Proceedings of the 5th Conference on Systems for Built Environments最新文献_第3页

Buildings affect mobile patterns: developing a new urban mobility model 建筑影响移动模式:发展新的城市移动模式

Proceedings of the 5th Conference on Systems for Built Environments Pub Date : 2018-11-07 DOI: 10.1145/3276774.3276780

Zimu Zheng, Feng Wang, Dan Wang, L. Zhang

{"title":"Buildings affect mobile patterns: developing a new urban mobility model","authors":"Zimu Zheng, Feng Wang, Dan Wang, L. Zhang","doi":"10.1145/3276774.3276780","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3276774.3276780","url":null,"abstract":"Urban Mobility Models (UMMs) are fundamental tools for estimating the population in urban sites and their spatial movements over time. They have great value for such applications as managing the resources of cellular networks, predicting traffic congestion, and city planning. Most existing UMMs were developed primarily in 2D. However, we argue that people's movements and living patterns involve 3D space, i.e., buildings, which can heavily affect the accuracy of UMMs. In this paper, we for the first time conduct a comprehensive study on the impacts of buildings on human movements, and the effect on UMMs. In particular, we start from an extensive trace analysis of two different real-world datasets. Our key observation is that human patterns of movement among urban sites are affected by buildings, with buildings being able to \"temporarily hold\" human mobility. We innovatively capture this property by extending Markov processes, which have been widely used in developing UMMs, with semi-absorbing states. We then develop a Semi-absorbing Urban Mobility model (SUM) and theoretically prove its properties to capture the intrinsic impacts of buildings with an analysis of SUM on its difference from that of previous UMMs. Our evaluation also demonstrates that, as a basis for supporting mobile applications in an intracity and hourly scale, the SUM is far superior to previous UMMs. Our real-world case study on cellular network resource allocations further reveals the effectiveness of our SUM model. We show that the performance of the resource allocation scheme in a cellular network substantially improves by using SUM, with a reduction in the packet loss probability of 3.19 times.","PeriodicalId":294697,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 5th Conference on Systems for Built Environments","volume":"175 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114377707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 12

R imor

Proceedings of the 5th Conference on Systems for Built Environments Pub Date : 2018-11-07 DOI: 10.1145/3276774.3276797

Haroon Rashid, Nipun Batra, Pushpendra Singh

{"title":"R\u0000 imor","authors":"Haroon Rashid, Nipun Batra, Pushpendra Singh","doi":"10.1145/3276774.3276797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3276774.3276797","url":null,"abstract":"Buildings across the world contribute about one-third of the total energy consumption. Studies report that anomalies in energy consumption caused by faults and abnormal appliance usage waste up to 20% of energy in buildings. Recent works leverage smart meter data to find such anomalies; however, such works do not identify the appliance causing the anomaly. Moreover, most of these works are not real-time and report the anomaly at the end of the day. In this paper, we propose a technique named Rimor that addresses these limitations. Rimor predicts the energy consumption of a home using historical energy data and contextual information and flags an anomaly when the actual energy consumption deviates significantly from the predicted consumption. Further, it identifies anomalous appliance(s) by using easy-to-collect appliance power ratings. We evaluated it on four real-world energy datasets containing 51 homes and found it to be 15% more accurate in detecting anomalies as compared to four other baseline approaches. Rimor reports an appliance identification accuracy of 82%. In addition, we also release an anomaly annotated energy dataset for the research community.","PeriodicalId":294697,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 5th Conference on Systems for Built Environments","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114397291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 18

Proceedings of the 5th Conference on Systems for Built Environments 第五届建筑环境系统会议论文集

Proceedings of the 5th Conference on Systems for Built Environments Pub Date : 2018-11-07 DOI: 10.1145/3276774

引用次数: 1

Staring at the sun: a physical black-box solar performance model 盯着太阳:一个物理黑盒子太阳能性能模型

Proceedings of the 5th Conference on Systems for Built Environments Pub Date : 2018-11-07 DOI: 10.1145/3276774.3276782

