Journal of Social and Development Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Food Insecurity in Thailand during the Coronavirus Pandemic","authors":"J. Walsh, P. Lovichakorntikul","doi":"10.22610/jsds.v13i4(s).3347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22610/jsds.v13i4(s).3347","url":null,"abstract":"Food insecurity is a reality for millions of people around the world and affects even relatively affluent populations such as those found in urban Bangkok in Thailand. It is anticipated that the ongoing coronavirus pandemic will have intensified the presence of food insecurity both in the initial closedown that prevented food from entering the city but, also, in the longer term as the economic damage has intensified across the country. This raises questions about the extent to which people are experiencing food insecurity and how are they dealing with it. In particular, what level of resilience are people showing in response to the crisis? A qualitative research program of personal interviews was organized to explore these issues. Content analysis revealed that the sample was responding to these issues in a manner generally predicted by the existing research but with the addition of a non-technical form of mindful meditation we have called ‘everyday fatalism.’ The paper contributes to awareness of food insecurity in Thailand during the coronavirus period and an understanding of the adaptability of people in a Buddhist society dealing with hardship. The spiritual element of life is present in becoming resilient according to how respondents describe their experiences.","PeriodicalId":297443,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Social and Development Sciences","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132498660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stateless Rohingya Refugees in Bangladesh: Life and Livelihood Challenges","authors":"M. Faisal, Zobayer Ahmed","doi":"10.22610/jsds.v13i4(s).3326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22610/jsds.v13i4(s).3326","url":null,"abstract":"Rohingya is one of the most persecuted ethnic minority groups in the world, as identified by United Nations. More than one million Rohingya refugees, over half of whom are children, live at various camps in Cox’s Bazar district in Bangladesh. This study uses a mixed methodology approach based on primary data to examine the life and livelihood challenges of Rohingya people in the refugee camps. The study's findings reveal that there is a severe scarcity of basic human needs in the Rohingya camps and a prevalence of widespread human rights violations. Among the life and livelihood challenges in the camps are- poor health services, the weak structure of shelter, scarcity of nutritious food, inadequate water and sanitation infrastructure, lack of education facilities after secondary school, gender-based violence, insecurity, congestion and lack of privacy, limited freedom of movement, and high risk of landslide. The study's findings may guide governments and NGOs operating in Rohingya camps to ensure the community's basic needs and human rights.","PeriodicalId":297443,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Social and Development Sciences","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127225966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Host Community Attitudes Towards Internally Displaced Persons: Evidence from Al-Bab, Syria","authors":"Musallam Abedtalas, A. R. Mamo","doi":"10.22610/jsds.v13i4(s).3325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22610/jsds.v13i4(s).3325","url":null,"abstract":"Considering the unique context of the Al-Bab area in Syria hosting Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs), we tested the role of economic individual self-interest in shaping a host community’s attitude towards IDPs. The findings from analyzing data collected from 496 households indicated that self-interest had a significant effect on their attitudes. Interestingly, when positive and negative attitudes were isolated from each other, the findings revealed that the factors shaping the former may not always be the same for the latter. The particular value of this study is in exploring the host community’s attitude towards IDPs, something which has not been studied and thus contributes to enhancing our knowledge about the attitude towards newcomers.","PeriodicalId":297443,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Social and Development Sciences","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126074277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Social Learning Theory and Gender Representations in Leadership Positions. A case of Health Sector in Tanzania","authors":"Z. K. Khamis","doi":"10.22610/jsds.v13i4(s).3318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22610/jsds.v13i4(s).3318","url":null,"abstract":"Using the Mbinga council as a case, this study sought to document the influence of the social learning theory on gender representation in leadership positions in the Tanzanian health sector. Interviews, semi-structured questionnaires, and a literature review were used to collect data. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20 was used to analyze quantitative data while content analysis was used to analyze qualitative data. The study revealed that in the Tanzanian health sector, the number of women employees is more than that of men, with most of them holding lower positions, which is directly associated with the socialization of boys and girls during their upbringing. Based on the study findings, the study concludes that, despite Tanzania being a signatory to many gender-related international conventions and having many-gender related laws, policies and programs, the gender gap in leadership positions in the health sector is still wide, caused by, among other things, how males and females were brought up. Therefore, full commitment is needed, starting at the family level, to challenge the patriarchal system in the raising of male and female children. Based on the study findings and conclusion, the study recommends that: (i) the government should raise awareness at the grassroots level of discriminative norms and traditions to discourage them. (ii) multiple actors should collaborate (i.e., the family, schools, organizations, the private sector, non-government organizations (NGOs), faith-based organizations (FBOs), community-based organizations (CBOs), the local communities themselves and the state) to ensure gender equality in raising children, which will improve gender representation in administrative leadership