Silvia Esteban-Febres, Santos Guzmán-Gamarra, Melisa La Cunza-Peña, Yovana Quispe-Gutiérrez
{"title":"Psychological distress of inmates at a women's prison in Lima after the first wave of COVID-19 in November 2020.","authors":"Silvia Esteban-Febres, Santos Guzmán-Gamarra, Melisa La Cunza-Peña, Yovana Quispe-Gutiérrez","doi":"10.18176/resp.00068","DOIUrl":"10.18176/resp.00068","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Obtectives: </strong>A descriptive study was carried out to establish the levels of psychological distress amongst female inmates at a high-security prison in Lima in November 2020, after the first wave of COVID-19.</p><p><strong>Material and method: </strong>The Brief Symptoms Inventory-18 (BSI-18) was applied to a representative sample of 314 female inmates who agreed to participate in the study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results showed that 34.6% of the inmates could be considered as cases of psychological distress. Moreover, the depression subscale had the highest score, followed by the anxiety and the somatisation subscales. The most prevalent symptom was \"feeling blue\".</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The prevalence of distress symptoms was analyzed, taking into account the effects of the first wave of COVID-19, the suspension of family visits, the restriction of treatment and leisure activities, etc. Gender aspects were also taken into consideration.</p>","PeriodicalId":30044,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Sanidad Penitenciaria","volume":"25 2","pages":"57-61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/e5/dc/2013-6463-sanipe-25-02-57.PMC10366706.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10319211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sofía Victoria Casado-Hoces, Patricia Inglada-Infante, Isabel Algora-Donoso, Delia González-Tejedor
{"title":"Interstitial glucose monitoring in people with diabetes.","authors":"Sofía Victoria Casado-Hoces, Patricia Inglada-Infante, Isabel Algora-Donoso, Delia González-Tejedor","doi":"10.18176/resp.00071","DOIUrl":"10.18176/resp.00071","url":null,"abstract":"Devices are now available that continuously measure the interstitial glucose of persons with diabetes. They have been shown to have a very positive impact on metabolic control of the disease, with blood sugar within acceptable ranges for a longer period and a significant reduction of low blood glucose, which makes for greater patient safety and comfort1-4. These monitors are included in the service portfolio of the National Health System in Spain, and are currently financed for patients with type 1 diabetes5, type 2 diabetes6 and other insulin-dependent patients (monogenetic diabetes, cystic fibrosis, pancreoprivic diabetes and hemochromatosis), as long as they are receiving intensive insulin therapy and require more than 6 finger pricks a day. Figure 2. Sensor of flash monitoring system","PeriodicalId":30044,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Sanidad Penitenciaria","volume":"25 2","pages":"80-83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/e4/93/2013-6463-sanipe-25-02-80.PMC10366708.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10319213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Factors associated with sexually transmitted diseases amongst female prison inmates in Peru.","authors":"Roberto Carrasco-Navarro, Claudia Ríos-Cataño","doi":"10.18176/resp.00069","DOIUrl":"10.18176/resp.00069","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Obtectives: </strong>The number of women in prison is rapidly increasing every year and it is important to establish what factors are related to the probability of presenting STDs in this population to enable health control policies to be established.</p><p><strong>Material and method: </strong>An analysis was carried out on the open database of the national prison population survey conducted in 2016 in all Peruvian prisons. The study was based on the census and all female and male adults in prison were surveyed using a validated questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The sample consisted of 4,574 inmates in 67 institutions, covering 98.8% of the inmate population. It was found that presenting tuberculosis (PR: 2.64; CI 95%, 1.32-5.26), HIV/AIDS (PR 6.54, CI 95% 1.52-28.18), hepatitis (PR: 4.01; CI 95%, 1.23-13.11) and drug use (PR: 2.44; CI 95%, 1.32-4.52), are statistically related (P ≤0.05) are factors associated with the presence of STDs in the multivariate model with a P ≤0.05.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The inclusion of associated factors (tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS, hepatitis and drug use) should be part of the strategy to control and treat STD in women's prisons in Peru.</p>","PeriodicalId":30044,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Sanidad Penitenciaria","volume":"25 2","pages":"62-69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/e0/b2/2013-6463-sanipe-25-02-62.PMC10366705.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10319215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Burnout and habits harmful to the health of employees in the Argentine federal prison service.","authors":"Exequiel Nicolas Soza, Pablo Domingo Depaula","doi":"10.18176/resp.00067","DOIUrl":"10.18176/resp.00067","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Given that psychosocial risks may be sources of stress at work and also encourage the presence of burnout, members of state security services are likely to present high levels of this syndrome.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To describe the prevalence and relationship between burnout and unhealthy habits amongst workers of the Argentine Federal Prison Service (SPF).