ACS Environmental Au最新文献

{"title":"Precise Engineering of Sustainable Fiber Composites Comprising Biobased or Valorized Matrices and Solid Components: A Perspective","authors":"Vojtěch Jašek,&nbsp;Radek Přikryl","doi":"10.1021/acsenvironau.6c00056","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsenvironau.6c00056","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Long-fiber composites play a significant role in a widerange ofapplications across industrial sectors, including automotive, construction,energy, aerospace, and marine. Current trends point to sustainablesolutions that use environmentally friendly materials, reduce waste,rely on renewable energy sources, and adopt circular manufacturing.Reusing, valorizing, and upcycling ensure an optimal approach to economicallyrational solutions connected to environmentally friendly procedures.Long-fiber composite materials contain multiple functional componentsbeyond solid-phase filament reinforcement, including a continuousbinding resin (matrix), solid-phase particle fillers, separators,and functional additives. From a sustainability standpoint, the long-fiberreinforcements and the binding matrix are key components, as theyaccount for the majority of a composite’s total weight. Thiswork summarizes, describes, and evaluates several approaches to valorizing,circulating, and reusing either the fiber or the matrix compositecontent. The sustainability aspect can be enhanced by circulatingcomposite products, modifying and reusing functionalized resins, incorporatingnatural fibers as alternatives to fossil-based ones, or engineeringnovel, partly or fully biobased matrices as substitutes for currentlyused petroleum resins. The primary aim of this work is to providea comprehensive and critical evaluation of the numerous strategiesreported in the available literature and to determine the most promisingsustainable strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":29801,"journal":{"name":"ACS Environmental Au","volume":"6 5","pages":"715–732"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149040643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioaccumulation and Toxicity of Tritiated Water in Jellyfish","authors":"Osama Alam,&nbsp;Jirong Hu,&nbsp;Sufen Zhang,&nbsp;Qian Bao,&nbsp;Yi Yang,&nbsp;Alishba Javed,&nbsp;Binqiang Wang,&nbsp;Jay Gan,&nbsp;Wei Wang","doi":"10.1021/acsenvironau.6c00150","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsenvironau.6c00150","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Global nuclear powercapacity is expanding rapidly, withmost facilitieslocated along coastlines. Tritiated water (HTO) is a significant radioactivebyproduct of nuclear power plants and is routinely discharged intothe oceans. Despite widespread release, radioecological impacts ofHTO on marine zooplankton remain poorly understood. Of particularconcern are jellyfish, which are composed of &gt;95% water and distributedthroughout the oceans, potentially rendering them highly susceptibleto tritium bioaccumulation. This study provides the first comprehensiveassessment of HTO bioaccumulation, organically bound tritium (OBT)formation and toxicity in two common jellyfish species, <em>Rhopilema esculentum</em> and <em>Aurelia aurita</em>, after exposure to environmentally relevant levels of HTO. Bothspecies demonstrated HTO bioaccumulation (factor of 23–43),with preferential formation of protein-associated organically boundtritium. Both species exhibited swimming impairments and tissue-levelresponses. <em>R. esculentum</em> showed dose-dependentdysfunction with vacuolization and apoptosis, while <em>A. aurita</em> displayed a general decline with preservedtissue architecture and negligible apoptosis. Human dietary risk assessmentof jellyfish consumption yielded annual equivalent doses of 0.005–0.018mSv yr^–1, well below the ICRP public dose limitof 1 mSv yr^–1. These findings demonstrate that jellyfishmay serve as valuable bioindicators for assessing the impacts of nuclearwastewater (HTO).