positions.","PeriodicalId":297443,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Social and Development Sciences","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126711651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Candidate Policy Ideas and Other Factors that Affect Election Results: A Case Study of Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology","authors":"Andy Anim, John Obeng Addai, Ernest Osei Akuokuo, Rebecca Hammond, Casey Esaa Sey","doi":"10.22610/jsds.v13i1(s).3298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22610/jsds.v13i1(s).3298","url":null,"abstract":"Politics primarily focuses on decision-making and resource allocation. This resource allocation may emerge from political parties and candidates' policy proposals. Numerous studies have explored the impact of candidate policy proposals on election outcomes, but less attention has been paid to the impact of other factors. Using Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST) as a case study, the study examines the impact of candidate policy proposals and other factors such as ethnicity, gender, and party affiliation on election outcomes. Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST) is located in Kumasi, in the Ashanti Region of Ghana. The sample size of 255 people came from the Department of History and Political Studies and the Department of English, both of which are part of the Faculty of Social Sciences. The third and fourth-year students in these departments were given online Google-style questionnaires. In addition, journal, article, and book data were used to support the analysis. The majority of survey respondents stated that politicians' policy opinions have a considerable impact on elections, which was a significant conclusion. In order to provide equal opportunity for all, the laws governing gender discrimination and ethnic politics must be properly enforced and followed. Possession of a party card should not be a prerequisite for receiving benefits in the country. Everyone should have equal access to opportunities.","PeriodicalId":297443,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Social and Development Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116131504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wastewater Management in Hanoi: The Possibility of Using a Soft Path Approach","authors":"Nguyen Thi Thu Trang, J. Walsh, Robert McClelland","doi":"10.22610/jsds.v13i1(s).3220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22610/jsds.v13i1(s).3220","url":null,"abstract":"Hanoi is known as the City of Lakes because there are some one hundred natural or manmade watercourses within its territory. However, in common with all of Vietnam, more than 60% of the city’s water resources derive from beyond the country’s borders. Much of that water is polluted, both within Hanoi and downstream because wastewater is discharged directly into the Nhue and Day rivers via the Nhat Tuu and Ba sewers, among other channels. International attempts to revive the To Lich River in the city, notorious for its black color and unwholesome smell, have proved to have only limited success. There is some scope for new materials to improve filtration effects and experiments in this area continue. Rapid urbanization in Hanoi has been intensified by the sudden decision to increase the city’s size so that it became comparable to the southern capital of Ho Chi Minh City. This has led to large areas of industrial land being incorporated into municipal water management systems. One possible means of relieving the pressure on these systems would be to employ approaches derived from the soft path of water management. To date, most scientific investigation of these issues depends almost entirely on technocratic approaches to water management issues and the attempt to force technical solutions to deal with social issues. Consequently, this paper investigates the possibility of understanding how Hanoi residents interact with current wastewater management approaches and how their needs might be better met in the future.","PeriodicalId":297443,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Social and Development Sciences","volume":"210 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132101859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Factors Influencing Intergenerational Mobility Levels among Higher Education Graduates in Brazil: A Comparison of the Years 2004 and 2018","authors":"Luana Dos Santos Fraga, T. Pelegrini, Izete Pengo Bagolin","doi":"10.22610/jsds.v13i1(s).3294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22610/jsds.v13i1(s).3294","url":null,"abstract":"The paper aims to analyze the levels of educational intergenerational mobility of students graduating from higher education in the years 2004 and 2018 and to identify the characteristics associated with the chances of higher levels of educational intergenerational mobility. The paper's main contribution is to provide evidence regarding how public policies contributed to intergenerational mobility. Moreover, the results highlight the persistent inequalities, which are often veiled by apparently positive results that do not conform to the real conditions necessary to break the cycle of poverty between generations. We use data from the Brazilian National Student Performance Exam (ENADE) and estimate an Ordered Probit. The study innovates in the use of data from university graduates, construction of mobility levels, calculation of mobility in relation to the father and the mother separately and controlling for the effect of higher education expansion policies. The results show that greater chances of intergenerational mobility in relation to parents are linked to the following conditions: being a woman; being over 24; a lower income family; not white or yellow; financially helping the family; studying in private institutions; having a scholarship or a Fies loan; being a ‘quota student’ and being a distance learning.","PeriodicalId":297443,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Social and Development Sciences","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115137086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Participation and Hindrances to Students’ Recreation at Selected Universities in Ondo State, Nigeria","authors":"Damilola Moronkeji B., D. Ayeni, A. Emmanuel","doi":"10.22610/jsds.v13i1(s).3285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22610/jsds.v13i1(s).3285","url":null,"abstract":"Recreation has several benefits, one of which is the health advantage that it brings to those who engage in it. Apart from being beneficial