The Open Communication Journal最新文献

{"title":"Addressing HIV/AIDS: Indian Journalists’ Opinion about News Coverage, Journalist Roles, and Strategic Communication Efforts","authors":"J. Ramaprasad","doi":"10.2174/1874916X01105010011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874916X01105010011","url":null,"abstract":"It is estimated that 2.5 million people in India are HIV positive. Set within the context of the role of communication in addressing social justice issues, this paper describes a qualitative study of Indian journalists' opinions about the quality of press coverage of HIV/AIDS in India, including its socially responsible nature, if present, the role of public journalism in this coverage, obstacles to and ways of improving this coverage, and the effectiveness of HIV/AIDS strategic campaigns. The data were gathered from nine journalists in two Indian cities representing English or local (Gujarati) language newspapers. The general consensus was that coverage had created awareness. Traditional news values were the filters for selecting HIV/AIDS stories rather than any overriding socially responsible approach. The journalists were unanimously against getting involved in communities and then reporting on them as some definitions of social responsibility public journalism suggest because this would compromise their objectivity. Obstacles to good coverage included the need to understand the topic (time consuming) and the need to have an open mind (not always present) and suggestions to improve coverage included messaging in Bollywood films, which have a hold on the Indian public. Journalists had mixed views on the effectiveness of campaigns addressing HIV/AIDS. Some felt that these had done a reasonable amount of good work, others that NGOs wasted money.","PeriodicalId":297766,"journal":{"name":"The Open Communication Journal","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121145108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Semantic Network and Categorical Content Analysis of Internet and Online Media Research","authors":"Sungjoon Lee, J. Kim, Devan Rosen","doi":"10.2174/1874916X00903010015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874916X00903010015","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the growth of new media and Internet research from 1991 to 2005. A multi-method approach using both semantic network and categorical content analysis of research abstracts from published manuscripts in ComAbstracts was performed to reveal the occurrence of relevant keywords and parallel theoretical development over time. The categorical content analysis found that 1) Internet and new (online) media studies have not been successful in finding underdeveloped or possible future uses of media although they have rapidly increased their volume, and that 2) traditional research agendas including effect, use, and development of media have been frequently studied. Semantic network analyses revealed that meaning clusters of Internet research abstracts are composed of 1) social aspect and 2) issue-based and policy agendas. The current research expanded previous analyses by using a greater number of keywords, an extended time frame, dual methods, and a more comprehensive coverage of academic journals.","PeriodicalId":297766,"journal":{"name":"The Open Communication Journal","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122380560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The \"Health Supplying\": Between Service and Complexity †","authors":"Oscar Tamburis","doi":"10.2174/1874916X00903010009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874916X00903010009","url":null,"abstract":"The evolution of the organizational theories has brought to an overtaking of univocal rules of good organization, focused on the importance of setting fixed schemes and plans in theorizing and designing the company organizational framework. It's clear in fact that the surrounding environment can strongly influence the organization and its need to adopt particular working and coordination forms. By this way, the healthcare public utilities' interpretations and orientations point today on men's \"well-being\", meant as a positive interfacing between person and organization, as a reply to an old working culture, made of control and distrust rather than incentive and valorization. The need of a \"systemic thought\", to achieve a satisfying comprehension of the relational dynamics within an organizational context, is highlighted as well by the \"complex methodology\" approach: the fact that currently, concepts like customer satisfaction, assessment of perceived quality, user and client are spreading in the healthcare field, points out the deep changes in action in the perspective of healthcare operators, now called to see the patients not anymore as passive objects of the medical act, but as active subjects in a new relational dimension.","PeriodicalId":297766,"journal":{"name":"The Open Communication Journal","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127425173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Fuzzy Logic Approach to Changing Media Frames of Arafat and Sharon Following the Cataclysmic Events of Sept. 11, 2001","authors":"G. Tsekouras, Philemon Bantimaroudis, S. D. Ross","doi":"10.2174/1874916X00903010001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874916X00903010001","url":null,"abstract":"U.S. perceptions of the world shifted on Sept. 11, 2001. The changed U.S. understanding of the world clearly is tied to events. However, given the power of mediated messages of traumatic events to reshape media consumer’s interpretation of reality, Americans post-Sept. 11 understanding also may be tied to changes in media presentations of news events and actors. To assess the extent to which U.S. media portrayals of the world changed after Sept. 11, the authors scrutinized one global elite newspaper’s portrayals of two Middle East leaders engaged in chronic violence and