American History & Politics Scientific edition最新文献

{"title":"National-Patriotic Education of Ukrainian Youth in the CYM Ranks in Canada and Australia (1950’s – 1960’s)","authors":"T. Perga","doi":"10.17721/2521-1706.2019.08.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/2521-1706.2019.08.06","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the article is to analyze the positive experience of the Ukrainian diaspora in the implementation of national-patriotic education of youth in the 1950s and 1960s. The task of the research is to compare the situation in the countries located on different continents – Canada and Australia. The object of the research is the activities of the Union of Ukrainian Youth – SUM. This scientific problem has still remains the “white spot” in the Ukrainian studies. It has proved that the concept of national-patriotic education of the youth formed in Canada in the 1950s-1960s on the initiative of political migrants of the third wave of Ukrainian emigration. Great role in this process played WCFU. This determined the necessity to prepare the potential human resources for the struggle with the Soviet totalitarian regime: future fighters had to identify themselves with Ukrainian nation, love Ukraine and want its independence. The tasks of the Ukrainian educational system, the purpose of the educational ideal of Ukrainians in the diaspora, the main principles and directions of national-patriotic education has investigated. The main institutions that were to implement them have identified, such as following: church, school, family, youth organizations, cultural and educational societies. It have concluded that the main principles of national and patriotic education of Ukrainians were realized in both countries, and much attention was paid in this context to the development of Ukrainian schooling, preserving and spreading of Ukrainian culture, camps. In spite of significant difficulties, in the 1950s-1960s CYM СUM activities in Canada and Australia have brought a number of positive results. In particular, it promoted the unity of Ukrainian youth, the education of patriotism, self-identification, and continuity of traditions of national liberation struggle. At the same time, the nature of the measures implemented in these countries determined by the peculiarities of living in the countries of the new settlement, the size of the diaspora and its financial resources. In this context, CYM activities in Canada was more complex.","PeriodicalId":295458,"journal":{"name":"American History & Politics Scientific edition","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125902110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“American Talks” – Educational and Scientific Project of the Ukrainian Association for American Studies and the Faculty of History of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv","authors":"Oleh Mashevskyi, O. Sukhobokova","doi":"10.17721/2521-1706.2019.08.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/2521-1706.2019.08.09","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with the educational project «American Talks», implemented during 2018-2019 by the non-governmental organization Ukrainian Association for American Studies and the Department of Modern and Contemporary History of Foreign Countries of the Faculty of History, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. A series of meetings, lectures, discussions on topical issues of American history and politics, Ukrainian-American relations, the place of personality in the modern world, the formation of leaders and their role in American society are covered.\u0000\u0000Lecture-discussion «Education at American Universities» by Associate Professor Alexander Komarenko was devoted to discussing opportunities for Ukrainian youth to study at American universities, financing American university education, system of management and coordination of educational projects, correlation of local and federal educational systems.\u0000\u0000The event in the Framework event within the American Talks project, organized by the Chairman of the Board of NGOs Ukrainian Association for American Studies, Associate Professor Makar Taran, on «The USA and China in the 21st Century: Global Competition of the Superpower of the Present and the Superpower of the Future», was devoted to the most important aspects of the current relations between the two superpowers, prospects for their development and the implications of these processes for international relations. It was emphasized that the US-China relations are the most important bilateral relations of global importance and their significance for the whole world, and for Ukraine in particular, will only grow.\u0000\u0000An opportunity to become a woman in the American society as an individual, her prospects for education and professional development, and family attitudes toward women who have a successful career was addressed by an event titled «Women’s Careers in the United States: Benefits, Challenges, Opportunities» with American filmmaker, lawyer Sharon Rowven, and producer, director and screenwriter Andrea Blaugrund Nevins.\u0000\u0000In May 2019, at the Faculty of History of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, a lecture-discussion was held by a well-known American journalist, a civil servant of Ukrainian descent, ex-director of the Ukrainian Voice of America service, Adrian Karmazin. This meaningful event was attended by students, studying under the American and European Studies program, as well as alumni, teachers of History Faculty, representatives of the Ukrainian Association for American Studies, specialists in international relations and counteraction to Russian hybrid information warfare against Ukraine.\u0000\u0000Ukrainian-American Educational Dialogue – a discussion about university-based humanitarian education in Ukraine and the USA between students and teachers of the American and European Studies program at the Taras Shevchenko National University and Nazareth College (State of New York, USA), aimed at informing US colleagues about the history ","PeriodicalId":295458,"journal":{"name":"American History & Politics Scientific edition","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125295888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erosion of US Strategy of China’s Engagement as a Constructive Liberal Model","authors":"M. Taran","doi":"10.17721/2521-1706.2019.08.