</p><p><strong>Material and method: </strong>An ex post-facto study was carried out with descriptive, cross-sectional, comparative and comparative analyses. We used the Spanish adaptations of the Maslach Burnout Inventory MBI-HSS (Maslach and Jackson, 1986), the Test For Nicotine Dependence (Fagerström, 1978) and the Body Mass Index in 151 prison officers (88 men and 63 women of 22 to 52 years).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of burnout was 6.62%, while the results for dimensions were: smoking 37.09%, passive smoking 70.20%, overweight 45.03% and obesity 44.37%. The dimensions of burnout showed that differences between groups indicate a higher level of emotional exhaustion in treatment and treatment functions, passive smokers and those who consume less fruit and vegetables on a weekly basis. There was greater depersonalization in subjects that are currently smoking. There was lower personal fulfillment in obese people, passive smokers, current smokers, moderate level smokers, those who consume less fruit and vegetables every week and those with obesity.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Smoking and high body mass index and links with eating habits are factors that may negatively affect the health and wellbeing of prison officers in terms of personal accomplishment.</p>","PeriodicalId":30044,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Sanidad Penitenciaria","volume":"25 2","pages":"45-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/39/99/2013-6463-sanipe-25-02-45.PMC10366710.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10337047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Smoking, prisons and human rights.","authors":"Ahmad Khalaf","doi":"10.18176/resp.00066","DOIUrl":"10.18176/resp.00066","url":null,"abstract":"43 Rev Esp Sanid Penit. 2023;25(2):43-44 doi: 10.18176/resp.00066 The smoking pandemic is an international health problem that affects approximately 1.3 billion people according to the World Health Organisation (WHO). It is a pandemic that we ourselves have created, and it has led to devastating medical, social, economic and environmental consequences, while also placing obstacles in the path of sustainable development. Smoking is defined as a chronic, addictive and relapsing disease, which generates other chronic diseases, some of which are considered to be primary causes of mortality. Tobacco is a psychoactive substance that is addictive and conflictive, and which causes direct, cultural and structural violence. It is the cause of premature death for about 8 million people a year, 60,000 of whom are Spanish. Many of these victims live in mid and low income countries. 11.5% of global mortalities can be attributed to its effects1. The prevalence of smoking amongst prison inmates is about 70%, while prison staff are twice as likely to smoke as members of the general public, with the added aggravating effect of being passive smokers. More than 14.5 million people in prisons smoke every year around the world2. There are currently about 46,000 inmates in Spanish prisons, of whom 3,500 are women, with an average age of between 40 and 41 years, 75% of whom are Spanish. The prevalence of smoking in prisons is 74.4% amongst men and 67.4% amongst women, just under double the figures for the general public in Spain. Tobacco is by far the legal or illegal drug most commonly consumed by the inmate population3. Although prisons are punitive spaces, it should not be forgotten that their main objectives are reeducation and social reintegration. They also fulfil an important role in public health through their work in health restoration, prevention and promotion, and by implementing healthy habits and reducing high-risk ones amongst inmates. It is a well known fact that “prison health is public health”4. Smoking cessation is not easy, but it is not impossible. It is a decision made by the smoker, in the exercise of their personal autonomy, and external help is usually required. Inmates do try to give up smoking, as do those outside prison, and although it is more difficult for them than it might be for the general public, interventions to help incarcerated smokers have achieved notable levels of success5. In addition, prohibitions against smoking in prisons have been shown to improve air quality by notably reducing second-hand smoke6, which minimises the effects for passive smokers and benefits both inmates and the personnel that care for and attend them. Likewise, the implementation of smoke-free prison policies has increased the dispensation of nicotine substitute therapies, which implies an increase in abstinence, a decrease in smoking cessation habits, and fewer prescriptions for medications to treat smoking related problems, such as respiratory and cardiova","PeriodicalId":30044,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Sanidad Penitenciaria","volume":"25 2","pages":"43-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/60/47/2013-6463-sanipe-25-02-43.PMC10366707.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10319216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Iure de França, Larissa Monteiro, Bernardo Rodrigues, Ailton Melo
