{"title":"Perspective on oligomeric products from lignin depolymerization: their generation, identification, and further valorization†","authors":"Yinglei Han, Blake A. Simmons and Seema Singh","doi":"10.1039/D2IM00059H","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D2IM00059H","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The present contribution emphasizes the formation of oligomeric products in various depolymerization approaches of lignin, namely reductive catalytic fractionation, oxidative catalytic fractionation, and pyrolysis. Three possible routes to form such oligomers in these depolymerization processes are summarized and compared from various studies conducted on model compounds. Next, the main identification techniques for characterizing oligomeric products are highlighted. Particular focus is given to 2D-HSQC-NMR, GPC, Maldi-TOF-MS and FT-ICR-MS, which represent the state-of-art characterization of lignin. Special attention was paid to the transferability of these techniques for depolymerized oligomeric lignin. Finally, both the existing and expected potential lignin valorization routes are discussed for these oligomers, and technical hurdles and recommendations are provided in an attempt to catalyze the development of new discoveries and enabling technologies.</p><p>Keywords: Lignin oligomer; Reductive and oxidative depolymerization; Biofuels; Characterization techniques; Lignin valorization.</p>","PeriodicalId":29808,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Chemistry & Materials","volume":" 2","pages":" 207-223"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2023/im/d2im00059h?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49994182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shuangjiang Luo, Tianliang Han, Can Wang, Ying Sun, Hongjun Zhang, Ruilan Guo and Suojiang Zhang
{"title":"Hierarchically microporous membranes for highly energy-efficient gas separations","authors":"Shuangjiang Luo, Tianliang Han, Can Wang, Ying Sun, Hongjun Zhang, Ruilan Guo and Suojiang Zhang","doi":"10.1039/D2IM00049K","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D2IM00049K","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The implementation of synthetic polymer membranes in gas separations, ranging from natural gas sweetening, hydrogen separation, helium recovery, carbon capture, oxygen/nitrogen enrichment, <em>etc.</em>, has stimulated the vigorous development of high-performance membrane materials. However, size-sieving types of synthetic polymer membranes are frequently subject to a trade-off between permeability and selectivity, primarily due to the lack of ability to boost fractional free volume while simultaneously controlling the micropore size distribution. Herein, we review recent research progress on microporosity manipulation in high-free-volume polymeric gas separation membranes and their gas separation performance, with an emphasis on membranes with hourglass-shaped or bimodally distributed microcavities. State-of-the-art strategies to construct tailorable and hierarchically microporous structures, microporosity characterization, and microcavity architecture that govern gas separation performance are systematically summarized.</p><p>Keywords: Gas separation membranes; Hierarchical microporosity; Micropore size distribution; Configurational free volume; Solution–diffusion mechanism.</p>","PeriodicalId":29808,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Chemistry & Materials","volume":" 3","pages":" 376-387"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2023/im/d2im00049k?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49994729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Recent progress with the application of organic room-temperature phosphorescent materials","authors":"Mengxing Ji and Xiang Ma","doi":"10.1039/D3IM00004D","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D3IM00004D","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Organic materials with room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) emission have attracted extensive attention owing to their extraordinary properties, including long lifetime, large Stokes shift, and stimuli-responsiveness, and show bright prospects in broad fields. Numerous design strategies, such as creating a rigid environment through crystallization and supramolecular assembly, can be employed to improve the luminescent characteristics of RTP materials by restricting nonradiative transition, enhancing intersystem crossing, and so forth. This review summarizes recent progress with organic room-temperature phosphorescent materials from the perspective of practical applications, including luminescence and display, environmental detection, and bioimaging, and the challenges and prospects will be discussed at the end, which should assist with future research on the application of RTP materials.</p><p>Keywords: Room-temperature phosphorescence; OLEDs; Anti-counterfeiting; Environmental detection; Bioimaging.</p>","PeriodicalId":29808,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Chemistry & Materials","volume":" 4","pages":" 582-594"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2023/im/d3im00004d?