Hepatology Forum最新文献

{"title":"Can first-trimester aspartate aminotransferase/platelet ratio index score predict intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy?","authors":"Koray Gok, Taha Takmaz, Osman Kose, Nevin Tuten, Abdullah Serdar Acikgoz, Mehmet Suhha Bostanci, Selcuk Ozden","doi":"10.14744/hf.2022.2022.0031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14744/hf.2022.2022.0031","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Aim The study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and platelet values in predicting intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) in the first trimester, together with the aspartate aminotransferase/platelet ratio index (APRI) score. Materials and Methods This study consisted of a patient group diagnosed with ICP (n=49) and a control group (n=62). Laboratory tests of both groups were analyzed retrospectively. Results The first-trimester APRI score and AST and ALT values were found to be statistically significantly higher than those of the control group. The platelet value was found to be statistically significantly lower in the study group, even though it was within the normal reference range. Conclusion The first-trimester APRI score was found to be effective in predicting ICP. In addition, the first-trimester AST, ALT, and platelet values were found to be effective in predicting ICP diagnosed in the third trimester even though if not as much as the APRI score.","PeriodicalId":29722,"journal":{"name":"Hepatology Forum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/06/9e/hf-4-030.PMC9951895.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9340359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alcohol-related medicosocial problems and liver disorders: Burden of alcoholic cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in Turkiye.","authors":"Yilmaz Cakaloglu","doi":"10.14744/hf.2022.2022.0045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14744/hf.2022.2022.0045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The World Health Organization 2018 report stated that 2.3 billion persons over 15 years old consume alcohol, and a total of 3.0-3.3 million people died because of uncontrolled or harmful alcohol intake in 2016. Injuries, accidents, liver cirrhosis, and other medical disorders are mainly responsible for alcohol-related disability and deaths. After emphasizing the importance of alcohol-related disorders and necessary universal precautions, we focus on alcohol consumption features and alcohol-related cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in Turkiye. It is estimated that alcohol per se is responsible for 12% of cirrhosis and 10% of hepatocellular carcinoma cases. Additional factors such as hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infections have markedly increased the risk of the development of hepatocellular carcinoma in alcoholic cirrhosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":29722,"journal":{"name":"Hepatology Forum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/8f/81/hf-4-040.PMC9951893.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9340357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of magnetic resonance elastography in the evaluation of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.","authors":"Ilkay S Idilman,&nbsp;Musturay Karcaaltincaba","doi":"10.14744/hf.2023.2023.0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14744/hf.2023.2023.0004","url":null,"abstract":"MRE can also be used in the follow-up of NAFLD patients nonin-vasively. A recent study showed a 15% increase in MRE-LSM is the strongest predictor of progression to advanced fibrosis in patients with NAFLD. [10] Tamaki et al. [7] also proposed that a combination of MRE with FIB-4 score (MEFIB index) can be used for detecting patients with NAFLD and significant fibrosis for enrollment in NASH clinical trials. Beyond that, MRE-LSM is shown to be a significant predictor of the development of cirrhosis as well as baseline LSM is predictive of the development of liver-related events such as decompensation or death. [11] A recent study that evaluated the MEFIB index showed excellent negative predictive value for hepatic decompensation in patients with NAFLD-related cirrhosis. In this study, the investigators also observed that MRE-LSM is associated with hepatic decompensation, hepatocel-lular carcinoma, and death in patients with NAFLD-related cirrhosis. [12] In conclusion, MRE-LSM is a useful tool for the detection and assessment of hepatic fibrosis in patients with NAFLD. MRE-LSM can also be used for the evaluation of disease progression as well as the predic-tion of disease courses in NAFLD patients.","PeriodicalId":29722,"journal":{"name":"Hepatology Forum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/66/60/hf-4-001.PMC9951892.