Date : 2018-08-25 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3284717

J. Mahon

{"title":"Rentier States, International Finance, and Governance","authors":"J. Mahon","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3284717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3284717","url":null,"abstract":"The political-science literature is divided on the relationship between resource rents and politics. This may be related to its narrow focus on democracy and on the domestic influences upon governance outcomes. This paper argues that rents are in fact damaging, on balance, but that we need to look at political outcomes beyond democracy while taking account of international causal pathways as well as domestic ones. It also uses the new ICTD dataset while employing regressions with unit fixed effects to avoid omitted-variable bias, The analysis yields two main results. First, a “resource curse” on governance does exist, but in the short term it has more to do with state capacity, corruption, and economic freedom than with democracy or civil liberties. Second, it appears that many of the negative effects of resource abundance are associated with the relaxation of the foreign-exchange constraint — that is, we see them on the current account balance variable more often than on the rents variables. In regressions with five-year lags, the current-account balance appears to constitute the dominant negative influence on democracy and civil liberties — although these effects are not robust to changes in lag length. The main results hold for two measures of resource rents and are robust to the exclusion of observations from the Middle East and North Africa, or observations prior to 1981, and to a “difference GMM” dynamic panel-data analysis.","PeriodicalId":300478,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Comparative Political Institutions & Development (Topic)","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126909903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0