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49994626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ionic skin: from imitating natural skin to beyond","authors":"Zhiwu Chen and Yapei Wang","doi":"10.1039/D2IM00062H","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D2IM00062H","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Ionic skin, as an emerging subclass of artificial skin, has been proposed and developed for nearly a decade, which makes up for the partial shortcomings of electronic skin to some extent. Highly similar to the ion-sensing mechanism of natural skin, the ionic skin also acquires and conducts perceptual signals in the form of ions. During this decade, a great deal of effort has been devoted to the species amplification of ionic soft matter and the discovery of new mechanisms of artificial ion sensing. It is worth emphasizing that the deciphering of the perceptual mechanisms of natural skin has inspired a great number of bionic studies in pursuit of the reproduction of natural touch in ionic skin. Ionic skin, as a multi-functional operating platform, is also endowed with attractive functions that are beyond natural skin. The birth and appearance of ionic skin greatly promote the vigorous development of products in the era of the internet of things, such as human-machine interaction, prosthetics and wearable devices. In this review, on the basis of explaining the perceptual mechanism of natural skin, we deeply analyze the progressive sensing mechanism of bionic ionic skin. The typical cases of ionic skin that are beyond the ability of natural skin are also summarized in detail. Finally, constructive perspectives and common issues are presented for the future development of ionic skin.</p><p>Keywords: Ionic skin; Tactile perception; Bionic; Flexible sensor.</p>","PeriodicalId":29808,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Chemistry & Materials","volume":" 2","pages":" 224-239"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2023/im/d2im00062h?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49994183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shenyu Wang, Aohua Cheng, Fanhua Liu, Junjie Zhang, Tao Xia, Xiang Zeng, Wei Fan and Ying Zhang
{"title":"Catalytic conversion network for lignocellulosic biomass valorization: a panoramic view","authors":"Shenyu Wang, Aohua Cheng, Fanhua Liu, Junjie Zhang, Tao Xia, Xiang Zeng, Wei Fan and Ying Zhang","doi":"10.1039/D2IM00054G","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D2IM00054G","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Efficient utilization of lignocellulosic biomass to substitute for fossil resources is an effective way to promote the sustainable development of current society. Numerous lignocellulose valorization routes for the production of value-added chemicals and fuels have been explored. Herein, we overview the catalytic reaction routes, reaction types and key steps involved in the selective preparation of various important products from lignocellulose. The information can facilitate the development of robust and selective catalytic systems to address the challenges in the major reaction steps. We present four catalytic conversion route maps starting from cellulose (including 5-hydroxylfurfural, HMF), hemicellulose and lignin, respectively. The reaction route for the important platform molecules of HMF and furfural, passing through critical intermediates to value-added chemicals and aviation fuels, is also highlighted. It provides a clear and concise panorama for people interested in this field and facilitates identifying the products or processes of interest with up-to-date research developments. We also put forward the current issues for the large-scale valorization of lignocellulose and the possible resolution strategies, focusing on the rational design of active and robust heterogeneous catalysts.</p><p>Keywords: Biomass; Lignocellulose valorization; Catalytic conversion network; Reaction routes; Renewable chemicals.</p>","PeriodicalId":29808,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Chemistry & Materials","volume":" 2","pages":" 188-206"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2023/im/d2im00054g?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49994181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Introducing Industrial Chemistry & Materials","authors":"","doi":"10.1039/D3IM90001K","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D3IM90001K","url":null,"abstract":"<p >A graphical abstract is available for this content</p>","PeriodicalId":29808,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Chemistry & Materials","volume":" 1","pages":" 7-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2023/im/d3im90001k?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49994631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yangshuo Li, Fangfang Li, Aatto Laaksonen, Chuan Wang, Paul Cobden, Per Boden, Yanrong Liu, Xiangping Zhang and Xiaoyan Ji
{"title":"Electrochemical CO2 reduction with ionic liquids: review and evaluation†","authors":"Yangshuo Li, Fangfang Li, Aatto Laaksonen, Chuan Wang, Paul Cobden, Per Boden, Yanrong Liu, Xiangping Zhang and Xiaoyan Ji","doi":"10.1039/D2IM00055E","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D2IM00055E","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The increasing CO<small><sub>2</sub></small> emission, as the chief culprit causing numerous environmental problems, could be addressed by the electrochemical CO<small><sub>2</sub></small> reduction (CO<small><sub>2</sub></small>R) to the added-value carbon-based chemicals. Ionic liquids (ILs) as electrolytes and co-catalysts have been widely studied to promote CO<small><sub>2</sub></small>R owing to their unique advantages. Among the potential products of CO<small><sub>2</sub></small>R, those only containing one carbon atom, named C1 products, including CO, CH<small><sub>3</sub></small>OH, CH<small><sub>4</sub></small>, and syngas, are easier to achieve than others. In this study, we first summarized the research status on CO<small><sub>2</sub></small>R to these C1 products, and then, the state-of-the-art experimental results were used to evaluate the