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10792659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rare association of solitary necrotic nodule of the liver with rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus.","authors":"Nil Kocanali,&nbsp;Fevzi Duhan Berkan Kilickan,&nbsp;Hale Kirimlioglu,&nbsp;Murat Gonenc,&nbsp;Nurdan Tozun,&nbsp;Alp Dincer,&nbsp;Mehmet Erdem Yildiz","doi":"10.14744/hf.2022.2022.0020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14744/hf.2022.2022.0020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Solitary necrotic nodule of the liver (SNNL) is a rare benign lesion with uncertain etiology characterized by a \"completely necrotic core\" and a hyalinized capsule containing elastin fibers (Journal of Clinical Pathology 36:1181-1183, 1983). We report herein a 26-year-old woman with a previous diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and Sjögren's syndrome and no history of malignancy who presented with a complaint of diarrhea of 1-year duration. In the abdominal ultrasound, multiple paraaortic, portocaval, and ileal lymphadenopathies (LAPs) have been found with the largest one being 2 cm in size. The biopsy of the iliac LAP showed reactive nodular hyperplasia. An abdominal CT disclosed an incidental hypoechoic, heterogenous mass sized 27 × 27 mm close to segment VI of the liver. A trucut biopsy of this lesion was made, and clinicopathologic features of the specimen were compatible with a solitary necrotic nodule of the liver. Here, we discuss the diagnosis and the clinical course of this rare entity in light of current literature.</p>","PeriodicalId":29722,"journal":{"name":"Hepatology Forum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/40/69/hf-4-037.PMC9951897.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9355932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychometric tests, critical flicker frequency, and inflammatory indicators in covert hepatic encephalopathy diagnosis.","authors":"Erkut Demirciler,&nbsp;Nilay Danis,&nbsp;Pelin Ergun,&nbsp;Timur Kose,&nbsp;Ilker Turan,&nbsp;Fulya Gunsar,&nbsp;Ulus Salih Akarca,&nbsp;Galip Ersoz,&nbsp;Zeki Karasu","doi":"10.14744/hf.2022.2022.0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14744/hf.2022.2022.0010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a frequent complication of liver diseases. Systemic inflammation is key for HE pathogenesis. The main goal of the study was to investigate the role of psychometric tests, critical flicker frequency (CFF), and comparative evaluation of inflammatory indicators for the diagnosis of covert HE (CHE).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The study was a prospective, nonrandomized, case-control study with a total of 76 cirrhotic patients and 30 healthy volunteers. The West Haven criteria were used to determine the occurrence of CHE in cirrhotic patients. Psychometric tests were applied to healthy and cirrhotic groups. CFF, venous ammonia, serum endotoxin, IL-6, IL-18, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels, and hemogram parameters were evaluated for cirrhotic patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CFF values and psychometric tests were found to accurately discriminate CHE positives from CHE negatives (p<0.05). When the control group was excluded, the digit symbol test and the number connection A test failed, unlike CFF and other psychometric tests. Using CFF, a 45 Hz cutoff value had 74% specificity and 75% sensitivity. Basal albumin levels (p=0.063), lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) (p=0.086), and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (p 0.052) were significant, albeit slightly, among CHE groups. Basal albumin levels had 50% sensitivity and 71% specificity when 2.8 g/dL was used as a cutoff value to determine CHE.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both psychometric tests and CFF can be useful in diagnosing CHE. Using cytokine and endotoxin levels seems to be inadequate to diagnose CHE. Using LMR and albumin levels instead of psychometric tests for diagnosing CHE can be promising.</p>","PeriodicalId":29722,"journal":{"name":"Hepatology Forum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/27/57/hf-4-019.PMC9951890.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9355936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of fibrosis with noninvasive biochemical tests in chronic viral hepatitis B.","authors":"Adem Kaya,&nbsp;Sezgin Barutcu,&nbsp;Murat Taner Gulsen","doi":"10.14744/hf.2022.2022.0025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14744/hf.2022.2022.0025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>Early diagnosis and treatment of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) disease are important for the prevention of complications such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular cancer. Liver biopsy is an invasive, complicated, and expensive diagnostic method, which is the gold standard for detecting fibrosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of these tests in predicting liver fibrosis and treatment decision.