Contexto Internacional最新文献_第9页

Rethinking Polanyi’s Fictitious Commodities Based on the Brazilian Nuclear Segment 对波兰尼虚拟商品理论的再思考——以巴西核电为例

Contexto Internacional Pub Date : 2021-08-01 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-8529.2019430200007

Márcio Moutinho Abdalla

引用次数: 0

The American Trap 美国陷阱

Contexto Internacional Pub Date : 2021-08-01 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-8529.2019430200009

Giorgio Romano Schutte

{"title":"The American Trap","authors":"Giorgio Romano Schutte","doi":"10.1590/s0102-8529.2019430200009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s0102-8529.2019430200009","url":null,"abstract":"Pierucci’s book does not pretend to be an academic publication. However, it presents verifiable information with clear references and analyses of great utility for those who study international power structures. The contribution is particularly relevant for the field of International Political Economy which tries to unravel the complex interdependence between international politics and economics. Gilpin (1987) identified how crucial it has become for US hegemony to prevent foreign economies from appropriating American technologies and the monopoly rents generated by innovation. An important field of research, then, is to understand how the US uses its power to promote the interests of US-based global corporations as part of the effort to reproduce its hegemony. And what kind of power is used? Hard power (military force), soft power (influencing through culture and ideology) or smart power (an intelligent combination of the two)? Pierucci’s book suggests the existence of a sophisticated power structure which might not fit into Joseph Nye’s (2011) categories. The style of the book can be compared to Henry Kissinger’s books, that is, based on personal observations as an actor of international politics and enriched with research. In this case, the author is a senior manager of the French industrial conglomerate, Alstom. Pierucci’s thesis is that the US uses corporate anti-corruption and anti-bribery laws as an economic weapon to defend its own companies in a clear case of lawfare. The book can be seen as an updated version of Jean-Jacques Servan-Schreiber’s famous, The American Challenge, published in 1967. Servan-Schreiber’s thesis was that the US, through the operations of its multinationals, dominated European economies. This was at a time when Gilpin (1976) was arguing that the term ‘multinational’ was almost synonymous with US companies. That has changed, and corporate America now has to deal with competitors from other countries. Lawfare is used as part of what the author sees as an economic war.","PeriodicalId":30003,"journal":{"name":"Contexto Internacional","volume":"80 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79989420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Securitising Covid-19? The Politics of Global Health and the Limits of the Copenhagen School 证券化Covid-19吗?全球健康政治与哥本哈根学派的局限性

Contexto Internacional Pub Date : 2021-08-01 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-8529.2019430200001

D. Duarte, Marcelo M. Valença

{"title":"Securitising Covid-19? The Politics of Global Health and the Limits of the Copenhagen School","authors":"D. Duarte, Marcelo M. Valença","doi":"10.1590/s0102-8529.2019430200001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s0102-8529.2019430200001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has sparked controversies over health security strategies adopted in different countries. The urge to curb the spread of the virus has supported policies to restrict mobility and to build up state surveillance, which might induce authoritarian forms of government. In this context, the Copenhagen School has offered an analytical repertoire that informs many analyses in the fields of critical security studies and global health. Accordingly, the securitisation of COVID-19 might be necessary to deal with the crisis, but it risks unfolding discriminatory practices and undemocratic regimes, with potentially enduring effects. In this article, we look into controversies over pandemic-control strategies to discuss the political and analytical limitations of securitisation theory. On the one hand, we demonstrate that the focus on moments of rupture and exception conceals security practices that unfold in ongoing institutional disputes and over the construction of legitimate knowledge about public health. On the other hand, we point out that securitisation theory hinders a genealogy of modern apparatuses of control and neglects violent forms of government which are manifested not in major disruptive acts, but in the everyday dynamics of unequal societies. We conclude by suggesting that an analysis of the bureaucratic disputes and scientific controversies that constitute health security knowledges and practices enables critical approaches to engage with the multiple – and, at times, mundane – processes in which (in)security is produced, circulated, and contested.","PeriodicalId":30003,"journal":{"name":"Contexto Internacional","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74625665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Africa’s Strategies of Development and International Insertion: The Hybridity of Agenda 2063 非洲发展战略与国际介入:《2063年议程》的混杂性

Contexto Internacional Pub Date : 2021-08-01 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-8529.2019430200005

G. Oliveira, Anselmo Otavio

引用次数: 0

From Panda to Dragon: An Analysis of China’s Maritime Actions and Reactions in the East China Sea and Their Implications since 2012 从熊猫到龙:2012年以来中国在东海的海上行动与反应及其影响分析

Contexto Internacional Pub Date : 2021-04-01 DOI: 10.1590/S0102-8529.2019430100007