economic potential and environmental impact. Considering the rapid development in CO<small><sub>2</sub></small>R, future scenarios with better CO<small><sub>2</sub></small>R performances were reasonably assumed to predict the future business for each product. Among the studied C1 products, the research focuses on CO, where satisfactory results have been achieved. The evaluation shows that producing CO <em>via</em> CO<small><sub>2</sub></small>R is the only profitable route at present. CH<small><sub>3</sub></small>OH and syngas of H<small><sub>2</sub></small>/CO (1 : 1) as the targeted products can become profitable in the foreseen future. In addition, the life cycle assessment (LCA) was used to evaluate the environmental impact, showing that CO<small><sub>2</sub></small>R to CH<small><sub>4</sub></small> is the most environmentally friendly pathway, followed by the syngas of H<small><sub>2</sub></small>/CO (2 : 1) and CO, and the further improvement of the CO<small><sub>2</sub></small>R performance can make all the studied C1 products more environmentally friendly. Overall, CO is the most promising product from both economic and environmental impact aspects.</p><p>Keywords: Electrochemical-CO<small><sub>2</sub></small>-reduction; Ionic-liquids; C1-product; Economic-evaluation; Environmental-impact.</p>","PeriodicalId":29808,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Chemistry & Materials","volume":" 3","pages":" 410-430"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2023/im/d2im00055e?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49994659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cha Li, Hao Zhang, Ming Liu, Fei-Fan Lang, Jiandong Pang and Xian-He Bu
{"title":"Recent progress in metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) for electrocatalysis","authors":"Cha Li, Hao Zhang, Ming Liu, Fei-Fan Lang, Jiandong Pang and Xian-He Bu","doi":"10.1039/D2IM00063F","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D2IM00063F","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Electrocatalytic technology opens a new path to solve the existing problems in fossil fuel consumption and environmental pollution as well as efficient energy use. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), a class of crystalline porous materials with high specific surface area, high porosity and customizable structures, have emerged as promising electrocatalysts. However, their inherently low electrical conductivity and stability greatly hinder their further applications. Therefore, strategies such as synthesizing two-dimensional conductive MOFs, designing unsaturated metal sites, and building MOF nanoarrays have been developed to enhance the conductivity and catalytic reaction transfer rates of MOFs, accompanied by the rational designs of MOFs for improving their stability. In this review, the applications of MOF-based electrocatalysts in the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR), oxygen evolution reaction (OER), oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) are presented in detail with the classification of monometallic MOFs, bimetallic MOFs, MOF-based composites and MOFs as supports. In addition, the relationship between the structure and performance is discussed through DFT calculations used in related work. Finally, future challenges and application prospects of MOFs in electrocatalysis are highlighted.</p><p>Keywords: Metal–organic frameworks; Electrocatalyst; Catalytic performance; Catalysis; Energy conversion.</p>","PeriodicalId":29808,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Chemistry & Materials","volume":" 1","pages":" 9-38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2023/im/d2im00063f?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49994634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xinyu Ma, Jiangtao Yu, Yin Hu, John Texter and Feng Yan
{"title":"Ionic liquid/poly(ionic liquid)-based electrolytes for lithium batteries","authors":"Xinyu Ma, Jiangtao Yu, Yin Hu, John Texter and Feng Yan","doi":"10.1039/D2IM00051B","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D2IM00051B","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The growing demand for portable electronic devices, electric vehicles, and large-scale advanced energy storage has aroused increasing interest in the development of high energy density lithium batteries. The electrolyte is an important component of lithium batteries and is an essential part of performance and safety improvements. Commercially available electrolytes mainly consist of lithium salts and organic carbonate solvents that are prone to decomposition due to their narrow electrochemical windows and tend to react with lithium metal anodes forming an unstable solid electrode/electrolyte interface (SEI). In particular, the flammability of organic solvents raises concerns about battery safety. Ionic liquid/poly(ionic liquid) (IL/PIL)-based electrolytes enable batteries with good safety, high energy/power density and long-term stability. This review focuses on the applications of IL/PIL-based liquid, quasi-solid, and solid electrolytes and electrolyte additives in lithium batteries. The perspectives and challenges of IL/PIL electrolytes in the field of lithium batteries are also proposed.</p><p>Keywords: Ionic liquid; Poly(ionic liquid); Lithium battery; Solid electrolyte; Quasi-solid electrolyte; Additive.</p>","PeriodicalId":29808,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Chemistry & Materials","volume":" 1","pages":" 39-59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2023/im/d2im00051b?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49994731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}