Industrial Chemistry & Materials最新文献

{"title":"Carbon-supported Ni nanoparticles in CO2 methanation: role of a superficial NiO shell observed by in situ TEM†","authors":"Katherine E. MacArthur, Liliana P. L. Gonçalves, Juliana P. S. Sousa, O. Salomé G. P. Soares, Hans Kungl, Eva Jodat, André Karl, Marc Heggen, Rafal E. Dunin-Borkowski, Shibabrata Basak, Rüdiger-A. Eichel, Yury V. Kolen'ko and M. Fernando R. Pereira","doi":"10.1039/D5IM00033E","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5IM00033E","url":null,"abstract":"<p>CO<small>₂</small> methanation offers a pathway to produce a carbon-neutral methane fuel. Although a number of research efforts have been conducted on this topic, a greater understanding of the mechanism of the reaction, which is still under debate, is needed. Here, using <em>in situ</em> transmission electron microscopy, we provide direct insights into the dynamics of a metallic nickel catalyst supported on activated carbon during CO<small>₂</small> methanation. The keys to the high performance of the catalyst are the <em>in situ</em> formation and dynamic behavior of a Ni@NiO core@shell nanostructure. Based on the detailed electron microscopy investigation, the mechanism of such nanostructure formation during methanation is proposed. Our studies revealed that the deactivation of the catalyst is not due to the accumulation of carbon coke over nickel nanoparticles, but an increase in the size of the nickel nanoparticles that is responsible for the deactivation of the catalyst over time.</p><p>Keywords: CO<small>₂</small> valorization; Hydrogenation; <em>in situ</em> TEM; Carbon catalysts; Core–shell nanoparticles; Microstructure.</p>","PeriodicalId":29808,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Chemistry & Materials","volume":" 2","pages":" 237-243"},"PeriodicalIF":11.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2026/im/d5im00033e?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147558166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soft porous crystals: flexible MOFs as a new class of adaptive materials","authors":"Jiahui Guo, Sai Chu, Fangli Yuan, Ken-ichi Otake, Ming-Shui Yao and Susumu Kitagawa","doi":"10.1039/D5IM00067J","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5IM00067J","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Soft porous crystals (SPCs), particularly soft metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), represent a promising class of crystalline porous materials distinguished by their structural flexibility, dynamic behavior, and strong responsiveness to external stimuli. These features set them apart from conventional rigid materials and make them highly attractive for advanced technological applications. Despite extensive research on MOFs overall, soft MOFs remain relatively underexplored, and further investigation into their potential is essential for advancing materials science and enabling next-generation technologies. Although both SPCs and their rigid counterparts face common challenges in long-term operational stability (thermodynamic, chemical resistance, and mechanical durability) and large-scale high-quality production, the adaptive properties of SPCs—such as energy efficiency, high selectivity, and high capture efficiency—open up new frontiers for industrial production and real-world applications. In this perspective, to gain a comprehensive understanding of their promising applications, the research landscape is divided based on dosage usage regarding scaling softness, covering both (i) moderate and high-dose applications (storage and separation, catalysis, and energy storage) and (ii) trace or low-dose applications (electronic devices, biomedicine, and nuclear industry), and summarize the key technological fields within each category. It should be noted that high-quality SPCs can typically be obtained at low doses. However, at high doses, the increased presence of defects or disorder may lead to non-uniform structural transformations that propagate through the material. This behavior must be carefully considered in practical applications. Ultimately, an insightful outlook on the promising prospects of SPCs is provided.</p><p>Keywords: Soft porous crystals; Metal–organic frameworks; Flexibility; Applications; Industrialization.</p>","PeriodicalId":29808,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Chemistry & Materials","volume":" 6","pages":" 651-680"},"PeriodicalIF":11.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/im/d5im00067j?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145493342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hybrid alkyl-ligand tin-oxo clusters for enhanced lithographic patterning performance via intramolecular interactions†","authors":"Hao Chen, Wenzheng Li, Yingdong Zhao, Xinyan Huang, Jialong Zhang, Peijun Ji, Jun Zhao, Pengzhong Chen and Xiaojun Peng","doi":"10.1039/D5IM00058K","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5IM00058K","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Tin-oxo clusters (TOCs) are promising candidates for next-generation extreme ultraviolet (EUV) photoresist materials due to their strong EUV absorption properties and small molecular sizes. The surface ligands are critical to the photolithographic patterning process; however, the precise regulatory