EMJ Respiratory最新文献

{"title":"The Impact of Crisis on Healthcare","authors":"Natasha Meunier-McVey","doi":"10.33590/emjrespir/10073451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33590/emjrespir/10073451","url":null,"abstract":"IN THIS pertinent session, which took place on the second day of the European Respiratory Society (ERS) International Congress 2022, in Barcelona, Spain, experts discussed the impact of crisis on both healthcare providers and patients. Chaired by Anita Simonds, Emeritus Professor of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Imperial College London, UK, and Arzu Yorgancıoğlu, Professor and Head of the Department of Pulmonology at Celal Bayar University, Turkey, the session saw experts and patient representatives share their experiences following the crisis of the Ukraine war.","PeriodicalId":300382,"journal":{"name":"EMJ Respiratory","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129454261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review of the European Respiratory Society (ERS) International Congress 2022","authors":"Jaki Smith, Darcy Richards, Robin Stannard, Noémie Fouarge","doi":"10.33590/emjrespir/10061176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33590/emjrespir/10061176","url":null,"abstract":"PRESENTED in a hybrid format for the first time, this year’s European Respiratory Society (ERS) International Congress welcomed over 19,000 respiratory professionals, with over 10,000 attending in-person in Barcelona, Spain. Known for its stunning buildings, Barcelona is home to many unusual architectural wonders, including Antoni Gaudí’s Casa Batlló, which was classified as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2005. For those who could not attend personally, a panoramic view of the city could be seen behind the presenters in the studio.","PeriodicalId":300382,"journal":{"name":"EMJ Respiratory","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124425930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current Perspectives and Future Directions of Repeat Pulmonary Rehabilitation Programmes in People with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Narrative Review of the Literature","authors":"Renae J McNamara, Marita T Dale, L. Spencer","doi":"10.33590/emjrespir/10031579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33590/emjrespir/10031579","url":null,"abstract":"The benefits of pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) diminish over 12–24 months following programme completion. A repeat PR programme may potentially prevent or reverse this decline in gains and may provide additional benefits. The aim of this narrative review was to discuss the current available evidence regarding repeat PR programmes and provide perspectives on unresolved questions, future areas of inquiry, and suggestions for clinical practice. Randomised controlled trials showed PR repeated at 6, 12, or 24 months after the initial PR programme resulted in similar short-term improvements in exercise capacity and quality of life; however, they did not result in long-term benefits beyond 12–24 months. In uncontrolled studies, the improvements in exercise capacity achieved following repeat PR were of a smaller magnitude than after the initial PR programme, but the improvements were still clinically significant. There is limited evidence to guide the optimal timing and characteristics of a repeat PR programme, such as frequency, duration and content, as well as which patients may benefit. There are ethical factors to consider in offering repeat PR programmes, including availability and access, the impact on resources and capacity of PR programmes, and patient-related factors such as financial burden and difficulties with transport. Alternate means of delivering a repeat PR programme should be explored, especially with emerging evidence for home-based PR and telerehabilitation programmes. A modular approach to a repeat PR programme by offering only certain elements rather than a comprehensive programme may also address the aspects of access, resources, capacity, and patient burden.","PeriodicalId":300382,"journal":{"name":"EMJ Respiratory","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121667248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Re-IMAGinING the Pathway for Clinical Decision Making in Rare Lung Diseases: Moving Towards a United Vision","authors":"Nicola Humphry, D. Stolz, C. Strange, M. Wijsenbeek, Elizabeth Estes, G. Mcelvaney","doi":"10.33590/emjrespir/10197414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33590/emjrespir/10197414","url":null,"abstract":"This industry-supported symposium was held during the European Respiratory Society (ERS) International Congress and included presentations from several internationally renowned experts in rare lung diseases. The panel discussed the need to improve clinical decision making to expedite disease recognition, prognostic prediction, and early treatment in interstitial lung disease (ILD) and alpha 1 antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency-related chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).