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/2521-1706.2019.08.02","url":null,"abstract":"The proposed article surveys the key elements of US engagement China strategy as a model of China`s involvement in the world relations system within the framework of the global strategy of functioning of the world order. Such a conceptual attitude largely resonates with US strategic plans after the end of World War II, when China was also expected to enter the “World Orchestra” of states as part of it. The authors of the China`s engagement strategy also took into account the fact that the means of pressure, sanctions and other forms of pressure have historically been exhausted and have not led to desired changes in the internal Chinese affairs. As a constructivist ideology, engagement was the only possible way of bilateral interactions. Various forms of communication with Chinese society would provide political and value accommodation of liberal concepts in and prevent from rising any form of revisionism and anti-Americanism.\u0000\u0000Engagement of China strategy has played a historic role. However, regarding far-reaching goals, China’s foreign policy behavior and domestic policy, especially during the Xi Jinping period, on the contrary, have begun to develop in the opposite scenario to Washington’s expectations. Starting approx. from 2008 China has been demonstrating more assertive and global oriented foreign policy strategy. The Engagement as a form of constructive liberal model of interrelation where both side are able to reach an (business kind) agreement dashed hopes of many US policy-makers. As a result, the debates unleashed in image related to more pragmatic attitudes towards China. And coming to power in the United States of the D. Trump`s administration was also under circumstances of reassessment of the US efforts to transform China into a “responsible shareholder.” And at present we observe the first conflict knot in the current US – China relations – trade war. Anyway, and this case proved it, yet, the new paradigm of Chinese policy cannot, due to many factors, reject the positives elements of an engagement strategy.","PeriodicalId":295458,"journal":{"name":"American History & Politics Scientific edition","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127829139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Dropshot” War Plan: the Real Document of the American Strategic Planning and Its Display in Soviet and Modern Russian Propaganda","authors":"Mykola Saychuk","doi":"10.17721/2521-1706.2019.08.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/2521-1706.2019.08.08","url":null,"abstract":"The paper deals with one of the most significant issue of the Cold War, – the plan “Dropshot”. The article analyzes the content and history of the creation and adoption of the US national war plan “Dropshoot”, as well as how it was reflected in Soviet and contemporary Russian researches. It is determined that both in the USSR and in modern Russia, the same theses (developed in the works of several Soviet researchers) are applied to “Dropshot” plan. Obviously, this is done in the interests of propaganda and justification of specific political interests, that have not changed in Russia since the collapse of the USSR. One of the more fascinating aspects of the plan that its target was Soviet (Russian) society which are very sensible concerning “belligerent the USA and the West phobia”.\u0000\u0000The article is built on comparative analysis of the key documents which are reviewed and evaluated in the context of Russian and US approaches concerning the issue. It also explores the ways of fulfillment of the plan as they were imagined in the USSR.\u0000\u0000After a detailed comparison of these Russian theses with the contents of the “Dropshoot” plan and an analysis of the events, in the context of which the plan was elaborated, a conclusion is drawn about their inconsistency. Both in the USSR and in Russia, the data on the decision to create mass armies for rapid offensive operations in Europe, adopted in early January 1951 in Moscow with the direct involvement of Stalin, remain secret. Instead, the “Dropshot” plan planned military operations against the USSR and its allies after their conquest of continental Europe. We prove here that the plan was mostly defensive and its offensive features were invented by Soviet propaganda. The Pentagon did not possess enough nuclear bombs to make it a reality and such called “preventive war” against the USSR was not possible. The only Soviet strategists and Stalin personally had strategic views to expand Soviet influence in Europe by all means.","PeriodicalId":295458,"journal":{"name":"American History & Politics Scientific edition","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121443136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The british-american direction in the strategy of the Third International in 1941-1943 (on the materials of the «diary» of Georgi Dimitrov)","authors":"I. Rymar","doi":"10.17721/2521-1706.2019.07.92-102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/2521-1706.2019.07.92-102","url":null,"abstract":"On the basis of diary entries of the Secretary General of the Third International G. Dimitrov, documents of the Russian State Archive of Socio-Political History, and documents of Soviet foreign policy, the author analyzes the characteristic features of the discursive model of the strategy and tactics of the Third International in 1941-1943, especially its activities in the field of propaganda regarding the Communist Party of the USA and the Communist Party of Great Britain during the first period of the German-Soviet war of 1941-1945 and in the process of the formation of the Anti-Hitler coalition. The role of the CPUSA and CPGB in the process of consolidating democratic forces in the struggle against Germany and its allies, the features of their activities in the framework of the discursive model of the Third International of 1941-1943, are characterized. The place and significance of the CPUSA and CPGB in the context of the Comintern’s strategy of providing comprehensive assistance to the USSR in the war with Germany, the deployment of the partisan movement and the Resistance movement in occupied countries, and the establishment of relations with the governments of F. Roosevelt and W. Churchill for a quick end to the war. In the course of the study, the main areas of activity of the American and British Communist Parties, the preservation of distance in cooperation with national governments and especially the intelligence and counterintelligence bodies of the Allies during 1941-1943, were established. A separate place in G. Dimitrov’s recordings is occupied by the problem of opening a second front in Europe in 1942 and propaganda issues related, first of all, to the signing of the British-Soviet and American-Soviet agreements, the problems of their coverage in newspapers and on the radio.","PeriodicalId":295458,"journal":{"name":"American History & Politics Scientific edition","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116019369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Book review «The lost nuclear-missile shield of Ukraine»","authors":"Mykola Saychuk","doi":"10.17721/2521-1706.2020.10.