{"title":"Why do we resolutely prevent minors from indulging in online games","authors":"Moye Li, Mingxiong Zhu","doi":"10.1002/ise3.39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ise3.39","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Chinese central government recently published a new regulation to strictly limit the time minors spend on online games, providing a favorable policy environment for the protection of their physical and mental health as well as their overall development. We first provide empirical evidence that children having more frequent online entertainment would suffer worse school performance. We then adopt analytic hierarchy process to analyze the possible hazards of minors' addiction to online games from such aspects as physical health, academic performance, family relationship, and teacher–student relationship. Recommendations are finally given on how to prevent minors from being addicted to online games.</p>","PeriodicalId":29662,"journal":{"name":"International Studies of Economics","volume":"18 1","pages":"120-134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ise3.39","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50149473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Investigating whether connecting people can promote subnational economic development: Evidence from China–ASEAN friendship cities","authors":"Fangying Pang, Jingjing Tang, Hanwen Xie","doi":"10.1002/ise3.24","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ise3.24","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Whether maintaining a close relationship with China can benefit economic performance in the postpandemic era is a crucial concern for countries around the world. This study employs the difference-in-difference (DID) model and propensity score matching to estimate the impact of connecting people proposed by the Belt and Road Initiate (BRI) on the subnational economic development of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) cities. The quasi-natural experiment of DID is based on the establishment of China–ASEAN friendship cities. We capture the ASEAN subnational economic development by calibrated satellite nighttime light data. Our findings show that the establishment of a friendship-city relationship has a positive impact on the subnational economic development of China–ASEAN cities. Further analysis indicates that bilateral trade, China's direct investment in contracted projects, and mutual visits by national leaders may be the underlying channels for boosting the economic development of China–ASEAN friendship cities. This study contributes to the literature on friendship city and provides ex-ante implications on the BRI from the perspective of connecting people with first-hand empirical evidence.</p>","PeriodicalId":29662,"journal":{"name":"International Studies of Economics","volume":"17 4","pages":"499-530"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ise3.24","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72421583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Catalyst or barrier? Heterogeneous effects of standards on agricultural trade between China and the Belt and Road countries","authors":"Lijuan Yang, Weigong Du","doi":"10.1002/ise3.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ise3.25","url":null,"abstract":"<p>There is an ongoing debate about whether standards act as trade catalysts or barriers. This article uses a gravity model to analyze the effects of national standards on the trade of agricultural products between China and the 64 Belt and Road (B&R) countries from 1990 to 2019. Mandatory country-specific standards have positive and significant effects on total trade, exports, and imports. Mandatory international harmonization standards have positive and significant effects on total trade and exports. Voluntary country-specific standards positively (and significantly) affect exports, while voluntary internationally harmonized standards positively (and significantly) affect total trade, exports, and imports. The magnitude of coefficients of mandatory country-specific standards is the highest, followed by mandatory internationally harmonized standards and voluntary internationally harmonized standards. It is beneficial for China and the B&R countries to strengthen standards cooperation, actively adopt international standards, and evaluate the implementation effect of standards over time.</p>","PeriodicalId":29662,"journal":{"name":"International Studies of Economics","volume":"18 1","pages":"53-79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ise3.25","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50133244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The impact of e-commerce city pilot on the spatial agglomeration of high-end service industry in China","authors":"Xuwen Pan, Cai Zhou","doi":"10.1002/ise3.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ise3.31","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We employ the data of 290 cities in China from 2006 to 2019 as a research sample and use the Multi-period DID method to test the policy shock of National E-commerce Demonstration Cities (NEDC) pilots on high-end service industry agglomeration. We find that after becoming pilot cities, the specialized agglomeration level of its high-end service industry increases by about 14.1% on average, and the diversified agglomeration level decreases by about 2.7% on average. And NEDC policy can affect the spatial agglomeration of high-end service industry through three channels: Enhancing the inclusiveness of digital finance, improving the degree of market competition, and promoting regional innovation ability. Moreover, NEDC policy has the characteristics of spatial heterogeneity. NEDC policy has a significant spillover effect on the specialized agglomeration of high-end service industry in the first-tier cities, while the second-tier cities show the characteristics of diversification dispersion. In addition, NEDC policy has a more obvious impact on the agglomeration effect of high-end service industry under the radiation and driving effect of megalopolis.</p>","PeriodicalId":29662,"journal":{"name":"International Studies of Economics","volume":"18 3","pages":"326-350"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ise3.31","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50125406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"How free trade agreement affects the success of China's Belt and Road infrastructure projects","authors":"Beibei Hu, Yuying Jin, Kai Wang","doi":"10.1002/ise3.32","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ise3.32","url":null,"abstract":"<p>After China launched the Belt and Road Initiative in 2013, the Chinese government has invested over 1200 infrastructure projects in countries along the Belt and Road, and nearly 10% of the projects have failed or been delayed. China has also concluded free trade agreements with many countries along the Belt and Road to reduce trade and investment barriers to promote economic and trade cooperation. This paper analyzes whether the signing of the free trade agreement (FTA) is conducive to promoting China's infrastructure investment projects’ success in the countries along the Belt and Road. We conclude that the signing of the FTA agreement is conducive to reducing the failure rate of China's infrastructure investment in the countries along the Belt and Road. For deeper FTAs, the effect is more pronounced. This paper further explores the investment provision of FTA and concludes that investment provision can improve the success rate of investment, especially if it includes provision of national treatment in the pre-establishment and the dispute settlement mechanism.