International Studies of Economics最新文献

{"title":"Persistent and transient efficiency of the chemical fertilizer firms in China: Does ownership matter?","authors":"Xiaoheng Zhang,&nbsp;Bingyu Huangfu,&nbsp;Shi Min","doi":"10.1002/ise3.6","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ise3.6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The chemical fertilizer industry has made great contributions to China's food security. Existing studies mainly focus on evaluating fertilizer use efficiency at the farm level whereas little is known about the technical efficiency of Chinese firms producing fertilizer. Based on the Chinese Industrial Enterprise Database (CIED) and the Generalized True Random Effects model (GTRE), this paper estimates and decomposes the technical efficiency of Chinese fertilizer-producing firms. Results show technical efficiency increased from 0.883 in 1998 to 0.930 in 2007, with an average of 0.898. The growth rate of persistent efficiency is lower than that of transient efficiency, implying structural problems exist in the Chinese fertilizer industry. Moreover, ownership type and firms' entry and exit are exogenous determinants of technical inefficiency. State-owned firms perform much worse on technical efficiency. The entry of efficient firms and exit of inefficient firms, especially the exit of inefficient state-owned firms, have improved the technical efficiency significantly.</p>","PeriodicalId":29662,"journal":{"name":"International Studies of Economics","volume":"17 1","pages":"108-124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ise3.6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80534013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An empirical study of public debt sustainability based on fiscal fatigue and fiscal space in CEMAC countries","authors":"Ulrich Ekouala Makala","doi":"10.1002/ise3.7","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ise3.7","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper seeks first to test whether there is evidence of fiscal fatigue in the Central Africa Economic and Monetary Community (CEMAC) countries. On the contrary, we want to investigate the impact of fiscal rules on fiscal space to see if the implementation of fiscal rules enhances fiscal space in the region. The findings show evidence of fiscal fatigue for the Republic of Congo, Equatorial Guinea, and Gabon while Cameroon, the Central African Republic, and Chad exhibit no fiscal fatigue behavior. For our second objective, while analyzing the determinants of fiscal space we found that the two fiscal rules (the balanced budget rule and debt rule) implemented in CEMAC Zone do not improve fiscal space. Therefore, there is a need for the fiscal policy stance to supervise the conduct of fiscal rules in the CEMAC region as fiscal rules themselves do not enhance the available fiscal space. Besides, we suggest CEMAC's fiscal policy authorities to integrate the expenditure rule in their fiscal policy framework to mitigate the government expenditure bias.</p>","PeriodicalId":29662,"journal":{"name":"International Studies of Economics","volume":"17 3","pages":"334-370"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ise3.7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85080411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gendered motives towards hybrid entrepreneurial intentions: Empirical evidence from China","authors":"Zhiyang Liu,&nbsp;Guixing Wu","doi":"10.1002/ise3.3","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ise3.3","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Hybrid entrepreneurship research is to probe into the increasingly widespread phenomenon of “employment + entrepreneurship” in real life, and to break the traditional practice of dichotomizing self-employment and employment. Hybrid entrepreneurship provides entrepreneurs with another employment alternative by combining entrepreneurship and employment. By analyzing data collected mainly from prospective entrepreneurs in China, this paper aims to explore the main influencing factors of hybrid entrepreneurial intentions, in particular how gender moderates the relationship between entrepreneurial motives and hybrid entrepreneurial intentions. Empirical findings reveal that gender differences are evident in prospective entrepreneurs who are motivated to be self-employed by necessity-driven factors and those who aim to test the waters of entrepreneurship via the hybrid path.</p>","PeriodicalId":29662,"journal":{"name":"International Studies of Economics","volume":"17 1","pages":"36-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ise3.3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74120201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The partition of production between households and markets","authors":"Christopher Colburn,&nbsp;Haiwen Zhou","doi":"10.1002/ise3.1","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ise3.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The process of industrialization was accompanied by the switch from household production to firm production. The industrialization process was also a process of population growth, the appearance of general-purpose technologies, and the expansion of international trade. This paper studies the partition of production between households and firms in an analytically tractable general equilibrium model with a continuum of goods. We show that population growth, development of general-purpose technologies, and the opening of international trade increase the percentage of goods produced by firms. However, with the appearance of a technology biased toward home production, the percentage of goods produced by households can increase.</p>","PeriodicalId":29662,"journal":{"name":"International Studies of Economics","volume":"17 1","pages":"21-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ise3.1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84384507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Propelling steady growth and high-quality development through deeper reform and more comprehensive opening up: Outlook, policy simulations, and reform implementation—A summary of the Annual SUFE Macroeconomic Report (2021–2022)","authors":"Kevin X. D. Huang,&nbsp;Guoqiang Tian,&nbsp;Lin Zhao","doi":"10.1002/ise3.2","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ise3.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p>China's economy underwent a steady recovery in 2021. Investment grew steadily with structural improvement. Exports and imports surged while trade surplus expanded. On the other hand, although labor market conditions improved, income distribution worsened, contributing to sluggish growth in consumption, whereas the gap between consumer price index and producer price index widened, and the profits of enterprises of different sizes diverged, which may go beyond how they are correlated with the locations of the enterprises in the chain of production and trade. While proper liquidity was maintained with prudent monetary policy, risk spillover rose in the financial system, particularly for small and medium-sized banks. Household and local government debts remained at relatively high levels, further dragging down growth in consumption and infrastructure investment. The “dual carbon” goals exerted downward pressure on near-term growth in trading off their long-term benefits. The economy also faced challenges in its external environment in the midst of the prolonged COVID-19 pandemic aboard, trade protectionism, and the readjustment of the global value chain. Moreover, excessive supervision and inadequate implementation disturbed China's economy, resulting in declined market vitality and confidence of market participants. Based on the Institute for Advanced Research-China Macroeconomic Model, the baseline real gross domestic product growth rate is projected to be 5.5% in 2022. Alternative scenario analyses and policy simulations are conducted, in addition to the benchmark forecast, to reflect the influences of various risks and possible favorable situations. The findings suggest that China should deepen reform and open up more comprehensively and initiatively, while special effort should be placed on providing accommodative policy and friendly public opinion environment, to facilitate steady growth and propel high-quality development. A comprehensive macroeconomic governance framework with Chinese characteristics must be developed from systems thinking, to resolve the various issues, internal and external, cyclical and secular, structural and institutional, in an all-inclusive and coherent manner.</p>","PeriodicalId":29662,"journal":{"name":"International Studies of Economics","volume":"17 1","pages":"2-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ise3.2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90581723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}