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 1051 patients diagnosed with CHB between 2010 and 2020 in the Gaziantep University Gastroenterology Department were retrospectively evaluated. AAR, API, APRI, FIB-4, KING score, and FIBROQ score were calculated at the time of onset diagnosis. In addition, the Zeugma score, a new formula that is thought to be more sensitive and specific, was determined. Noninvasive fibrosis scores were compared according to the biopsy results of the patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study, the area values under the curve were 0.648 for the API score, 0.711 for the APRI score, 0.716 for the FIB-4 score, 0.723 for the KING score, 0.595 for the FIBROQ score, and 0.701 for the Zeugma score (p<0.05). No statistically significant difference was obtained for the AAR score. The KING, FIB-4, APRI, and Zeugma scores were the best indicators for detecting advanced fibrosis. For KING, FIB-4, APRI, and Zeugma scores, the cutoff value for the prediction of advanced fibrosis were ≥8.67, ≥0.94, ≥16.24, and ≥9.63 with a sensitivity of 50.52%, 56.77%, 59.64%, and 52.34%, specificity of 87.26%, 74.96%, 73.61%, and 78.11%, respectively (p<0.05). In our study, we compared the globulin and GGT parameters with fibrosis, which we used in the Zeugma score formula. Globulin and GGT mean values were significantly higher in the fibrosis group (p<0.05). There was a statistically significant correlation between fibrosis and globulin and GGT values (p<0.05, r=0.230 and p<0.05, r=0.305, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The KING score was found to be the most reliable method for the noninvasive detection of hepatic fibrosis in patients with chronic HBV. The FIB-4, APRI, and Zeugma scores were also shown to be effective in determining liver fibrosis. It was shown that the AAR score was not sufficient for detecting hepatic fibrosis. The Zeugma score, a novel noninvasive test, is a useful and easy tool to evaluate liver fibrosis in patients with chronic HBV and has better accuracy than AAR, API, and FIBROQ.</p>","PeriodicalId":29722,"journal":{"name":"Hepatology Forum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/66/30/hf-4-025.PMC9951891.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9355935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of lower dose hepatitis B immune globulin prophylaxis in liver transplantation: A single center perspective.","authors":"Diep Edwards,&nbsp;Jessica Lin,&nbsp;Lindsey Toman,&nbsp;Merve Gurakar,&nbsp;Aliaksei Pustavoitau,&nbsp;Ruhail Kohli,&nbsp;Russel Wesson,&nbsp;Shane E Ottmann,&nbsp;Doan Dao,&nbsp;Ahmet Gurakar,&nbsp;Ahyoung Kim","doi":"10.14744/hf.2022.2022.0030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14744/hf.2022.2022.0030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>Prevention of hepatitis B virus (HBV) reinfection is important for long-term outcomes following liver transplantation (LT). Hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) is used among recipients who have (i) native HBV disease, (ii) hepatitis B core antibody positivity (HBcAb positivity), or (iii) received HBcAb positive organs. Nucleos(t)ide analogue (NA) monotherapy is emerging for treating patients in this setting. There is no generalized consensus on the ideal dosage of HBIG. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of low-dose HBIG (1560 international unit [IU]) for post-LT HBV prevention.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>HBcAb positive patients who received either HBcAb positive or hepatitis B core antibody negative (HBcAb negative) organs and HBcAb negative patients who received HBcAb positive organs between January 2016 and December 2020 were reviewed. Pre-LT HBV serologies were collected. HBV-prophylaxis strategy included NA with/without HBIG. HBV recurrence was defined as HBV deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) positivity during the 1-year, post-LT follow-up. No HBV surface antibody titers were followed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 103 patients with a median age of 60 years participated in the study. Hepatitis C virus was the most common etiology. Thirty-seven HBcAb negative recipients and 11 HBcAb positive recipients with undetectable HBV DNA received HBcAb positive organs and underwent prophylaxis with 4 doses of low-dose HBIG and NA. None of the recipients in our cohort had a recurrence of HBV at 1 year.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Low-dose HBIG (1560 IU) × 4 days and NA, for HBcAb positive recipients and HBcAb positive donors, appear to be effective in preventing HBV reinfection during the post-LT period. Further trials are needed to confirm this observation.