mechanisms governing their functionality require further investigation. Building upon our previously reported Sn4-oxo clusters, Sn4–Me–C10 and Sn4–Bu–C10, which incorporate butyl and methyl groups, respectively, this study presents the synthesis of a novel cluster, <strong>Sn4-MB</strong>, which integrates both butyl and methyl groups within the same Sn4-oxo core. This new compound demonstrates superior patterning performance compared to both Sn4–Me–C10 and Sn4–Bu–C10, as well as their mixed formulations. The enhanced performance is attributed to the intramolecular hybridization between Sn–methyl and Sn–butyl moieties in <strong>Sn4-MB</strong>, which facilitates radical feedback regulation, thereby minimizing energy dissipation and suppressing the extent of reaction diffusion during pattern formation. In electron beam lithography (EBL) exposure experiments, optimization of the developer and reduction of film thickness allowed <strong>Sn4-MB</strong> to achieve lines with a critical dimension (CD) of 17 nm. Furthermore, during EUV exposure, <strong>Sn4-MB</strong> produced 75 nm pitch lines at a dose of 150 mJ cm<small>⁻²</small>, with a line CD of 33 nm. This study provides an effective molecular design strategy for enhancing the lithographic performance of TOC photoresists, highlighting their substantial potential for next-generation EUV lithography applications.</p><p>Keywords: Tin-oxo clusters; Intramolecular radical regulation; Photoresist; Electron beam lithography; Extreme ultraviolet lithography.</p>","PeriodicalId":29808,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Chemistry & Materials","volume":" 5","pages":" 543-552"},"PeriodicalIF":11.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/im/d5im00058k?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145078775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scaling up electrochemical CO2 reduction to formate through comparative reactor analysis†","authors":"Paniz Izadi, Swapnil Varhade, Carl Schneider, Philip Haus, Chandani Singh, Avni Guruji, Deepak Pant and Falk Harnisch","doi":"10.1039/D5IM00056D","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5IM00056D","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;This study presents scalable reactor designs at a lab-scale pilot level for the electrochemical CO&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt; reduction reaction (eCO&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;RR) to formate, utilizing formate-selective catalysts such as tin (Sn) and bismuth (Bi) at the electrodes in different sizes. Furthermore, it evaluates multiple scaled-up reactor configurations, providing critical insights into their performance, efficiency, and potential for industrial deployment. Electrochemical cells comprising VITO CORE® gas diffusion electrodes (GDEs) of 100 cm&lt;small&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/small&gt; single electrode, 300 cm&lt;small&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/small&gt; stack (3 electrodes of 100 cm&lt;small&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/small&gt;) and 400 cm&lt;small&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/small&gt; single electrode were evaluated for eCO&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;RR at 100 mA cm&lt;small&gt;&lt;sup&gt;−2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/small&gt; at two different laboratories (UFZ and VITO). The 100 cm&lt;small&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/small&gt; Sn-GDEs showed an average formate production rate (&lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt;&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;HCOO&lt;small&gt;&lt;sup&gt;−&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;) and coulombic efficiency (CE) of 29 mM h&lt;small&gt;&lt;sup&gt;−1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/small&gt; and 80%, respectively. However, stacking three 100 cm&lt;small&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/small&gt; GDEs, hence stacked 300 cm&lt;small&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/small&gt; Sn-GDEs, showed lower performance (average &lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt;&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;HCOO&lt;small&gt;&lt;sup&gt;−&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt; and CE of 19 mM h&lt;small&gt;&lt;sup&gt;−1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/small&gt; and 50%, respectively), with a variation among the replicates. Operational efficiency and stability were regained by further scaling up using a single Sn-GDE to 400 cm&lt;small&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/small&gt; (average &lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt;&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;HCOO&lt;small&gt;&lt;sup&gt;−&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt; and CE of 35 mM h&lt;small&gt;&lt;sup&gt;−1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/small&gt; and 73%, respectively). The Bi-GDE in the similar setup of 400 cm&lt;small&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/small&gt; showed lower performance (average &lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt;&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;HCOO&lt;small&gt;&lt;sup&gt;−&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt; and