Dong Chen, Joseph Breda, David E. Irwin

{"title":"Staring at the sun: a physical black-box solar performance model","authors":"Dong Chen, Joseph Breda, David E. Irwin","doi":"10.1145/3276774.3276782","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3276774.3276782","url":null,"abstract":"Developing accurate solar performance models, which estimate solar output based on a deployment's unique physical characteristics and weather, is increasingly important as the aggregate energy generated from solar rises. Since manually developing \"white box\" physical models based on site-specific information requires expert knowledge and thus does not scale, recent research focuses on \"black box\" approaches that use training data to automatically learn a custom machine learning (ML) model. Unfortunately, this approach requires months-to-years of training data, and often does not incorporate well-known physical models of solar generation, which reduces its accuracy. To address the problem, we develop a physical black-box modeling approach that leverages many of the same fundamental properties as existing white-box models. Rather than manually determining values for physical model parameters, our approach automatically calibrates them by finding values that best fit the data. This calibration requires much less data (as few as 2 datapoints) than training a ML model, as the physical model already embeds the complex relationship between the input parameters and solar output. In developing our approach, we isolate the effects of 10 different weather metrics on solar output from nearly 343 million hourly weather and solar readings, or 78,435 aggregate years, gathered from 11,205 solar sites. We show that our physical model accurately describes weather's effect on solar output at all sites, obviating the need for training custom ML models using weather metrics. Instead, we augment our physical model by applying ML to learn only the relationships that are unique to each site, specifically non-weather-based shading. We evaluate our approach on solar and weather data from 100 sites, and show it yields higher accuracy than current state-of-the-art ML approaches.","PeriodicalId":294697,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 5th Conference on Systems for Built Environments","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127794765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 17

Mortar: an open testbed for portable building analytics 砂浆:用于便携式建筑分析的开放式测试平台

Proceedings of the 5th Conference on Systems for Built Environments Pub Date : 2018-11-07 DOI: 10.1145/3276774.3276796

Gabe Fierro, Marco Pritoni, Moustafa AbdelBaky, P. Raftery, Therese E. Peffer, Greg Thomson, D. Culler

{"title":"Mortar: an open testbed for portable building analytics","authors":"Gabe Fierro, Marco Pritoni, Moustafa AbdelBaky, P. Raftery, Therese E. Peffer, Greg Thomson, D. Culler","doi":"10.1145/3276774.3276796","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3276774.3276796","url":null,"abstract":"Access to large amounts of real-world data has long been a barrier to the development and evaluation of analytics applications for the built environment. Open data sets exist, but they are limited in their span (how much data is available) and context (what kind of data is available and how it is described). Evaluation of such analytics is also limited by how the analytics themselves are implemented, often using hard-coded names of building components, points and locations, or unique input data formats. To advance the methodology for how such analytics are implemented and evaluated, we present Mortar: an open testbed for portable building analytics, currently spanning 90 buildings and containing over 9.1 billion data points. All buildings in the testbed are described using Brick, a recently developed metadata schema, providing rich functional descriptions of building assets and subsystems. We also propose a simple architecture for writing portable analytics applications that are robust to the diversity of buildings and can configure themselves based on context. We demonstrate the utility of Mortar by implementing 11 applications from the literature.","PeriodicalId":294697,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 5th Conference on Systems for Built Environments","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132496607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 43

Virtual energy storage from TCLs using QoS preserving local randomized control 基于QoS保持局部随机控制的tcl虚拟能量存储

Proceedings of the 5th Conference on Systems for Built Environments Pub Date : 2018-11-07 DOI: 10.1145/3276774.3276777