to health, one of the other benefits is in connection with good academic performance that it stimulates. This study focused on three selected public universities in Ondo State, Nigeria. It investigates the availability of recreational facilities, students' level of participation in recreational activities, and hindrances to students’ recreational participation in the selected universities. A purposive sample of 300 students was adopted and disaggregated into 106, 139 and 55 for the Federal University of Technology, Akure (FUTA), Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko (AAUA), and Ondo State University of Science and Technology, Okitipupa (OSUSTECH) respectively, using the relative population of students in the three universities. Data acquisition instruments included a questionnaire, interview and observation. The questionnaire administration involved a multi-stage sampling procedure that cumulated in obtaining data from the final-year students of each university's faculties and departments. Findings revealed that students' participation in recreation was at low ebb in the three universities with varying degrees of hindrances to participation across the institutions. Poor or absent facilities were the most dominant hindrance to recreation. The worst case was in OSUSTECH where the school authority did not provide any recreational facility on campus. Recommendations include sensitization programs to enlighten students on the need for recreation and the benefits of same to their health and educational pursuit; and upscaling of recreational facilities in the studied institutions.","PeriodicalId":297443,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Social and Development Sciences","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126224291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effects of Globalized Media on Northern Cultures: A Case Study of Dagomba, Frafra and Wala Ethnic Groups in Tamale Metropolis","authors":"Andy Anim, Stephen Oppong, Sarah Geraldo, Mohammed Suruju Gariba, Richard Obeng, Prince Ampiah Ocran, Shormei Naa Odonkor","doi":"10.22610/jsds.v13i1(s).3297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22610/jsds.v13i1(s).3297","url":null,"abstract":"The existence of globalized media has influenced most people's ways of living, causing significant changes in Ghana's northern culture. Accepting different civilizations, such as Christian and Islamic civilizations, results in a hybridization of culture, which is shown in their way of life and attitudes regarding issues. This study uses the ethnic groupings of the Dagomba, Frafra, and Wala in Tamale to investigate the effects of globalized media. The study used both quantitative and qualitative research methods to collect relevant data. Using SPSS version 22, it also used descriptive statistics for descriptive analysis and cross-tabulations, as well as the Kendall Coefficient of Concordance to examine the amount of agreement for some specific variables. Out of the ninety people polled, 54 had a television, which they usually used to watch Telenovelas (42.2 %). The outcomes of this study imply that there is a favorable impact on Ghana's northern culture, as seen by their attitude toward social issues (65.6 %) and clothing style (23.3 %). This indicates that while there may be favorable cultural changes, there may also be bad changes. Globalized media, which has the highest rank of 1.73 in the Kendall Coefficient of Concordance, is at the center of it all, playing a vital role in interweaving cultures across time and place. The study suggests that, because the media has a favorable impact on people's attitudes toward social concerns in the north, media houses should promote more social programs","PeriodicalId":297443,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Social and Development Sciences","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134213308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Impact of Human Resource Management Practices on Employee's Retention: Evidence from the Food and Beverage Industry in the State of Qatar","authors":"O. D. Awolusi, Shirley Shamen Jayakody","doi":"10.22610/jsds.v12i4(s).3203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22610/jsds.v12i4(s).3203","url":null,"abstract":"Employee turnover is stated as a huge issue concerning business organizations in Qatar. The organizations in the food and beverage industry of Qatar try to retain the employees by using suitable and appropriate human resource policies. Consequently, the paper analyzed the influence of human resources management practices on employee’s retention in the food and beverage industry of Qatar. In the present study, the researcher used a simple random sampling method to select the employees in the F&B industry in Qatar to minimize the chances of sampling error or fluctuations and biases in the data. According to the sample size calculation, 41 samples were used for data collection. But only 35 respondents were given responses to questionnaire filling. Therefore, 35 samples were only used in this study. Thus, a survey questionnaire was the research instrument. The questionnaire contained 14 close-ended questions, divided, into two sections, demographic and non-demographic. Considering the study objectives, the quantitative, data analysis method was applied in this study. The survey responses were converted into numeric values as those were collected through a replicable scale. Inferential, reliability, correlation and multiple regression analysis were applied to test the hypotheses. The study concluded that HR Recruitment policy, Training, and development program, Performance appraisal system; Reward system are important determinants of employee retention in the food and beverage industry of Qatar. Specifically, the reasons for increasing employee's turnover are lack of growth opportunities, poor communication, improper promotional activities, and misalignment of culture and value system, lack of decision-making ability, employee welfare, work-life imbalance and regular changes in job responsibilities. The study, therefore, recommended the following: greater employee’s involvement in the HRM policy formulation and implementation, improved employee’s compensation, social recognition, efficient top management support, as well as improved training and development in the food and beverage industry in Qatar.","PeriodicalId":297443,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Social and Development Sciences","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123526260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}