\u0000\u0000Daiana Stolz, Clinic for Pneumology, University Hospital Freiburg, Switzerland, and Marlies S. Wijsenbeek, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands, explained that although high-resolution CT (HRCT) scans may appear similar, ILD from different causes results in significantly different patient outcomes. Therefore, image analysis and the identification of sensitive and specific biomarkers are critical to improving diagnosis and monitoring treatment response and disease progression in ILD.\u0000\u0000Charlie Strange, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, USA, and Gerry McElvaney, Irish Centre for Genetic Lung Disease, Dublin, Ireland, described the variability in CT-based lung density measurements used to assess the progression of emphysema in patients with AAT deficiency. Clinical trial data indicate that accurate CT lung density measurements are superior to lung function measurements and other endpoints to detect disease progression. However, Strange presented data that showed the considerable impact of acute exacerbations of COPD on CT imaging measurements.\u0000\u0000One organisation working to improve the accuracy and value of imaging data in lung diseases is the Open Source Imaging Consortium (OSIC), Saugatuck, Michigan, USA. Elizabeth Estes, who works for OSIC, explained that OSIC aims to build a large, global database of anonymised patient data and CT images in ILD, with plans for future expansion into other rare lung diseases. The ultimate goals of this effort are to encourage collaboration, and to develop machine learning algorithms to improve clinical decision making in rare lung diseases.","PeriodicalId":300382,"journal":{"name":"EMJ Respiratory","volume":"184 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121185572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pollen Exposure Increases the Risk of Respiratory Symptoms in Infants: A Longitudinal Study","authors":"A. Gisler, M. Eeftens, K. de Hoogh, D. Vienneau, Y. Salem, S. Yammine, J. Jakob, O. Gorlanova, F. Decrue, R. Gehrig, U. Frey, P. Latzin, J. Usemann","doi":"10.33590/emjrespir/10075734","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33590/emjrespir/10075734","url":null,"abstract":"Exposure to pollen has been associated with an increased risk of respiratory symptoms in both allergic and nonallergic individuals. However, the association of pollen exposure with respiratory symptoms during infancy, a particularly vulnerable period for lung development, remains unclear. The goal of this study was to examine whether pollen exposure is associated with respiratory symptoms (cough, wheezing, and dyspnoea) during the first year of life and to test if maternal atopy, infant’s sex, and air pollution modify this association.","PeriodicalId":300382,"journal":{"name":"EMJ Respiratory","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129408018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surgical Management of Superior Sulcus Tumours: A 20-Year Experience of an Oncological Referral Centre","authors":"L. Spaggiari, L. Bertolaccini","doi":"10.33590/emjrespir/10072293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33590/emjrespir/10072293","url":null,"abstract":"The authors present a study that investigated the clinical features and therapy of superior sulcus non-small cell lung cancer during a 22-year period.","PeriodicalId":300382,"journal":{"name":"EMJ Respiratory","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132422752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Observational Study on Unique High Resolution Computed Tomography Pattern of Post-COVID Pulmonary Fibrosis","authors":"S. Kant, R. Tyagi, D. Bajaj, A. Parihar","doi":"10.33590/emjrespir/10001695","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33590/emjrespir/10001695","url":null,"abstract":"Background: As the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 era commenced, a new entity was added to the already hefty bulk of parenchymal lung diseases in post-COVID-19 pulmonary fibrosis. A wide range of findings from mild ground glass opacities to exuberant fibrosis are seen on high resolution CT of the thorax. However, the authors came across a pattern that was frequently repeated, and therefore conducted an observational study on the radiological findings.\u0000\u0000Method: The study was conducted for a period of 6 months in the departments of Respiratory Medicine and Radiodiagnosis at King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, India. The radiological findings on high resolution CT thorax of consecutive patients who reported to the Department of Respiratory Medicine after recovering from COVID-19, and were previously reverse transcriptase-PCR-positive or serologically confirmed, were studied.\u0000\u0000Result: There were a total of 56 subjects (32 males; mean age: 56 years). The most common finding was ground glass opacities (89%). Reticulations were seen in 86% of patients, with a unique dome-shaped fibrosis parallel to pleural surface in 54%, patchy consolidation in 49%, and scattered cysts in 43%. The distribution was mostly bilateral with slight predominance of lower lobes (57%).