</p>","PeriodicalId":29722,"journal":{"name":"Hepatology Forum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ab/bc/hf-4-003.PMC9951898.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10792658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in the etiology of chronic liver disease by referral to a FibroScan center: Increasing prevalence of the nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.","authors":"Tansu Eris,&nbsp;Moomen Hassan,&nbsp;Yousra Hikal,&nbsp;Enas Sawah,&nbsp;Fatemeh Daneshgar,&nbsp;Ayse Gulsen Teker,&nbsp;Furkan Ozel,&nbsp;Nimet Emel Luleci,&nbsp;Eda Kaya,&nbsp;Yusuf Yilmaz","doi":"10.14744/hf.2022.2022.0042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14744/hf.2022.2022.0042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>Chronic liver disease (CLD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide with a wide etiological spectrum. FibroScan^® is used for follow-up of fibrosis and steatosis. This single-center study aims to review the distribution of indications by referral to FibroScan^®.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Demographic characteristics, CLD etiologies, and FibroScan^® parameters of the patients who were referred to our tertiary care center between 2013 and 2021 were retrospectively evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 9345 patients, 4946 (52.93%) were males, and the median age was 48 [18-88] years. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) was the most common indication (N=4768, 51.02%), followed by hepatitis B (N=3194, 34.18%) and hepatitis C (N=707, 7.57%). Adjusting for age, sex, and CLD etiology, the results revealed that patients with older age (Odds ratio (OR)=2.908; confidence interval (CI)=2.597-3.256; p<0.001) and patients with hepatitis C (OR=2.582; CI=2.168-3.075; p<0.001), alcoholic liver disease (OR=2.019; CI=1.524-2.674, p<0.001), and autoimmune hepatitis (OR=2.138; CI=1.360-3.660, p<0.001) had increased odds of advanced liver fibrosis compared to NAFLD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>NAFLD was the most common indication for referral to FibroScan^®.</p>","PeriodicalId":29722,"journal":{"name":"Hepatology Forum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/0e/69/hf-4-007.PMC9951899.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9355929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The efficacy and tolerability of glecaprevir/pibrentasvir treatment in a real-world chronic hepatitis C patients cohort","authors":"Serkan Yaraş","doi":"10.14744/hf.2023.2023.000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14744/hf.2023.2023.000","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29722,"journal":{"name":"Hepatology Forum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135959315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rare hepatocellular carcinoma presentation: Hepatoportal sclerosis.","authors":"Dilara Turan Gokce,&nbsp;Derya Ari,&nbsp;Hale Gokcan,&nbsp;Osman Aydin,&nbsp;Nesrin Turhan,&nbsp;Meral Akdogan Kayhan","doi":"10.14744/hf.2022.2022.0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14744/hf.2022.2022.0018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hepatoportal sclerosis (HPS) is an idiopathic non-cirrhotic portal hypertension (INCPH) characterized by hypersplenism, portal hypertension, and splenomegaly. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common form of liver cancer. Non-cirrhotic portal hypertension is an extremely rare cause of HCC. A 36-year-old woman was referred to our hospital with esophageal varices. All serologic tests for etiology were negative. Serum ceruloplasmin and serum Ig A-M-G were normal. In the follow-up, two liver lesions were identified on a triple-phase computer. The lesions had arterial enhancement but no washout in the venous phase. In the magnetic resonance imaging examination, differentiation in favor of HCC was considered at one of the lessions. Radiofrequency ablation therapy was first applied to a patient who had no signs of metastasis. Within 2 months, the patient underwent a living donor liver transplant. In explant pathology, well-differentiated HCC and HPS were considered the cause of non-cirrhotic portal hypertension. The patient has been followed without relapse for 3 years. The development of HCC in INCPH patients is still debatable. Despite the presence of liver cell atypia and pleomorphism in nodular regenerative hyperplasia liver specimens, a causal link between HCC and INCPH is yet to be established.</p>","PeriodicalId":29722,"journal":{"name":"Hepatology Forum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/7e/80/hf-4-035.PMC9951896.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9355930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}