acts of terror. Using categorical variables to represent different media frames and employing fuzzy logic cluster analysis, the authors determined that The New York Times’ portrayal of Ariel Sharon and Yasser Arafat changed following the Sept.","PeriodicalId":297766,"journal":{"name":"The Open Communication Journal","volume":"276 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114529459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Communicating Authority Online: Perceptions and Interpretations of Internet Credibility among College Students","authors":"Derek Lackaff, P. Cheong","doi":"10.2174/1874916X00802010143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874916X00802010143","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses how students understand and interpret credibility in their search for online information, especially in relation to websites such as Wikipedia, which present new approaches to authority and information management. Based on focus group and survey data, we found that source authority is not a major determinant in students' informational evaluations, in contrast to some previous research. Due to the difficulty of reliably determining source characteristics and to compensate for this perceived lack of authority, students corroborate information with additional sources and employ other heuristic strategies. Wikipedia poses an interesting epistemological challenge as it represents a relatively novel form of authority and information creation - open editing by semi-anonymous visitors to the site. We find that student credibility assessments are highly pragmatic, and present an expanded model of assessment that accounts for the contemporary communication on the web, with implications for communication researchers and educators.","PeriodicalId":297766,"journal":{"name":"The Open Communication Journal","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125299427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The scientific method in public relations: a dialectic approach","authors":"Jordi Xifra","doi":"10.2174/1874916X00701010009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874916X00701010009","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the assertion that public relations is an applied social science, this article will attempt, by means of hypothetical and deductive methodology, to demonstrate the importance of the scientific method in public relations. After identifying the social reality which is the object of study of public relations, the author highlights the need to deduce how the scientist can comprehend this reality, or in other words, the channels that should be used in attaining this understand- ing. The method itself enables a better understanding of the results of scientific research as well as allowing a clearer un- derstanding of the very process of research. In this way, the dialectic method is the most appropriate for public relations scientists.","PeriodicalId":297766,"journal":{"name":"The Open Communication Journal","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134343692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Case for a TLD for Wales","authors":"I. Madoc-Jones","doi":"10.2174/1874916X00802010136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874916X00802010136","url":null,"abstract":"This article explores the rationales for creating specific top level domain (TLD) names to support minority languages and cultures, focussing specifically on the case for a TLD .cy or .cym for Wales. Some background information on domain names and Wales and the Welsh language is provided. Following on from this, the way identity may be constructed is explored and the importance of TLD's in terms of enabling individuals to perform their identity is highlighted. The issues that arise with using the current .uk TLD in Wales is explored. Finally the rationale for a .cym TLD for Wales as opposed to any other is considered. THE CASE FOR A TLD FOR WALES Over the last few years a number of campaigns have sought to establish top level domain (TLD) names on the internet for the use of particular minority groups. Examples include the campaign run by puntCAT to establish a .cat TLD for the Catalan language and culture and the campaign run by dotCYM to establish a .cym TLD for the Welsh language and Culture. In September 2005, and as the result of a long campaign by puntCat activists, ICANN approved the first top-level domain to be dedicated to a particular language and culture when it registered the .cat sponsored TLD name for the Catalan community (Atkinson, 2006). According to Gerrand (2006) it came into being only after considerable political wrangling within Spain, Catalonia and the ICANN. That such a campaign was thought worthwhile will be baffling to many internet users. According to Edwards (1994) most majority language speakers remain unconvinced of the desirability of officially-supported minority cultural and linguistic programmes. This article explores the rationale behind such campaigns, focussing specifically on the rationale behind establishing a TLD for Wales. It begins with a brief outline of what domain names are and how they are allocated. Next, some background on Wales and the Welsh language is provided. Following on from this, the various debates concerning the significance of a domain name to a minority groups and culture are explored. How identity is performed and achieved and a domain name may be significant in this process is foregrounded. The problems that arise with using the current .uk TLD in Wales is then explored and finally the rationale for adopting a g-TLD for Wales such as .cym, as opposed to any other g-TLD is considered. TOP LEVEL DOMAIN NAMES","PeriodicalId":297766,"journal":{"name":"The Open Communication Journal","volume":"115 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116101170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How Viagra Has Been Framed Since Its Launch: A Framing Analysis of