</p>","PeriodicalId":29801,"journal":{"name":"ACS Environmental Au","volume":"6 5","pages":"935–945"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149040961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Better Together Than Apart: Degradation of Emerging Contaminants in Concentrated Streams Using UV/Sulfite/Iodide and UV/Hydrogen Peroxide Treatment Trains","authors":"Iván Sciscenko,&nbsp;Agustín París-Reche,&nbsp;Ana Agüera,&nbsp;Patricia Plaza-Bolaños,&nbsp;Claudio Minero,&nbsp;Marco Minella","doi":"10.1021/acsenvironau.6c00098","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsenvironau.6c00098","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study evaluates the performance of homogeneous UV-basedadvancedreduction processes (ARPs) and advanced oxidation processes (AOPs),applied individually and in sequential treatment trains as a largelyunexplored approach for the degradation of aqueous contaminants. UVC/SO₃^2– and UVC/SO₃^2–/I^– were the reference ARPs, while UVC/H₂O₂ was used as the reference AOP. A mixture of three modelcontaminants was used in all cases, consisting of perfluorooctanoicacid (PFOA, as a model perfluoroalkyl substance─PFAS), ibuprofen,and benzoic acid. The UVC/SO₃^2– treatmentachieved 70% defluorination of 100 μM PFOA after 24 h of irradiation,while nearly complete defluorination was obtained with UVC/SO₃^2–/I^– in the same period.Benzoic acid exhibited the fastest degradation rates with both ARPs(<em>k</em>_obs = 3.9 × 10^–1 min^–1, 100 μM concentration), whereas ibuprofenwas considerably slower, being comparable to its direct photolysis(<em>k</em>_obs = 2.9 × 10^–2 min^–1, 100 μM concentration). In contrast,the UVC/H₂O₂ process efficiently mineralizedbenzoic acid and ibuprofen (&gt;99% within 2 h) but showed negligibledegradation of PFOA (&lt;1% in 2 h). The treatment trains (AOP →ARP and ARP → AOP) were decisively more efficient when dealingwith the pollutant mixture degradation in the presence of scavengers.With the AOP → ARP approach, for matrices containing 50 mgL^–1 of humic acids, the UVC/H₂O₂ pretreatment led to faster PFOA defluorination rates than ARPs alone(65% and 5% in 2 h, respectively). The inverse configuration, ARP→ AOP, allowed the mineralization of PFOA, a result that couldnot be achieved when either ARPs or the AOP were applied individually.Experiments in simulated retentate wastewater, containing 1 μMof each contaminant and high concentration of anions and organic matter,were consistent with the preliminary results. This work is one ofthe first to offer valuable information on the degradation of PFASand non-PFAS pollutants by the aforementioned treatment trains, especiallyin concentrated wastewater treatment streams.</p>","PeriodicalId":29801,"journal":{"name":"ACS Environmental Au","volume":"6 5","pages":"890–902"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149041040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation and Correction of PM2.5 Mass Concentrations from Consumer-Grade Personal Exposure and Outdoor Fixed Monitors: A Two-Year Colocation Study in Colorado","authors":"Aniya Khalili Hollo,&nbsp;Dulce Gonzalez-Beltran,&nbsp;Allison Heckman,&nbsp;Sophie Castillo,&nbsp;Nicholas Clements,&nbsp;Esther Sullivan,&nbsp;Shivakant Mishra,&nbsp;Shelly L. Miller","doi":"10.1021/acsenvironau.6c00020","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsenvironau.6c00020","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Consumer-grade (CG) air quality monitors with low-costsensorsthat measure different pollutants and environmental factors are usedto assess personal exposure and indoor and outdoor air quality inmany communities. These devices empower citizens to actively participatein understanding their air quality and reducing their exposure toair pollution by accessing data in real time. As part of the SocialJustice and Environmental Quality Denver project (SJEQ-D), we evaluatedthe performance of Atmotube Pro personal exposure monitors (ATMs)and stationary QuantAQ Modulair-PM outdoor monitors (QAQs) by colocatingthem with a GRIMM EDM180 (GRIMM) PM_2.5 reference instrumentfour times for multiple weeks before their use within communities.The significance of this evaluation is that it is one of the firstto colocate a large number of CG air quality monitors (50 ATMs and5 QAQs) over two years during different seasons in the Mountain Westregion of the U.S. This