CE of 23 mM h&lt;small&gt;&lt;sup&gt;−1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/small&gt; and 63%, respectively), which we related to electrode structural degradation as revealed by SEM-EDX analyses. With its notable durability, stable performance, and relatively low overpotential for eCO&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;RR, the 400 cm&lt;small&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/small&gt; Sn-GDE setup demonstrated strong potential for long-term eCO&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;RR to formate. The corresponding power consumptions at the largest scale for formate production using both Sn- and Bi-GDEs were determined to be 190.8 and 501.8 Wh mol&lt;small&gt;&lt;sup&gt;−1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/small&gt;, respectively. This situates the technology at the upper boundary of laboratory-scale and the early stages of pilot-scale operation. Although the system has not yet achieved kilowatt-level performance, the results underscore a promising and scalable approach toward the development of industrially relevant eCO&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;RR platforms.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Keywords: eCO&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;RR; Scale up; Formate; Gas diffusion electrodes; Flow cells; Stacked reactors.","PeriodicalId":29808,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Chemistry & Materials","volume":" 2","pages":" 260-275"},"PeriodicalIF":11.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2026/im/d5im00056d?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147558168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated CO2 capture and methane dry reforming over a Ni–Ca dual functional material under SO2/NO2-containing flue gas conditions: a mechanistic study","authors":"Bocheng Yu, Muqing Yang, Yijian Qiao, Yaozu Wang, Yongqing Xu, Xuan Bie, Qinghai Li, Yanguo Zhang, Shuzhuang Sun and Hui Zhou","doi":"10.1039/D5IM00087D","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5IM00087D","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Integrated carbon capture and utilization (ICCU) has emerged as a promising strategy toward carbon neutrality. However, most existing studies rely on simulated flue gas compositions, neglecting the impact of common impurities such as sulfur oxides (SO<small>_<em>x</em></small>) and nitrogen oxides (NO<small>_<em>x</em></small>), thereby limiting the practical industrial applicability of ICCU technologies. Herein, we systematically investigate the effects of SO<small>₂</small> and NO<small>₂</small> at various concentrations on the adsorption–catalysis performance based on a representative Ni–Ca dual functional material (DFM) in the ICCU–dry reforming of methane (ICCU-DRM) process. Exposure to 100 ppm SO<small>₂</small> showed a negligible influence on catalytic activity but markedly inhibited carbon deposition. Further increasing the SO<small>₂</small> concentration to 500 ppm led to complete deactivation of the DFM. NO<small>₂</small> exhibited a similar concentration-dependent trend to SO<small>₂</small>, albeit with a comparatively lower impact. Mechanistic analysis revealed that both SO<small>₂</small> and NO<small>₂</small> promote the formation of a coating layer of calcium-containing compounds on the surface of Ni nanoparticles, accounting for the partial or total deactivation. These findings offer critical insights into the industrial applications of ICCU systems under realistic flue gas conditions.</p><p>Keywords: Integrated carbon capture and utilization; SO<small>_<em>x</em></small> and NO<small>_<em>x</em></small>; Deactivation; Phase transition; DRM.</p>","PeriodicalId":29808,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Chemistry & Materials","volume":" 1","pages":" 105-117"},"PeriodicalIF":11.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2026/im/d5im00087d?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146071198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A guideline to optimizing the performance of V2O5–MoO3/TiO2 catalysts for low-temperature SCR denitrification in industrial application†","authors":"Yanchao Qu, Guangyue Xu, Chen Chen, Jianhua Guo, Dingjia Liu, Haiwei Jia, Haonan Guo, Shuya Jia, Jiazhen Jia, Ying Zhang and Lifeng Yan","doi":"10.1039/D5IM00055F","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5IM00055F","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The development of novel low-temperature selective catalytic reduction (SCR) denitrification catalysts is a crucial research direction for reducing pollution and carbon emissions. Although V<small>₂</small>O<small>₅</small>–MoO<small>₃</small>/TiO<small>₂</small> catalysts have been widely used in commercial applications, achieving effective SCR denitrification for low-temperature flue gases remains a significant challenge. In this study, the catalytic efficiency of the catalysts was systematically investigated and optimized by constructing Pearson linear correlation coefficient models between catalytic activity and different pore structures, substrate crystal planes, active site components and properties, <em>etc.