Race/Ethnicity: Multidisciplinary Global Contexts最新文献_第2页

The Struggle for Control of America’s Production Agriculture System and Its Impact on African American Farmers 美国生产农业制度的控制权之争及其对非裔美国农民的影响

Race/Ethnicity: Multidisciplinary Global Contexts Pub Date : 2011-10-01 DOI: 10.2979/RACETHMULGLOCON.5.1.113

E. J. Pennick

引用次数: 2

Race, Prejudice, Class Conflict, and Nationalism 种族、偏见、阶级冲突和民族主义

Race/Ethnicity: Multidisciplinary Global Contexts Pub Date : 2011-07-09 DOI: 10.2979/RACETHMULGLOCON.4.2.169

O. Cox

{"title":"Race, Prejudice, Class Conflict, and Nationalism","authors":"O. Cox","doi":"10.2979/RACETHMULGLOCON.4.2.169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/RACETHMULGLOCON.4.2.169","url":null,"abstract":"he United States has set the pattern of Oriental exclusion for such countries as Canada and Australia. On the Pacific Coast, and in California especially, a distinct and rather involved racial situation has developed; perhaps it may be thought of as the completion of a “race-relations cycle.” Here, because of the rapid cultural advancement of these colored people, the natural history of race relations has been greatly expedited. Like all racial situations, we approach this one also from the point of view of the white man’s initiative—he is the actor in chief; the Asiatics react to their best advantage. The Asiatics came into California because there was a great demand there for their labor; they came because the relatively high wages in California enticed them. But the “pull’ was far more significant than the “push.” No matter how great the lure of higher wages, they could by no means have “invaded” the Coast if the encouragement and inducement of certain hardpressed white employers did not facilitate it. The great wave of Asiatic common labor began to move upon the Western Hemisphere after the decline of the Negro slave trade—after 1845 especially. The West Indies, the Pacific Coast of America, and even South and East Africa received their quotas. The Asiatics came not as slaves but mainly as coolies; and gradually, among others, California and other Pacific states had their Chinese and Japanese problem; Trinidad and South Africa, their East Indian problem; and Cuba, its Chinese problem. These “Coolies” came mostly as contract laborers, some form of indentured-servant relationship; and “Wherever they were imported, they were used as substitutes for slave labor in plan-","PeriodicalId":297214,"journal":{"name":"Race/Ethnicity: Multidisciplinary Global Contexts","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130344216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Clandestini in the Orange Towns: Migrations and Racisms in Calabria's Agriculture 橙镇的秘密:卡拉布里亚农业中的移民和种族主义

Race/Ethnicity: Multidisciplinary Global Contexts Pub Date : 2011-07-09 DOI: 10.2979/RACETHMULGLOCON.4.2.191

A. Corrado

{"title":"Clandestini in the Orange Towns: Migrations and Racisms in Calabria's Agriculture","authors":"A. Corrado","doi":"10.2979/RACETHMULGLOCON.4.2.191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/RACETHMULGLOCON.4.2.191","url":null,"abstract":"This article analyzes migrations to the rural areas of Calabria, a region in southern Italy, illustrating the combination of factors and elements that makes extremely complex the composition of migrations and their participation in the local economic and social process of transformation. The analysis cannot move without considering changes in migration policies, at the national as well as the European level, since the 1990s, developing together with the transformations of policies and organizational models in the agrarian sector. These processes have produced a segmentation of the economy and a differentiation in labor and mobility, due to ethnicization, hierarchization, and racialization. The article is organized into three sections. The first synthesizes the evolution of migration policies in Europe and specifically in Italy and the effects produced in terms of clandestinization and hierarchization inside the migrant population. The second section illustrates the conditions of insertion and reproduction of migrations in the agriculture of southern Italy, with particular emphasis on the oranges' sector in Calabria. The third section analyzes the Africans' riots of 7 January 2010 in Rosarno, a rural village in the Gioia Tauro Plain, where the combination of \"institutional racism,\" \"mafia racism,\" and \"social racism\" has played a fundamental role.","PeriodicalId":297214,"journal":{"name":"Race/Ethnicity: Multidisciplinary Global Contexts","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132679817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 29

Whitening a California Citrus Company Town: Racial Segregation Practices at the Limoneira Company and Santa Paula, 1893-1919 加州柑橘公司镇的美白:1893-1919年，利莫尼拉公司和圣保拉的种族隔离做法