Major Newspapers in South Korea and the USA","authors":"Eyun‐Jung Ki, Jangyul Robert Kim","doi":"10.2174/1874916X00802010108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874916X00802010108","url":null,"abstract":"This study was designed to compare the coverage of Viagra by newspapers in South Korea and the United States, considering that different sexual cultures exist in these two countries. A total of 421 articles from four major news- papers, Chosun Ilbo and Dong-A Ilbo in Korea and The New York Times and USA Today in the United States, were ana- lyzed. It was found that Korean newspapers covered Viagra as a medical drug, whereas American newspapers more fre- quently framed Viagra as a social influencer. Also, it was determined that American newspapers more frequently drew in- formation from drug manufacturers and patients, whereas Korean papers utilized experts, the government, and interna- tional or foreign news as their information sources. Further findings and implications also are discussed.","PeriodicalId":297766,"journal":{"name":"The Open Communication Journal","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130197964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Democratization of Science and Biotechnological Development: Public Debate on GM Maize in South Africa","authors":"P. Mwale","doi":"10.2174/1874916X00802010117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874916X00802010117","url":null,"abstract":"The Mandela 1 government that came into power in 1994 made the democratization of science and technology a priority in post-apartheid South Africa (Joubert, 2001, p. 316). Attendant ideas of Science Communication and Public Understanding of Biotechnology 2 have hitherto become currency in South Africa’s public sector drive towards the democratization of science. Democratization of science and technology implies that the people as non-experts are an integral part of all deliberations on policy, regulation and control of science and technology, for example, in debates or controversies on issues arising from biotechnology. Democratization of science and technology is about the sociopolitical control of science and technology by wider society. Science and technology must be controlled by wider society because evil-minded groups of people can ill-use it to inflict harm on other groups of people. Moreover, certain unscrupulous and corrupt business entities can collude with the state and/or powerful and influential sociopolitical figures in societies to exploit and abuse indigenous scientific resources as well as endogenous modes of specialized scientific knowledge. On the latter, for example, they can evoke intellectual property rights (IPR) to patent resources that are not theirs historically. Thus, the ideal-type of democracy makes it imperative for the people of South Africa and of other societies in Africa to understand and actively participate in developments in science and technology. 3 This need necessitates increasing scholarly attention to be given to questions of science communication and public understanding of science, arising at the intersection between science, society and politics in South and southern Africa. Some of the major drivers of the processes of the democratization of science are social movements, which are elements of civil society (Ballard, Habib and Valodia, 2006). Social movements do fill and are apt to fill an important gap in science communication and public understanding of biotechnology in South and southern Africa. Scientists are accused generally of being poor communicators of science and technology, preferring to work in isolation, behind closed doors, in laboratories (Latour, 1987). Science communities are notoriously insular (Weingart et al., 2000). News media practitioners are accused of misrepresenting-by distorting, oversimplifying, or sensationalizing-science in public domains and of passively resisting science communication (Joubert, 2001, pp. 324-5). Yet there is a lack of scholarly attention to the role of social movements in the democratization of science in Africa as a whole. Practically, the democratization of science is partial, ad hoc, and biased in South and southern Africa. 4 Therefore, overall, it is unclear what the nature and role of interventions of social movements are in the democratisation of science in Africa.","PeriodicalId":297766,"journal":{"name":"The Open Communication Journal","volume":"324 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133434953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cell Phone Usage and Social Interaction with Proximate Others: Ringing in a Theoretical Model","authors":"Omotayo O. Banjo, Yifeng Hu, S. Sundar","doi":"10.2174/1874916X00802010127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874916X00802010127","url":null,"abstract":"Observational research on the social impact of cell phone usage in public places suggests that the mere pres- ence of cell phones in public conflicts the private and public spheres and inhibits social interaction with proximate others (strangers or known persons). The purpose of this paper is to develop a theoretical model for which social effects of cell phone usage in public places documented in observational studies can be empirically tested. In this paper, we discuss various variables to consider in the study of cell phone usage (CPU) and social interaction with proximate others (SIPO). We offer a modest experiment of CPU in the context of social participation, a form of social interaction. Focusing on helping behavior in particular, results indicate that while on the cell phone, users are less likely to offer help. Findings im- ply that CPU in public places can distract users from social responsibilities, as they neglect the environment surrounding them.","PeriodicalId":297766,"journal":{"name":"The Open Communication Journal","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127755991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}