study is intended as a large-scale, field-basedperformance evaluation to establish fitness-for-purpose use in communityexposure studies, rather than as a sensor development, mechanistic,or regulatory equivalence analysis. The mean correlation coefficientand root mean squared error (RMSE) between the 1-h averaged GRIMMand raw ATM data were ρ = 0.770 and RMSE = 5.12 μg m^–3; the corresponding values for the raw QAQ data wereρ = 0.720 and RMSE = 5.51 μg m^–3. Thesecorrelation coefficients indicate that both ATM and QAQ monitors capturea substantial portion of the temporal variability in PM_2.5 measured by the reference instrument. However, both monitors underestimatedPM_2.5 concentrations, particularly above 30.0 μgm^–3. In addition, temporal drift was observed inthe raw ATM and QAQ data sets, with individual monitors showing measurablechanges in response across colocation time periods, indicating differencesin long-term performance stability. The mean intramonitor correlationfor the ATMs and QAQs was ρ = 0.980 and ρ = 0.780, respectively.When compared to each other, 5–11% of the ATMs were not working.A multilinear regression correction model incorporating relative humidityand dew point was applied to the ATM and QAQ colocation data. Thiscorrection increased the mean correlation coefficient by 6.5–8.3%and decreased RMSE by 42–50% relative to the reference instrument,while also reducing the temporal drift observed in the raw data. Overall,our colocation results show that ATMs and QAQs provide useful PM_2.5 measurements for personal exposure and outdoor air monitoring,and that applying appropriate corrections improves agreement withreference instruments. In situations where reference data are unavailable,colocating CG monitors with one another can provide valuable insightinto device performance and data reliability.</p>","PeriodicalId":29801,"journal":{"name":"ACS Environmental Au","volume":"6 5","pages":"798–813"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149040796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of Solute Descriptors for Linear Solvation Energy Relationships Using K-Nearest Neighbors, Group Contributions, and Graph-Convolutional Neural Networks","authors":"Nadin Ulrich,&nbsp;Valentin Istomin,&nbsp;Anton Kudria,&nbsp;Alexander Böhme,&nbsp;Karsten Voigt","doi":"10.1021/acsenvironau.6c00063","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsenvironau.6c00063","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Linear solvationenergy relationship (LSER) models arenowadaysoften used to predict physicochemical properties of chemicals, suchas partition coefficients, retention factors in chromatography, andsolubilities. Due to their mechanistic foundation and transferabilityacross phases, LSER models are particularly valuable for predictingpartition coefficients in data-poor systems where experimental datasets are not available. However, their broader applicability is currentlyconstrained by the limited availability of experimentally determinedsolute descriptors. We developed three different models, based onthree different approaches, to predict the solute descriptors <em>S</em>, <em>E</em>, <em>A</em>, <em>B</em>, and <em>L</em> for LSER applications: (1) a group contributionmodel that includes an initial screening algorithm to identify functionalgroups as structural patterns, (2) a k-nearest neighbors model, and(3) a graph-convolutional neural network. All models were developedon the same curated data set for each solute descriptor. An independenttest set was used to evaluate the overall model performance, with <em>rmse</em> values ranging from 0.08–0.13 for <em>A</em>, 0.10–0.15 for <em>B</em>, 0.17–0.23 for <em>S</em>, 0.09–0.19 for <em>E</em>, and 0.25–0.45for <em>L</em> across the three approaches. By enabling theprediction of these descriptors directly from molecular structure,our modeling framework addresses a key bottleneck that has so farlimited the scalability and broader application of the LSER models.In addition, we investigated whether a consensus approach would enhanceoverall prediction quality. Additionally, the predicted solute descriptorswere directly used to derive environmentally and analytically