</em> Through comprehensive characterization and experiments, anatase TiO<small>₂</small> loaded with 3% V<small>₂</small>O<small>₅</small> and 10% MoO<small>₃</small> was developed and demonstrated excellent catalytic activity and stability even in high sulfur content and low-temperature environments. The catalyst was deployed in a pilot plant for over two years, consistently achieving a monthly average denitrification efficiency of over 67% and maintaining an outlet NO<small>_<em>x</em></small> concentration below 50 mg Nm<small>⁻³</small>. This study provides a robust and efficient low-temperature catalyst for SCR denitrification and offers valuable insights for future catalyst optimization.</p><p>Keywords: Low temperature; SCR denitrification; Sulfur resistance; Structure–activity relationship; Industrial application.</p>","PeriodicalId":29808,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Chemistry & Materials","volume":" 2","pages":" 200-211"},"PeriodicalIF":11.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2026/im/d5im00055f?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147558283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrooxidation of alcohols under the operating conditions of industrial alkaline water electrolysis","authors":"Floris van Lieshout, Eleazar Castañeda-Morales, Arturo Manzo-Robledo and Dulce M. Morales","doi":"10.1039/D5IM00071H","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5IM00071H","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Hydrogen generation through conventional water electrolysis (CWE) is becoming increasingly prevalent on an industrial scale. However, widespread implementation is partially hampered by the sluggish kinetics of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and the severe (energy) costs associated with it. The electrooxidation of alcohols has received great interest within the scientific community as a potential alternative to the OER, leading to the emergence of a novel field known as hybrid water electrolysis (HWE). Nevertheless, while many efforts have been made by multiple stakeholders to give direction to CWE research with the aim of boosting its widespread industrial implementation, the same cannot be said for HWE. In this work, we provide an overview of target performance indicators for industrial alkaline CWE, and we discuss the extent to which the alcohol oxidation reaction (AOR), conducted under similar conditions, reaches those targets. Furthermore, we identify and discuss additional targets required for industrial application of HWE, with specific sections dedicated to the topics of selectivity and circularity of HWE products. In addition to this, we discuss the role that effective reactor design has in combating challenges associated with upscaling of HWE, followed by a description of novel approaches used in the literature. Finally, recommendations are given aiming to direct future research efforts towards industrial application of the AOR with simultaneous hydrogen production.</p><p>Keywords: Electrolysis; Alcohol electrooxidation; Alkaline water electrolysis; Hybrid water electrolysis; Industrially relevant conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":29808,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Chemistry & Materials","volume":" 1","pages":" 7-32"},"PeriodicalIF":11.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2026/im/d5im00071h?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146071204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficient stacking of iso-butene in sulfonate functional metal–organic frameworks for efficient iso-butene/iso-butane separation†","authors":"Zhensong Qiu, Jiyu Cui, Dengzhuo Zhou, Zhenglu Yang, Xiaofei Lu, Xian Suo, Anyun Zhang, Xili Cui, Lifeng Yang and Huabin Xing","doi":"10.1039/D5IM00077G","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5IM00077G","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Separation of iso-butene and iso-butane is vital to producing high purity iso-butene feedstock, but is challenging because of their close molecular size and properties. Adsorptive separation using porous materials like metal organic frameworks (MOFs) is emerging as a potential energy-efficient alternative. But it's hindered by the lack of porous materials that exhibit satisfactory iso-butene/iso-butane separation performance. In this study, a novel sulfonate functionalized material, ZU-603, is reported to achieve the benchmark separation performance of iso-butene/iso-butane <em>via</em> exploiting the geometric difference of the carbon backbone between the planar iso-butene and tetrahedral iso-butane. Single-crystal analysis of ZU-603 loaded with iso-butene and simulation studies reveal that the sulfonate sites bound the iso-butene <em>via</em> S<small>^{<em>δ</em>−}</small>⋯H<small>^<em>δ</em>+</small><img>C interactions, meanwhile iso-butene molecules are efficiently stacked <em>via</em> π–π interactions within the confined space, realizing higher stacking efficiency of iso-butene than iso-butane. ZU-603 shows an exceptionally high iso-butene adsorption uptake of 2.30 mmol g<small>⁻¹</small> (298 K, 1 bar) and a record high iso-butene/iso-butane uptake ratio of 2.77 at 1 bar, outperforming previously reported benchmarking materials (1.2). Fixed-bed breakthrough experiments confirm the impressive iso-butene/iso-butane dynamic separation ability of ZU-603. The work provides a potential shape-recognition strategy in designing functional materials for the efficient separation of hydrocarbons with similar physicochemical properties.