</p>","PeriodicalId":29662,"journal":{"name":"International Studies of Economics","volume":"17 4","pages":"484-498"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ise3.32","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90569565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Easterlin paradox of entrepreneurs during China's economic transition","authors":"Jidong Yang, Yunqi Zeng, Qing Wang","doi":"10.1002/ise3.30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ise3.30","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper investigates the determinants and the time pattern of the subjective well-being of private business owners. We find that both personal and enterprise-level factors have a significant influence on subjective status of private business owners. Meanwhile, we find supportive evidence of Easterlin paradox among Chinese private entrepreneurs: both personal income and operating revenue enhance subjective status in a certain period, but subjective status declines as time goes by, even as incomes continue to rise. A further Oaxaca–Blinder decomposition suggests that the competition and provincial factors are the keys to explaining the paradox. Finally, we try to verify the positive effect of political connection on entrepreneurs' subjective status to provide some helpful advice for the government.</p>","PeriodicalId":29662,"journal":{"name":"International Studies of Economics","volume":"18 2","pages":"211-237"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ise3.30","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50124385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Does a Lingua Franca matter in bilateral international trade?","authors":"Li Su, Hojin Jung, Mingzhuo Yang","doi":"10.1002/ise3.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ise3.23","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article explores the impact of language proficiency on international trade by using panel data analysis. To do so, we construct a time-variant test-score-based measure of common language. Controlling for the standard gravity model variables, we find strong empirical evidence that English proficiency promotes bilateral trade flows through facilitating direct communication. We confirm that this finding is robust even when we estimate its effects separately on goods and services trade flows at a disaggregated level. Furthermore, we show that institutional similarities between trading partners play a role that is similar to communication easiness in trade. Our study provides a policy implication for government support for attaining second language fluency.</p>","PeriodicalId":29662,"journal":{"name":"International Studies of Economics","volume":"18 1","pages":"80-96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ise3.23","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50134972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Environmental regulations and firm-level FDI: Evidence from China's 11th 5-year plan","authors":"Yong Tan, Qing Shi, Siyuan Xuan, Guang Yang","doi":"10.1002/ise3.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ise3.29","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper investigates the influence of environmental regulations on outward foreign direct investment (OFDI). We first develop a simple model to show that an increase in emission tax in the domestic market induces firm-level foreign direct investment (FDI) activities. We next take advantage of China's 11th Five-Year Plan as a quasi-natural experiment, which imposed different pollution reduction targets across provinces, and examine its impact on firm-level FDI activities. Our results indicate that more stringent environmental regulations encourage firm-level FDI participation. Furthermore, (1) firms are more likely to carry out FDI in developing countries instead of developed ones; (2) Compared with distribution-oriented FDI, firms are more likely to engage in production-oriented FDI. All results remain robust after controlling for possible policy endogeneity, missing variables, and expectation effect issues, which provides positive support for the <i>pollution haven hypothesis</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":29662,"journal":{"name":"International Studies of Economics","volume":"18 1","pages":"21-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ise3.29","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50143959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The impact of China's Differential Electricity Pricing policy on fossil fuel consumption","authors":"Lin Zhao","doi":"10.1002/ise3.36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ise3.36","url":null,"abstract":"<p>China, the world's largest energy consumer, has been increasingly relying on pricing policies to improve energy efficiency in recent years. This paper estimates the impact of Differential Electricity Pricing (DEP) policy, which covers the most energy-intensive industries in China. Under the DEP policy, electricity surcharges are imposed on enterprises using “eliminated” and “restricted” production technologies, of which the “eliminated” enterprises are more backward in technology level and are charged much higher electricity tariffs. We exploit a differences-in-differences approach to assess the effect of the DEP policy on fossil fuel consumption. The results indicate that the DEP policy led to a reduction in coal consumption intensity (CCI) of “eliminated” enterprises, which can be explained by the obsoleting of backward equipment in these enterprises. As for the “restricted” enterprises, it was economically optimal to continue to use “restricted” equipment; consequently, the DEP policy had no significant impact on CCI.</p>","PeriodicalId":29662,"journal":{"name":"International Studies of Economics","volume":"18 1","pages":"97-119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ise3.36","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50143960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Search, technology choice, and unemployment","authors":"Constantine Angyridis, Haiwen Zhou","doi":"10.1002/ise3.27","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ise3.27","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Technology variations among countries account for a significant part of their income differences. In this paper, a firm's technology choice is embedded in a search theoretic framework for unemployment. More advanced technology is assumed to have a higher setup cost, but it is more productive. The model is tractable and the following results are derived analytically. An increase in the unemployment benefit leads to an increase in the equilibrium wage rate, giving an incentive to firms to choose a more advanced technology. Thus, this result regarding unemployment insurance in models with wage posting carries through with Nash bargaining as well. As a consequence, the equilibrium unemployment rate increases. Furthermore, an increase in the bargaining power of workers increases the unemployment rate but has an ambiguous impact on the equilibrium level of technology and the wage rate. Finally, an increase in the exogenous job separation rate or the interest rate increases the unemployment rate and decreases the wage rate but does not affect the equilibrium level of technology.</p>","PeriodicalId":29662,"journal":{"name":"International Studies of Economics","volume":"17 3","pages":"296-310"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ise3.27","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90701184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}