relevantpartition coefficients, demonstrating that reliable LSER-based propertypredictions are feasible even for chemicals lacking experimental descriptordata or large property-specific training sets. By enabling descriptorgeneration at scale, this work improves the practical applicabilityof LSER modeling and strengthens its role as a transferable and data-efficienttool for environmental fate and risk assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":29801,"journal":{"name":"ACS Environmental Au","volume":"6 5","pages":"851–863"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149040761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Refined Soil NO Emissions on Summertime Ozone Modeling and Mitigation Efficacy: A Case Study in China","authors":"Xin Wang,&nbsp;Ling Huang,&nbsp;Zhihui Kong,&nbsp;Daniel Huber,&nbsp;Jiong Fang,&nbsp;Jiani Tan,&nbsp;Qing Mu,&nbsp;Greg Yarwood,&nbsp;Yangjun Wang,&nbsp;Andy Chan,&nbsp;Li Li","doi":"10.1021/acsenvironau.6c00118","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsenvironau.6c00118","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Tropospheric ozone(O₃) pollution during summertimehas emerged as a major environmental challenge in China. While anthropogenicNO<em>x</em> controls are being aggressively implemented,the influence of biogenic sources, particularly soil NO emissionsduring peak agricultural periods, remains a critical uncertainty inair quality modeling. This study investigates the influence of refinedsoil NO emissions on O₃ simulation during a representativesummertime period (June 2020). By integrating updated environmentalresponse functions, high-resolution fertilizer data, and correctedcropland emission factors into a modified Berkeley–DalhousieSoil NO Parameterization (BDSNP) scheme, we developed a refined soilNO inventory that leads to a total soil NO estimate of 1.15 Tg N for2020. Evaluation against 16 in situ flux observations shows a significantreduction in normalized mean bias (NMB, from −38% to −14%).Our numerical simulations reveal that soil NO contributes approximately15%∼22% to NO₂ and 6%∼14% to the population-weightedMDA8 O₃ in major urban agglomerations during the simulationperiod. More importantly, we find that although the overall modelbias for surface O₃ shows limited statistical improvement,the refined inventory substantially alters the model’s sensitivityto anthropogenic emission controls. A 40% reduction in anthropogenicNO<em>x</em> yields a much smaller O₃ benefit (2.5ppb) compared to the original scheme (4.5 ppb), suggesting that underestimatingsummertime soil NO may lead to overoptimistic projections of anthropogenicmitigation efficacy during peak pollution months. This case studyhighlights the necessity of accounting for agricultural nitrogen managementin designing effective O₃ control strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":29801,"journal":{"name":"ACS Environmental Au","volume":"6 5","pages":"914–925"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149040996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling Ambient Oxidation of Aerosol Oleic Acid with Bayesian Statistics","authors":"Zhongliang Huang,&nbsp;Shuhui Zhu,&nbsp;Zongjun Li,&nbsp;Yongyi Zhao,&nbsp;Liping Qiao,&nbsp;Min Zhou,&nbsp;Dandan Huang,&nbsp;Hongli Wang,&nbsp;Qingyan Fu,&nbsp;Huan Yu,&nbsp;Jian Zhen Yu,&nbsp;Qiongqiong Wang","doi":"10.1021/acsenvironau.6c00106","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsenvironau.6c00106","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The heterogeneousoxidation of organic aerosols (OA) is a criticalatmospheric process, but predictive modeling is hindered by a lackof ambient decay kinetic data and an undefined quantitative relationshipwith environmental variables. Using unsaturated fatty acids (uFAs)as model OA compounds, we determined the ambient decay rates of oleic,elaidic, and linoleic acids from long-term measurements at two sitesin Shanghai, China. The decay rates showed minimal seasonal variationsdespite significant shifts in temperature, ozone, and initial uFAconcentrations and OA matrix. Analysis revealed a distinct temperaturedependence of uFA decay rates that differed across temperature regimes,corroborating