American Documentation最新文献

Foundations of a concept for an education program in information science 信息科学教育计划概念的基础

American Documentation Pub Date : 1969-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/ASI.4630200415

A. Debons, K. Otten

{"title":"Foundations of a concept for an education program in information science","authors":"A. Debons, K. Otten","doi":"10.1002/ASI.4630200415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ASI.4630200415","url":null,"abstract":"Information science as a profession has its origin in the convergence of several information‐related sciences and technologies. These sciences and technologies were given impetus by developments during and following World War II. These made explicit the importance for the greater utilization of information technology to data processing and utilization for human decision functions. The need became evident for trained individuals to handle problems incident to greater information production and to develop systems to cope with such production. The program at the University of Dayton is an example of a graduate program to meet this need. The program postulates that there are training requirements at three levels, namely, Information Technologist at the undergraduate level, the Information System Specialist at the masters level, and the Information Scholar or Scientist at the doctoral level. Regardless of the level, the individual so trained should possess four capabilities; first, the ability to analyze problems systematically, second, the ability to communicate with individuals in other disciplines, third, to know the information technology and how to apply it, and fourth, to understand how the human element interacts with information processing and utilizing functions. To meet this requirement students are required to develop a program in four major areas, namely, in basic formalisms (mathematics, logic, scientific methodology, etc.), computed science, engineering (systems design, simulations, etc.) and behavioral science. Students are required to complete three graduate courses (nine hours) in each of the foregoing areas. Based on experience with the administration of such a program, several recommendations regarding courses and the role of students in the program are presented and discussed.","PeriodicalId":295971,"journal":{"name":"American Documentation","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1969-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124369361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Information Science Unlimited? ... A Position Paper. 信息科学无限?…立场文件。

American Documentation Pub Date : 1969-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/ASI.4630200413

I. M. Klempner

引用次数: 5

Computer based serials control system, biomedical library, ucla 计算机串行控制系统，生物医学图书馆，加州大学洛杉矶分校

American Documentation Pub Date : 1969-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/ASI.4630200424

J. Fayollat, D. Luck

引用次数: 2

4/69‐4R data study. 1968. J. L. Jolley. McGraw‐Hill Book Company, New York (World University Library). 225 pp. index. $4.95 4/69‐4R数据研究。1968. 乔利。纽约McGraw - Hill图书公司(世界大学图书馆)。225点指数。4.95美元

American Documentation Pub Date : 1969-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/ASI.4630200430

T. C. Hines

引用次数: 0

Information Science: Toward the Development of a True Scientific Discipline. 情报学:走向一门真正的科学学科。

American Documentation Pub Date : 1969-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/ASI.4630200421

M. C. Yovits

{"title":"Information Science: Toward the Development of a True Scientific Discipline.","authors":"M. C. Yovits","doi":"10.1002/ASI.4630200421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ASI.4630200421","url":null,"abstract":"It is pointed out that if information science is to be considered a “true” science similar to physics or chemistry then it must have a set of concepts and analytical expressions which apply to the flow of information in a general way. Such expressions should be relatively independent of the particular context or application under consideration. Definitions of a rigorous nature for the fundamental quantities involved must be established. These must have general applicability and must be related to other known and measurable quantities. It is desirable also that they be capable of quantification. In several previous papers, the author and a colleague have described a model of a generalized information system which has wide, and perhaps universal applicability. This paper elaborates on this model and indicates the range of its applicability. Several fundamental quantities are defined specifically in a way which allows for quantification. It is pointed out in this paper that this model can be the basis for the development of a “true” science of information with all of the necessary requirements for a science. By the use of this model and the definition of a “true” science, the goals and requirements for a curriculum in information science are thus established. Various applications of information science must then exist in much the same way that many applications of physics exist. In the latter case, the applications usually give rise to various branches of engineering. In the case of information science, one of the applications is librarianship–although many others exist as well. Some of these are referred to in the paper. In particular, science information as a subset of information science is discussed. Within this context, information is defined as data of value in decision making. Quantitative measures of information can be obtained by relating information to specific observable actions which can be measured physically.","PeriodicalId":295971,"journal":{"name":"American Documentation","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1969-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133720070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 35