</p><p>Keywords: Adsorptive separation; Hydrocarbon; Metal-organic frameworks; Iso-butene/iso-butane; Purification.</p>","PeriodicalId":29808,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Chemistry & Materials","volume":" 5","pages":" 535-542"},"PeriodicalIF":11.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/im/d5im00077g?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145078774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scalable copper-based coordination frameworks with tailored pore chemistry for energy-efficient C2H2/CO2 separation†","authors":"Hao-Ling Lan, Su-Tao Zheng, Li Xu, Guo-Wei Guan and Qing-Yuan Yang","doi":"10.1039/D5IM00068H","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5IM00068H","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The separation of C<small>₂</small>H<small>₂</small>/CO<small>₂</small> mixtures for acetylene purification presents both industrial significance and fundamental challenges due to their nearly identical kinetic diameters and similar physical properties. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of ultramicroporous metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) in addressing this challenge through precise pore confinement effects. We introduce two ultramicroporous materials, Cu(cyhdc) and Cu(bdc), and assess their ability to capture C<small>₂</small>H<small>₂</small>. Under ambient conditions, Cu(cyhdc) and Cu(bdc) exhibit C<small>₂</small>H<small>₂</small> uptakes of 1.92 mmol g<small>⁻¹</small> and 1.44 mmol g<small>⁻¹</small>, respectively. The most promising candidate is Cu(cyhdc), which possesses a C<small>₂</small>H<small>₂</small>/CO<small>₂</small> selectivity of 8.45 at 298 K and 1 bar. Grand canonical Monte Carlo simulations revealed that the enhanced performance originates from multiple van der Waals interactions between C<small>₂</small>H<small>₂</small> molecules and the curved cyclohexane-derived pore walls of Cu(cyhdc). Importantly, dynamic breakthrough experiments and scalable synthesis processes validated the practical separation potential of Cu(cyhdc) for C<small>₂</small>H<small>₂</small>/CO<small>₂</small> mixtures. This work provides both mechanistic insights into gas–framework interactions and a potential solution for energy-efficient acetylene purification.</p><p>Keywords: C<small>₂</small>H<small>₂</small>/CO<small>₂</small> separation; Ultramicroporous; Metal–organic framework; Pore confinement; Scalable synthesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":29808,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Chemistry & Materials","volume":" 6","pages":" 723-731"},"PeriodicalIF":11.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/im/d5im00068h?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145493315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On-line detection of additive concentrations in acidic copper plating solution for metal interconnection by an electrochemical microfluidic workstation†","authors":"Yi Zhao, Ju-Xing Zeng, Jia-Qiang Yang, Tao Song, Ren Hu, Jian-Jia Su, Bo Zhang, Fang-Zu Yang, Dongping Zhan and Lianhuan Han","doi":"10.1039/D5IM00073D","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5IM00073D","url":null,"abstract":"<p>On-line detection of additive concentrations in acidic copper (Cu) electroplating solution, including the suppressor, accelerator and leveler, is crucial for the industrial production of integrated circuit metal interconnections. For this purpose, a portable electrochemical microfluidic workstation (EMW) is developed. The polymer electrochemical microfluidic chip is designed and fabricated by 3D printing, in which a liquid mixer is integrated with an electrochemical microcell. The asymmetrically distributed herringbone microstructures in the microchannels (width: 400 μm, height: 300 μm, length: 4 cm) ensure the highly efficient mixture of solutions. In the electrochemical microcell, a 12.5 μm radius platinum ultramicroelectrode (Pt UME) acts as the working electrode. Based on the suppressing or accelerating effects of the additives on Cu electroplating, the calibration curves can be obtained by the stripping charge of electrodeposited Cu. Thus, the concentration of each additive in the acidic Cu electroplating solution can be detected on line and adjusted in time. The solution volume needed for each additive is approximately 220 μL. The detection error is lower than 10%, meeting the analytic requirements in industry. The automated EMW has the potential to replace the current manual cyclic voltammetry stripping (CVS) employed in lab analysis.</p><p>Keywords: Electrochemical microfluidic workstation; On-line detection of additive concentration; Microfluidic chip; Ultramicroelectrode; Acidic copper electroplating.</p>","PeriodicalId":29808,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Chemistry & Materials","volume":" 5","pages":" 607-617"},"PeriodicalIF":11.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/im/d5im00073d?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145078705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}