{"title":"Communication disorders in the correctional system: a systematic review.","authors":"Iure de França, Larissa Monteiro, Bernardo Rodrigues, Ailton Melo","doi":"10.18176/resp.00070","DOIUrl":"10.18176/resp.00070","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Obtectives: </strong>Good communication is essential for resolving social conflicts, especially in closed communities such as prisons. When communication is interrupted by factors such as hearing loss or difficulties in coordination, voice, language, fluency, or disruption of any of the biological systems required to communicate, Human Communication Disorders can appear. This review aimed to identify the most prevalent communication disorders amongst prison inmates.</p><p><strong>Material and method: </strong>Systematic review through databases of studies that analyze individual inmates with communication disorders over the last 38 years. After reading the titles and abstracts and applying the eligibility criteria, 25 articles were selected and included in the final review.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A sample of 2,188 individuals was evaluated, two studies were conducted with a female population only, while twelve studied exclusively males, and 11 articles had a mixed population. All the studies included evaluated language and communication disorders in general, with language impairment being more prevalent There are no English language studies evaluating language and communication disorders in incarcerated individuals from African countries, Latin America or Asia.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Inmates have a high prevalence of language and communication disorders, and thus end up being more vulnerable within the prison system. Speech therapists are important members of the legal workforce and improve the health, well-being and participation of people in contact with or at risk of contact with the judicial system through the prevention, early detection, assessment and treatment of communication disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":30044,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Sanidad Penitenciaria","volume":"25 2","pages":"70-79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ca/f0/2013-6463-sanipe-25-02-70.PMC10366709.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10319217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Juan Antonio González Gómez, Estefanía Márquez Martos, Jorge Juan Navas Morales, Santiago Domínguez Rosales, Irene Jado Gómez
{"title":"Self injury and the need to ask for help.","authors":"Juan Antonio González Gómez, Estefanía Márquez Martos, Jorge Juan Navas Morales, Santiago Domínguez Rosales, Irene Jado Gómez","doi":"10.18176/resp.00065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18176/resp.00065","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":30044,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Sanidad Penitenciaria","volume":"25 1","pages":"40-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/1f/62/2013-6463-sanipe-25-01-40.PMC10236910.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9751132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marc Peraire, Patricia Cantos, María Sampedro-Vidal, Lucía Bonet-Mora, Francisco Arnau-Peiró
{"title":"Characterization of autism spectrum disorder inside prison.","authors":"Marc Peraire, Patricia Cantos, María Sampedro-Vidal, Lucía Bonet-Mora, Francisco Arnau-Peiró","doi":"10.18176/resp.00064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18176/resp.00064","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by intolerance of change, empathy deficits, misunders- tandings, and emotional dysregulation. Core symptoms can determine criminal behaviour and subsequent interactions with the penal system. A significant presence of such symptoms is detected in forensic settings. The objective of this study is to analyze the characteristics of autism within the prison context, summarizing and updating the knowledge in this field.</p><p><strong>Material and method: </strong>Systematic review through databases on studies that analyze the socio-demographic, clinical, and judi- cial characteristics of prisoners diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Autistic traits constitute an independent risk factor for incarceration. Those inmates with autism spectrum disorder frequently present a psychiatric comorbidity, especially substance use disorder, psychotic disorders, and other neuro-develop- mental disorders. They are associated with a greater probability of self-harming thoughts and disruptive behaviours, which are not predicted by the usual evaluation tools.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Prisoners with autism spectrum disorder have a differential socio-demographic, clinical, and criminal profile. A specific approach that is different from the one provided for neurotypical prisoners should be offered to these inmates. In- frastructures should be adapted to reduce fragility, make the environment more flexible and specific methods for evaluation and treatment should be developed.</p>","PeriodicalId":30044,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Sanidad Penitenciaria","volume":"25 1","pages":"30-39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/a3/05/2013-6463-sanipe-25-01-30.PMC10236914.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9711528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Scientific assessment and balance of the 14th Congress and 21st Conference of the Spanish Society of Prison Health held at Jerez de la Frontera, Cadiz.","authors":"Esther Campo-Moneo, Francisco Téllez","doi":"10.18176/resp.00060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18176/resp.00060","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":30044,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Sanidad Penitenciaria","volume":"25 1","pages":"6-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/54/90/2013-6463-sanipe-25-01-6.PMC10236915.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9751130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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