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/2521-1706.2020.10.11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":295458,"journal":{"name":"American History & Politics Scientific edition","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131233122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Forming of US environmental policy: Ukrainian view","authors":"O. Mashevskyi","doi":"10.17721/2521-1706.2020.10.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/2521-1706.2020.10.10","url":null,"abstract":"Review of monograph Tetiana Perga «US Environmental Policy. The Age of Forming» (in Ukrainian) (State Institution «Institute of World History of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine»)","PeriodicalId":295458,"journal":{"name":"American History & Politics Scientific edition","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126387682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Latin-Caribbean America in geostrategy of the Russian Federation","authors":"O. Kondratenko","doi":"10.17721/2521-1706.2019.07.48-64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/2521-1706.2019.07.48-64","url":null,"abstract":"The policy and implementation of geostrategy of the Russian Federation in relation to the countries of the Latin-Caribbean region are considered. Russia is increasingly trying to demonstrate the status of a strategic partner with respect to Latin American Caribbean countries through the conclusion of various partnership agreements. On this basis, since the 2000s, the Russian Federation has sought to regain its influence in those Latin American countries that were the traditional sphere of presence of the USSR during the Cold War. It has been established that Russia is trying to gain favour among Latin American countries by establishing economic relations, mainly of a commercial nature. The Russian Federation has significant contracts for the supply of weapons to Latin American countries and is involved in the implementation of a number of energy projects, including the construction of nuclear power plants. Russia is also trying to demonstrate its presence in the region through the manoeuvres of its long-range strategic aviation and naval forces. At the same time, Russia is resorting to the support of bankrupt Latin American regimes such as the government of N. Maduro in Venezuela. All this has only exacerbated the crisis in Venezuela and its autocratic rule and led to a double rule in the country.\u0000\u0000However, Russia risks being pushed out of the region by China and the United States, which consider Latin America as a proving ground for a strategy of geo-economic “conquest”. The key countries for implementing the strategy of restoring Russia’s presence in the region are: Cuba, Venezuela, Nicaragua and partly Brazil. The Russian Federation views these countries as strategic partners and a foothold for the further expansion of geopolitical and geo-economic influence in Latin America, as well as restrictions in the region of US influence. Against the backdrop of isolated manoeuvres by the Russian Air Force and the Navy, Moscow makes periodic statements about the rebuilding of former Soviet military bases in Latin American countries. However, such rhetoric of the Russian Federation can be regarded more as geopolitical PR in order to represent the virtual grandeur of Russia.","PeriodicalId":295458,"journal":{"name":"American History & Politics Scientific edition","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126850718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formation and activity of the Ukrainian diaspora in New Zealand (1949–2013)","authors":"Nataliya Poshyvaylo-Towler","doi":"10.17721/2521-1706.2020.10.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/2521-1706.2020.10.9","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the history of formation and development of the Ukrainian community in New Zealand in the period from 1949 to 2013 – from the beginning of Ukrainian immigration to the commencement of significant socio-political changes in Ukraine and Russian aggression, which signifies the beginning of a new stage of the Ukrainian diaspora. The purpose of the investigation is to analyse the historical factors of unification and activity of the Ukrainian community in the country in 1949-2013, as well as the impact of the global migration process. The scientific novelty of the study is that this is the first attempt at a comprehensive examination of the problem, as well as the introduction into scientific circulation of a number of documents and materials on the history of Ukrainians in New Zealand.\u0000\u0000Based on the use of interdisciplinary and systematic approaches, general scientific methods of analysis, synthesis, comparison, analogy and historical-typological methods, the main stages of Ukrainian immigration to New Zealand are identified and the features of self-organisation during each phase are traced. The reasons for immigration are determined by objective and subjective factors, attention is focused on the consequences of World War II, as a prerequisite for the beginning of Ukrainian immigration to New Zealand, as well as changes in socio-political and economic circumstances in Ukraine and the world with the collapse of the Soviet Union.\u0000\u0000The author concludes that the formation of the Ukrainian community in New Zealand, its consolidation and direction of activities was mainly situational under the influence of various factors – the global migration process, resettlement and employment, family and other circumstances. Simultaneously, with Ukraine gaining independence and the replenishment of the Ukrainian diaspora in New Zealand with new members from Ukraine and the United States, it was reunited around cultural and social work, intensifying cooperation with global Ukrainians and the historical homeland in the interests of the latter.","PeriodicalId":295458,"journal":{"name":"American History & Politics Scientific edition","volume":"127 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115590527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}