previous observations alongside a compound influencefrom other environmental parameters. By applying Bayesian statisticalcalibration, we derived quantitative parametrizations for oleic aciddecay rates specific to each temperature regime. OC exerts a suppressiveeffect on reaction rates, especially at low temperatures, whereasthe influence of reactant concentrations becomes increasingly importantat higher temperatures. The results advance the mechanistic understandingof uFA heterogeneous oxidations and provide a robust, observationallyconstrained framework for improving model parametrizations of OA agingunder realistic atmospheric conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":29801,"journal":{"name":"ACS Environmental Au","volume":"6 5","pages":"903–913"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149041008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Watershed Land Use on Contamination of the Sediments of Lake Victoria, Africa: A Case Study of Pesticides, Alkylphenols, and Antimicrobial Agents","authors":"Merolyne Natuhwera,&nbsp;Liudmyla Khvalbota,&nbsp;Kenneth Arinaitwe,&nbsp;Krištof Urban,&nbsp;Edward Mubiru,&nbsp;Florence Nantaba,&nbsp;Peter Oswald,&nbsp;Zaccheus Shehu,&nbsp;George William Atwoki Nyakairu,&nbsp;Patrick Ssebugere,&nbsp;Ivan Špánik","doi":"10.1021/acsenvironau.6c00060","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsenvironau.6c00060","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Freshwater lakes are vulnerable to land-use changes thatpromotethe input and accumulation of organic pollutants in sediments, posingrisks to aquatic ecosystems. This study assessed the relationshipbetween watershed land use and the occurrence of selected pesticides,antimicrobial agents, and alkylphenols in surface sediments of LakeVictoria in Africa. Surface sediment samples (<em>n</em> =38) were collected in September 2019 across the Uganda, Kenya, andTanzania sides of the lake. The samples were extracted using ultrasound-assistedextraction (UAE) and analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry(GC–MS). 16 out of 23 target compounds were detected, withpesticides showing low concentrations (&lt;LOD to 0.662 μg/kgdry weight (d.w.)). Endrin-ketone and β-hexachlorocyclohexane(β-HCH) were the most frequently detected pesticides (frequencyof appearance (FoA) at 42.1 and 28.9%, respectively). In contrast,alkylphenols and antimicrobial agents were ubiquitous, with 4-phenylphenolexhibiting the highest level (1,571.5 μg/kg d.w.). Spatially,elevated contaminant loads along the northern and northeastern shoresof the lake coincided with catchments dominated by croplands and built-upareas, indicating the influence of agricultural runoff, urban wastewater,and riverine inputs on sediment contamination. Ecological risk assessmentidentified five priority compounds with risk scores &gt;1 (4-<em>tert</em>-octylphenol, 2-phenylphenol, 4-phenylphenol, β-HCH,and 4-<em>n</em>-octylphenol) that pose potential aquaticecotoxic risks to aquatic organisms. This study demonstrates thatactivities related to agriculture, industrialization, and urban developmentare the main drivers of sediment contamination in the lake, highlightingthe need for targeted catchment management and monitoring.</p>","PeriodicalId":29801,"journal":{"name":"ACS Environmental Au","volume":"6 5","pages":"841–850"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149041033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peking University Cold Aerosol Flow Tube (PKU-CAT): Development and Characterization for Studying Wintertime Secondary Organic Aerosol Formation","authors":"Jixuan Wang,&nbsp;Mikinori Kuwata,&nbsp;Yingjun Liu","doi":"10.1021/acsenvironau.5c00298","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsenvironau.5c00298","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) is an important contributortoatmospheric particulate matter. Temperature has been suggested asa key factor impacting SOA yields, yet laboratory data are sparse,particularly for technically challenging subzero temperature ranges.To address this issue, we developed the Peking University Cold AerosolFlow Tube (PKU-CAT). The PKU-CAT can be operated for the