\u0000\u0000Conclusion: Ground glass opacities, reticulations, and consolidation are fairly common in patients with pulmonary sequelae of COVID-19. It has a peculiar predilection for involvement of subpleural space with cupola or band-shaped fibrosis.","PeriodicalId":300382,"journal":{"name":"EMJ Respiratory","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130902229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eosinophilic Pneumonia Due to Toxocariasis: A Rare Case Report in a Paediatric Patient and Literature Review","authors":"Luiza Fonseca Sandes Fernandes, Isabele Santos Piuzana Barbosa, Juliana Campos Rodrigues Fossa, Larissa Alvim Werner, Luana Amaral Magalhães de Souza Lima, Pedro Celeste Valadares, Mariana Isadora Ribeiro Vieira","doi":"10.33590/emjrespir/10151973","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33590/emjrespir/10151973","url":null,"abstract":"Human toxocariasis is a zoonosis caused by the larvae of Toxocara genus parasites. It is usually asymptomatic and self-limiting. However, due to either the direct action of parasites or by immunological mechanisms, it can affect several organs resulting in many clinical manifestations. Among paediatric patients, lung involvement occurs in 20–85% of cases of visceral toxocariasis, as Löffler’s syndrome, chronic pneumonia, eosinophilic pneumonia, or baby wheezing syndrome. Because of its rarity, eosinophilic pneumonia due to Toxocara larvae is not well-documented amongst medical records.\u0000\u0000This article presents a clinical case of a 2-year-old with a history of daily sand and soil ingestion, followed by sudden pulmonary symptoms, 9-day fever, abnormal chest X-ray, and intense peripheral eosinophilia. Due to the suspicion of toxocariasis pneumonia after a series of laboratory tests, the diagnosis of eosinophilic pneumonia caused by the parasite was confirmed. After treatment with albendazole for 5 days, the patient displayed progressive improvement in respiratory symptoms and a reduction in peripheral eosinophilia.","PeriodicalId":300382,"journal":{"name":"EMJ Respiratory","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131495365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phenotypes of Post-COVID-19 Interstitial Lung Disease: Clinical, Radiological, and Pathological Correlations","authors":"L. Gori, C. Ravaglia, V. Luzzi, L. Ciani, G. Biadene, Sonia Bambina, M. Marinato, A. Dubini, D. Cozzi, E. Cavigli, C. Comin, Valeria Pasini, S. Puglisi, A. Cavazza, V. Poletti, Michele Spinicc, A. Bartoloni, A. Peired, S. Ferraro, Giulia Caterina Papa, E. Berillo, C. Nardi, E. Rosi, F. Lavorini, S. Tomassett","doi":"10.33590/emjrespir/10017421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33590/emjrespir/10017421","url":null,"abstract":"Pulmonary sequelae after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection range from limited abnormalities to major interstitial lung diseases (ILD). Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and cryobiopsy findings, integrated with the clinical and radiological scenario, may help clinicians to correctly manage patients and aid researchers in better understanding the features and pathogenic mechanisms of post-COVID-19 fibrosis.","PeriodicalId":300382,"journal":{"name":"EMJ Respiratory","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114523269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Cross-Sectional Survey On the Psychological Effects of COVID-19 on Doctors and Non-doctors in Pakistan","authors":"Fatima Iftikhar, M. Tayyab, T. F. Ahmed, Tahira Sadiq","doi":"10.33590/emjrespir/21-00159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33590/emjrespir/21-00159","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic is still showing fluctuating trends and rapidly increasing case numbers, naturally creating a significant air of panic and hopelessness. This study aimed to investigate the mental health status of doctors in comparison to non-doctors, and its suggestive determinants amidst the COVID-19 pandemic.\u0000\u0000Methods: An online cross-sectional survey was conducted during January–March 2021, using a convenience sampling technique. A sample size of 377 was calculated through RaoSoft (RaoSoft Inc., Seattle, Washington, USA) software. Inventories used are Zung Self-Assessment Anxiety Score (SAS) and Self-Assessment Depression Score (SDS), for the purpose of comparing different groups. The survey was distributed as an online Google form via social media. Results were evaluated by IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 26.0 (Endicott, New York, USA).\u0000\u0000Results: A total of 395 participants responded, out of which 10% showed extreme levels of anxiety. Among doctors, 14% had moderate levels of anxiety while 10% of unmarried respondents had extreme self-reported anxiety. Out of non-doctors, 15% showed signs of depression, among which a moderate level of depression was seen in 13% males, and severe depression was seen in 4% of married respondents. Higher depression scores were recorded in non-doctors, while there was no significant difference in anxiety levels of both groups.\u0000\u0000Conclusion: A significant impact on mental health has been noted in various groups of respondents, with severe depression as well as severe anxiety. This should be alarming enough to instigate authorities to conduct mental health programs to counter this negative impact of COVID-19. Quick interventions and strategies can save countries from a grim future.","PeriodicalId":300382,"journal":{"name":"EMJ Respiratory","volume":"221 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131599911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}