Race/Ethnicity: Multidisciplinary Global Contexts Pub Date : 2011-07-09 DOI: 10.2979/RACETHMULGLOCON.4.2.211

Margo McBane

{"title":"Whitening a California Citrus Company Town: Racial Segregation Practices at the Limoneira Company and Santa Paula, 1893-1919","authors":"Margo McBane","doi":"10.2979/RACETHMULGLOCON.4.2.211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/RACETHMULGLOCON.4.2.211","url":null,"abstract":"The Limoneira Company created an agricultural \"company town\" that led the citrus industry and established a legacy that shaped the southern California citrus belt up through World War II. The founders of the company achieved their accomplishments by promoting their middle class ideas of commerce, race, ethnicity, citizenship, science, and gender. These citrus barons consolidated their control over citrus production vertically integrating, mechanizing, and imposing scientific methods on the production process. Workers became divided from each other along race and gender lines and from their work along skill lines. To control the marketing of citrus, the Limoneira founds led the producer cooperative movement, becoming the dominant member of the California Fruit Growers Exchange (now called Sunkist). The founders sustained this citrus empire by networking their fortunes and friends. The close familial ties between the Limoneira managers and owners, many of whom were also the founders of Union Oil, further strengthened the Limoneira's economic sway in the regions. The Limoneira owners undertook a campaign of industrial paternalism to convert immigrant citrus workers to Protestantism and to Americanize them into white middle class culture. They offered workers acculturation, not assimilation, segregating workers' residences, schools, and community life. The Limoneira Company is an example of the southern California region's first generation of citrus growers (1880s-1920s), yet it maintained its dominant position during the second generation of citrus growing (1920-1950s), when many of the larger southern California citrus ranches subdivided into smaller ranches that became the hallmark of Los Angeles regional communities throughout the San Gabriel and Pomona valleys. The racially segregated towns established by the citrus barons at the turn of the 1900s continue to have reverberations in California's racial tensions in the late twentieth and early twenty-first century.","PeriodicalId":297214,"journal":{"name":"Race/Ethnicity: Multidisciplinary Global Contexts","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133589826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Today's Deportees 今天的死亡

Race/Ethnicity: Multidisciplinary Global Contexts Pub Date : 2011-07-09 DOI: 10.2979/RACETHMULGLOCON.4.2.203

Aviva Chomsky

引用次数: 0

"If You Don't Move Your Feet Then I Don't Eat": Hip Hop and the Demand for Black Labor “如果你不动你的脚，那么我不吃”:嘻哈和对黑人劳动力的需求

Race/Ethnicity: Multidisciplinary Global Contexts Pub Date : 2011-07-09 DOI: 10.2979/RACETHMULGLOCON.4.2.303

M. Birkhold

引用次数: 4

Race, Immigration, and Contested Americanness: Black Nativism and the American Labor Movement, 1880-1930 种族、移民和有争议的美国性:黑人本土主义和美国劳工运动，1880-1930

Race/Ethnicity: Multidisciplinary Global Contexts Pub Date : 2011-07-09 DOI: 10.2979/RACETHMULGLOCON.4.2.269

S. Breitzer

引用次数: 5

Ethnicity and Isolation: Marginalization of Tea Plantation Workers 族群与隔离:茶园工人的边缘化

Race/Ethnicity: Multidisciplinary Global Contexts Pub Date : 2011-07-09 DOI: 10.2979/RACETHMULGLOCON.4.2.235

S. Bhowmik

引用次数: 26

Black Professionals in Racialized and Community-Oriented Occupations: The Role of Equal Opportunity Protections and Affirmative Action in Maintaining the Status Quo 种族化和社区导向职业中的黑人专业人员:平等机会保护和平权行动在维持现状中的作用

Race/Ethnicity: Multidisciplinary Global Contexts Pub Date : 2011-07-09 DOI: 10.2979/RACETHMULGLOCON.4.2.285

Maya A. Beasley

引用次数: 4

Solidarity Divided: An Interview with Bill Fletcher, Jr. 分裂的团结:采访小比尔·弗莱彻

Race/Ethnicity: Multidisciplinary Global Contexts Pub Date : 2011-07-09 DOI: 10.2979/RACETHMULGLOCON.4.2.255

John Trumpbour, N. Green

引用次数: 0