temperaturerange of −20 to 30 °C, covering most ground surface temperatures,particularly those encountered in urban environments. The PKU-CATfeatures a 1.5 m long quartz tube, with an inner diameter of 19 cmand a total volume of 42.5 L. It employs light-emitting diodes (LEDs)with a peak wavelength of 367 nm to photolyze isopropyl nitrite forOH radical generation, achieving an atmospheric equivalent OH exposuretime of approximately 1 day for the whole operational temperaturerange. Relative humidity (RH) in the PKU-CAT can be controlled upto 80%, even below 0 °C. The system is equipped with a scanningmobility particle analyzer (SMPS) that allows isothermal samplingof particles. The residence time distribution and gas- and particle-transmissionefficiencies of the PKU-CAT are comparable to those of existing quasi-laminaroxidation flow reactors (OFRs) operated at room temperature. Photooxidationexperiments of α-pinene were conducted for characterizing SOAformation. At 20 °C, the SOA yields obtained with the PKU-CATranged from 13 to 21% for organic mass concentration of 17–57μg m^–3, comparable to those reported in previousenvironmental chamber studies. When the temperature was reduced to−16 °C, the SOA yields increased from 21% to over 100%for the same initial α-pinene mixing ratio (50 ppb), suggestingthat the impact of temperature on the SOA formation process needsto be further investigated in future studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":29801,"journal":{"name":"ACS Environmental Au","volume":"6 5","pages":"776–787"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149040725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atmospheric Reactivity and Environmental Implications of 2-Propoxyethanol: Kinetic and Mechanistic Insights into Its Oxidation by OH, NO3, and Cl","authors":"Sagrario Salgado,&nbsp;Inmaculada Aranda,&nbsp;Pilar Martín,&nbsp;Florentina Villanueva,&nbsp;Elena Molina,&nbsp;Beatriz Cabañas","doi":"10.1021/acsenvironau.6c00061","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsenvironau.6c00061","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Hydroxyethers (HEs)are widely used oxygenated volatileorganiccompounds (OVOCs). Among them, 2-propoxyethanol (CH₃CH₂CH₂OCH₂CH₂OH, 2-PE) is ofparticular interest due to its extensive use and the limited mechanisticinformation available regarding its atmospheric degradation. Thesecharacteristics place 2-PE as a compound of emerging environmentalinterest and motivate a detailed investigation of its reactivity withkey atmospheric oxidants. This compound is commonly used as a solventand emulsifying agent for hydrophobic substances, and it has beenproposed as a biodiesel additive. Once released into the atmosphere,2-PE undergoes degradation processes mainly by reactions with oxidants(OH and NO₃ radicals, Cl atoms). This study provides akinetic and mechanistic investigation of the atmospheric degradationof 2-PE using FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) and GC-MSTOF(gas chromatography/mass spectrometry time of flight). Rate coefficientsat ambient temperature and pressure, were (units cm³ molecule^–1 s^–1): (1.99 ± 0.12) ×10^–10, (2.54 ± 0.15) × 10^–11 and (7.20 ± 0.53) × 10^–15 for Cl, OH^• and NO₃^• reactions, respectively.Detected products include formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propyl formate,2-hydroxyethyl formate and 2-hydroxyethyl propanoate, quantified byFTIR, and nitrated compounds detected in the presence of NO_<em>x</em>. Based on product distributions and structure–reactivityrelationships, two predominant reaction pathways are proposed, bothinitiated by the oxidant attack on the –CH₂–group adjacent to the ether. Atmospheric lifetimes indicate that OH^• reaction dominates the 2-PE removal. Estimated GWPand ozone formation indices confirm that 2-propoxyethanol is a short-livedVOC with limited direct climate impact, while providing a basis forcomparison with structurally related glycol ethers and other VOCs.</p>","PeriodicalId":29801,"journal":{"name":"ACS Environmental Au","volume":"6 5","pages":"829–840"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149040986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}