Austin R. Coffman, A. Bušić, P. Barooah

{"title":"Virtual energy storage from TCLs using QoS preserving local randomized control","authors":"Austin R. Coffman, A. Bušić, P. Barooah","doi":"10.1145/3276774.3276777","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3276774.3276777","url":null,"abstract":"We propose a control architecture for distributed coordination of a collection of on/off TCLs (thermostatically controlled loads), such as residential air conditioners, to provide the same service to the power grid as a large battery. This involves a collection of loads to coordinate their on/off decisions so that the aggregate power consumption profile tracks a grid-supplied reference. A key constraint is to maintain each consumer's quality of service (QoS). Recent works have proposed randomization at the loads. Thermostats at the loads are replaced by a randomized controller, and the grid broadcasts a scalar to all loads, which tunes the probability of turning on or off at each load depending on its state. In this paper we propose a modification of a previous design by Meyn and Bušić. The previous design by Meyn and Bušić ensures that the indoor temperature remains within a pre-specified bound, but other QoS metrics, especially the frequency of turning on and off was not limited. The controller we propose can be tuned to reduce the cycling rate of a TCL to any desired degree. The proposed design is compared against the design by Meyn and Bušić and another well cited design in the literature on control of TCL populations, by Mathieu et al. We show through simulations that the proposed controller is able to reduce the cycling of individual ACs compared to the previous designs with little loss in tracking of the grid-supplied reference signal.","PeriodicalId":294697,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 5th Conference on Systems for Built Environments","volume":"206 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134267674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Multiple door opening/closing detection and identification system using infrasound sensors: poster abstract 使用次声传感器的多门开/关检测和识别系统:海报摘要

Proceedings of the 5th Conference on Systems for Built Environments Pub Date : 2018-11-07 DOI: 10.1145/3276774.3281017

Mone Kijima, N. Segawa, Masato Yazawa, Masa-yuki Yamamoto

引用次数: 1

Towards developing a large energy store using small scale distributed batteries: poster abstract 朝着使用小型分布式电池开发大型储能系统的方向发展:海报摘要

Proceedings of the 5th Conference on Systems for Built Environments Pub Date : 2018-11-07 DOI: 10.1145/3276774.3281019

N. Mehmood, N. Arshad

引用次数: 0

Shopping intent recognition and location prediction from cyber-physical activities via wi-fi logs 通过wi-fi日志从网络物理活动中识别购物意图和位置预测

Proceedings of the 5th Conference on Systems for Built Environments Pub Date : 2018-11-07 DOI: 10.1145/3276774.3276786

Manpreet Kaur, Flora D. Salim, Yongli Ren, Jeffrey Chan, Martin Tomko, M. Sanderson

引用次数: 13

Good set-points make good neighbors: user seating and temperature control in uberized workspaces 好的设定值是好的邻居:用户座位和温度控制在优步工作空间

Proceedings of the 5th Conference on Systems for Built Environments Pub Date : 2018-11-07 DOI: 10.1145/3276774.3276781

S. Nagarathinam, Arunchandar Vasan, V. Sarangan, Rajesh Jayaprakash, A. Sivasubramaniam

{"title":"Good set-points make good neighbors: user seating and temperature control in uberized workspaces","authors":"S. Nagarathinam, Arunchandar Vasan, V. Sarangan, Rajesh Jayaprakash, A. Sivasubramaniam","doi":"10.1145/3276774.3276781","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3276774.3276781","url":null,"abstract":"\"Uberized\" office spaces are becoming more common. In such co-working office spaces, occupants pay as they use for desks or cubicles. While uberization increases the economic utility of an office space, it can potentially conflict with a key goal of a smart office: personalized user comfort. In particular, an uberized smart office should handle users with conflicting thermal comfort preferences. Existing works have addressed either user comfort in spaces with hard partitions and single actuators or HVAC control to save energy in open spaces by detecting or predicting occupancy. We consider the decision problem of assigning users based on their comfort preferences to desks in an open-plan shared space without partitions. The problem is computationally challenging due to the assignment decision and the non-linearities in thermodynamic constraints. We use a thermal model to assign users to desks. We evaluate our approach in a real-world shared office setting through simulations. We find that our approach identifies the minimum energy configuration among those that maximize user comfort.","PeriodicalId":294697,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 5th Conference on Systems for Built Environments","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130041907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7