Alana Oliveira

{"title":"From Panda to Dragon: An Analysis of China’s Maritime Actions and Reactions in the East China Sea and Their Implications since 2012","authors":"Alana Oliveira","doi":"10.1590/S0102-8529.2019430100007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-8529.2019430100007","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In the 21st century, China’s rise has been shifting global and regional geopolitical scenarios. Faced with its growth and fears of being perceived as a threat, China sought to associate its economic and political emergence with the preservation of the current international system, emphasizing speeches about a peaceful development and harmonious world in which it would be an actor who wants to grow and accommodate the world order. However, changes in the balance of power and its continued rise have caused China’s behaviour to change in its own region, especially regarding maritime disputes and affecting other countries’ perceptions. By applying Neoclassical Realism, this paper analyses the Chinese foreign policy in the 21st century, elucidating its behaviour in terms of the country’s action and reactions regarding the dispute over the Senkaku/Diaoyu Islands and shows the perceptions of other countries to that behaviour. The article concludes that perceptions concerning the balance of power, Chinese capabilities, nationalism, regime legitimacy, and on leadership images affect the intensity of Beijing’s responses and foreign policy about maritime territorial disputes. Also, the article shows that China’s growing assertiveness in both the East China Sea and the South China Sea is pushing countries that have territorial disputes with China to grow closer.","PeriodicalId":30003,"journal":{"name":"Contexto Internacional","volume":"18 1","pages":"147-171"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89730982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Two Decades of Aníbal Quijano’s Coloniality of Power, Eurocentrism and Latin America 二十年Aníbal吉哈诺的殖民权力，欧洲中心主义和拉丁美洲

Contexto Internacional Pub Date : 2021-04-01 DOI: 10.1590/S0102-8529.2019430100009

José Guadalupe Gandarilla Salgado, M. García-Bravo, D. Benzi

{"title":"Two Decades of Aníbal Quijano’s Coloniality of Power, Eurocentrism and Latin America","authors":"José Guadalupe Gandarilla Salgado, M. García-Bravo, D. Benzi","doi":"10.1590/S0102-8529.2019430100009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-8529.2019430100009","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Aníbal Quijano has been one of the most astute and purposeful Latin American social theorists of the second half of the 20th century. His pioneering essays on the ‘Coloniality of Power’ not only inspired the project of Modernity/Coloniality/Decoloniality, but have also influenced countless intellectuals and activists who were not necessarily involved in the so-called ‘Decolonial Turn.’ While Quijano has not left behind a text in which all of the characteristics of his theory on ‘Coloniality’ are systematised, it can be argued that the lengthy essay ‘Coloniality of Power, Eurocentrism and Latin America,’ published for the first time twenty years ago, was intended to provide such an overview of his thought. The purpose of this forum is to critically debate the legacy of the Peruvian sociologist during a period which Quijano himself later described as the ‘Root Crisis of the Coloniality of Global Power.’ In the first section, José Gandarilla presents the Latin American antecedents and precursors of the use of the term ‘Coloniality.’ Next, Haydeé García reflects on the interdisciplinary perspective in Aníbal Quijano, the weight of totality, and its historical articulations. Finally, Daniele Benzi opens up and addresses some queries regarding ‘colonial/modern and Eurocentered capitalism,’ from the perspective of macro-historical sociology.","PeriodicalId":30003,"journal":{"name":"Contexto Internacional","volume":"38 1","pages":"199-222"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89924517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

US Foreign Policy to South America since 9/11: Neglect or Militarisation? 9/11以来美国对南美的外交政策:忽视还是军事化?

Contexto Internacional Pub Date : 2021-04-01 DOI: 10.1590/S0102-8529.2019430100006

Livia Peres Milani

{"title":"US Foreign Policy to South America since 9/11: Neglect or Militarisation?","authors":"Livia Peres Milani","doi":"10.1590/S0102-8529.2019430100006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-8529.2019430100006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Academic literature on US Foreign Policy to South America usually states its lack of attention to the region in the post 9/11 period. I aim to problematize this assertion through an analysis of US regional security policy. Therefore, I consider data referring to military and economic assistance, arms transfers, and the SOUTHCOM position towards its area of responsibility, as well as official documents and diplomatic cables. I conclude that, although the region was not a priority, a waning in US actions or a moment of neglect in its policy towards it was likewise not observed. From a historical perspective, the area was never the main focus of attention, but there is a specialized bureaucracy that works on the region to maintain US hegemony. Therefore, the investigation indicates that Latin American assertiveness during the 2000s was caused primarily by the conjunction of the ascension of leftist governments and quest for autonomy, as well as by Chinese and Russian involvement in Latin America, but not by US neglect. The article is divided into six sections, including the introduction and final remarks. Following the introduction, I analyse the academic literature regarding USA-Latin American relations in the second section, the US assistance in the third, the SOUTHCOM postures in the fourth, and the strategies deployed by the USA regarding great powers and arms transfers in the fifth. Finally, I present the final remarks.","PeriodicalId":30003,"journal":{"name":"Contexto Internacional","volume":"43 1","pages":"121-146"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86670589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

A Theory of Hegemonic Stability in South American Regionalism? Evidence from the Case of Brazil in UNASUR and Venezuela in ALBA 南美地区主义的霸权稳定论?来自巴西在南美国家联盟和委内瑞拉在美洲国家联盟案例的证据

Contexto Internacional Pub Date : 2021-04-01 DOI: 10.1590/S0102-8529.2019430100003

M. Alvarez

引用次数: 5

Putting in Check the Brazilian Moves in the Climate Chessboard 检查巴西在气候棋盘上的动作

Contexto Internacional Pub Date : 2021-04-01 DOI: 10.1590/S0102-8529.2019430100005

T. Santos, Luan Santos

引用次数: 2

Securitized Referent Objects in Brazilian Defence Documents: Natural Resources, Critical Infrastructure and Energy Security 巴西国防文件中的证券化参考对象:自然资源，关键基础设施和能源安全

Contexto Internacional Pub Date : 2021-04-01 DOI: 10.1590/S0102-8529.2019430100004

Henry Iure de Paiva Silva, Augusto W. M. Teixeira Júnior

引用次数: 0