Information science: Some questions and answers 信息科学:一些问题和答案

American Documentation Pub Date : 1969-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/ASI.4630200420

R. A. Schlueter

{"title":"Information science: Some questions and answers","authors":"R. A. Schlueter","doi":"10.1002/ASI.4630200420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ASI.4630200420","url":null,"abstract":"The basic opinion voiced in this paper is that an information scientist, in the all-round sense of the word, is an individual who is capable of dealing with information problems wherever they occur. Libraries make up only one of hundreds of environments in which an information scientist should be able to work intelligently on problems, and library science is only one part of the much broader field of information science. In the University, the logical organization for training information scientists would be in a Department of Information Science which would grant a degree in information science. It would also grant a degree in library science as a highly specialized degree within the information science field. The total number of courses to prepare a student for work in all fields of information science is too large to be incorporated into the one-year-plus-one-summer period which is presently allotted to earning a master's degree in library science. The information science sequence should start in the freshman year and result in the traditional bachelor's (after 4 years), master's (after 1 or 2 additional years) and doctor's (after at least 3 years beyond the master's) degree. As the student progresses through the various degrees, increasing specialization takes place, and increasing emphasis would be placed on research.","PeriodicalId":295971,"journal":{"name":"American Documentation","volume":"261 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1969-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133139220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

A comparison of a keyword from title index with a single access point per document alphabetic subject index 标题索引中的关键字与每个文档字母主题索引的单个访问点的比较

American Documentation Pub Date : 1969-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/ASI.4630200422

G. Jahoda, M. Stursa

引用次数: 6

Some independent agreements and resolved disagreements about answer‐providing documents 一些独立的协议和解决分歧的答复提供文件

American Documentation Pub Date : 1969-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/ASI.4630200405

John O'Connor

{"title":"Some independent agreements and resolved disagreements about answer‐providing documents","authors":"John O'Connor","doi":"10.1002/ASI.4630200405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ASI.4630200405","url":null,"abstract":"Eighty‐two documents and 30 questions, in documentation and related areas, were compared to find answer‐providing documents (documents from which answers to questions can be inferred). Two judges (documentation experts) made comparisons independently. They discussed their disagreements, attempting to resolve them. In each case the positive judge (who had independently judged a document answer‐providing) was first asked to indicate what answer he inferred, and from what document passage(s). The further discussion depended on the details of each case. There were 32 independent agreements on positive judgments. There were 48 disagreements between independent judgments, all resolved by discussion. Thirty‐four resolutions were agreements on positive judgments, accomplished by pointing out overlooked passages, unnoticed connections, or alternative meanings. Fourteen resolutions were agreements on negative judgments, accomplished by pointing out document misinterpretations, the challenged positive judge being unable to describe an inference and joint work not finding one, or agreement that both judges lacked sufficient background knowledge. In general, the resolution procedures used will resolve a disagreement about whether a document is answerproviding or reduce it to a familiar kind of scientific disagreement (about a passage's meaning, a statement's correctness, or an inference's correctness). This seems better than treating relevance judgements as subjective and not open to rational discussion.","PeriodicalId":295971,"journal":{"name":"American Documentation","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1969-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128705482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 15

4/69‐1R computer‐based retrieval systems. 1969. Bernard Houghton (Ed.) Archon Books and Clive Bingley, Hamden, Connecticut. 136 pp. No. index. $5.00 4/69‐1R计算机检索系统。1969. 伯纳德·霍顿(编)执政官图书和克莱夫·宾利，汉姆登，康涅狄格，136页。索引。5.00美元

American Documentation Pub Date : 1969-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/ASI.4630200427

Epsevia Vassilion

引用次数: 0

4/69‐2R Referativnyi Zhurnal, Nauchnaya I Tekhnicheskaya Informatsiya, Otdyelnyi Vypusk. 1963. Vsesoyuznyi Institut Nauchnoi i Tekhnicheskoi Informatsii, Moskva

American Documentation Pub Date : 1969-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/ASI.4630200428

Jerzy Radziejowski

引用次数: 0