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Proceedings of the 2000 IEEE/EIA International Frequency Control Symposium and Exhibition (Cat. No.00CH37052)最新文献

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Study and proposal of alpha-grade evaluation procedure for synthetic quartz crystal 合成石英晶体α级评价方法的研究与提出
Proceedings of the 2000 IEEE/EIA International Frequency Control Symposium and Exhibition (Cat. No.00CH37052) Pub Date : 2000-06-07 DOI: 10.1109/FREQ.2000.887355
M. Ikeda, M. Kurashige, S. Maeda, Y. Mikawa, K. Nagai, J. Takahashi, H. Takashima, M. Kyono, N. Yamamoto
{"title":"Study and proposal of alpha-grade evaluation procedure for synthetic quartz crystal","authors":"M. Ikeda, M. Kurashige, S. Maeda, Y. Mikawa, K. Nagai, J. Takahashi, H. Takashima, M. Kyono, N. Yamamoto","doi":"10.1109/FREQ.2000.887355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FREQ.2000.887355","url":null,"abstract":"The authors studied the measurement method of alpha values on synthetic quartz, to solve the discrepancy of grade evaluation between different wavenumbers that is involved in IEC 60758 second edition 1993-04, and to minimize alpha value difference between different measuring instruments. The solution is proposed in this paper. Those are proper instrument calibration, standard samples and the values, and new alpha grade table. The result can be applied to Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FTIR).","PeriodicalId":294110,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2000 IEEE/EIA International Frequency Control Symposium and Exhibition (Cat. No.00CH37052)","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125087919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Quantum 1/f effect in ferroelectric LiNbO/sub 3/ SAW resonators 铁电LiNbO/ sub3 / SAW谐振腔中的量子1/f效应
Proceedings of the 2000 IEEE/EIA International Frequency Control Symposium and Exhibition (Cat. No.00CH37052) Pub Date : 2000-06-07 DOI: 10.1109/FREQ.2000.887418
P. Handel, C. Tsai
{"title":"Quantum 1/f effect in ferroelectric LiNbO/sub 3/ SAW resonators","authors":"P. Handel, C. Tsai","doi":"10.1109/FREQ.2000.887418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FREQ.2000.887418","url":null,"abstract":"The quantum 1/f theory is applied to surface acoustic wave (SAW) LiNbO/sub 3/ resonators. The theory has so far been applied only to quartz resonators. Here we first consider the case in which the phonons are coherent throughout the resonator volume. Then the quantum 1/f theory is applied to the general case of an arbitrary coherence length of the phonons, which may be large or small compared with the size of the resonator. This yields a 1/N factor in the expression of the power spectral density of resonance frequency fluctuations. The theory is further extended to include defect scattering along with the phonon scattering case exclusively considered so far.","PeriodicalId":294110,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2000 IEEE/EIA International Frequency Control Symposium and Exhibition (Cat. No.00CH37052)","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116496211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A high-stability laser-pumped Cs gas-cell frequency standard 一种高稳定性激光抽运Cs气池频率标准
Proceedings of the 2000 IEEE/EIA International Frequency Control Symposium and Exhibition (Cat. No.00CH37052) Pub Date : 2000-06-07 DOI: 10.1109/FREQ.2000.887430
Y. Ohuchi, H. Suga, M. Fujita, T. Suzuki, M. Uchino, K. Takahei, M. Tsuda, Y. Saburi
{"title":"A high-stability laser-pumped Cs gas-cell frequency standard","authors":"Y. Ohuchi, H. Suga, M. Fujita, T. Suzuki, M. Uchino, K. Takahei, M. Tsuda, Y. Saburi","doi":"10.1109/FREQ.2000.887430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FREQ.2000.887430","url":null,"abstract":"A laser-pumped Cs gas-cell type atomic frequency standard with small sensitivity to the light power and cell temperature was developed by using a Cs gas cell with precise adjustment of buffer gases. Since its light power shift coefficient of microwave frequency is nearly zero when the light frequency of the laser is at one of the saturated-absorption lines of Cs, this atomic frequency standard is a relatively simple system without an optical offset-lock system. The light frequency of the laser is stabilized in turnkey fashion. This atomic frequency standard has unique stability compared to various commercially available atomic frequency standards. It's stability is between the hydrogen maser and passive atomic frequency standards such as conventional lamp-pumped Rb gas-cell type and Cs beam type with a magnetic state selector in a measured averaging time range, from 4 sec to 1/spl times/10/sup 4/ sec, reaching a flicker floor of 2.5/spl times/10/sup -14/ at 1000 sec.","PeriodicalId":294110,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2000 IEEE/EIA International Frequency Control Symposium and Exhibition (Cat. No.00CH37052)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127886900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 18
Time transfer and TAI 时间传递和TAI
Proceedings of the 2000 IEEE/EIA International Frequency Control Symposium and Exhibition (Cat. No.00CH37052) Pub Date : 2000-06-07 DOI: 10.1109/FREQ.2000.887421
W. Lewandowski, J. Azoubib
{"title":"Time transfer and TAI","authors":"W. Lewandowski, J. Azoubib","doi":"10.1109/FREQ.2000.887421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FREQ.2000.887421","url":null,"abstract":"The American Global Positioning System (GPS) has served the principal needs of national timing laboratories for regular comparisons of remote atomic clocks for the last two decades. Single-channel GPS C/A-code common-view time transfer is, however, barely sufficient for comparison of today's atomic clocks within a few days, and certainly not sufficient for comparison of clocks currently being designed. For this reason the timing community is engaged in the development of new approaches to time and frequency comparisons, including techniques based on multi-channel GPS and GLONASS C/A-code measurements, GLONASS P-code measurements, GPS carrier-phase measurements, temperature-stabilized antennas, standardization of receiver software, and two-way satellite time and frequency transfer through telecommunication satellites. This paper reviews the above-mentioned techniques and assesses their potential impact on TAI.","PeriodicalId":294110,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2000 IEEE/EIA International Frequency Control Symposium and Exhibition (Cat. No.00CH37052)","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132487137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 17
Long term effects of antenna cables on GPS timing receivers 天线电缆对GPS授时接收机的长期影响
Proceedings of the 2000 IEEE/EIA International Frequency Control Symposium and Exhibition (Cat. No.00CH37052) Pub Date : 2000-06-07 DOI: 10.1109/FREQ.2000.887428
M. Weiss
{"title":"Long term effects of antenna cables on GPS timing receivers","authors":"M. Weiss","doi":"10.1109/FREQ.2000.887428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FREQ.2000.887428","url":null,"abstract":"We report efforts to minimize the effect of reflected signals in GPS antenna cables on the delay stability of common-view time-transfer receivers. The day stability of interest is at long-term time intervals from five days to about one year. We measured cables for a commercial receiver with the signal transmitted from the antenna to the receiver at the L-band frequency. In a typical system the lock point of the receiver could change almost 60 ns with cable lengths and temperature variations. This would occur if the reflected signal was 25 dB below the direct signal, and the electrical length of the cable was 217 ns and changed 165 ps, or about 5 cm. By terminating the antenna cable with good 50 /spl Omega/ matching, the reflection loss was 50 dB below the direct signal. This reflection loss, along with the use of phase-stable cables with delays under 120 ns, should keep the lock point change due to coherent reflections in the cable below 200 ps. A common-clock common-view experiment using 90 days of data showed stabilities of the differential delays below 100 ps for averaging times from 1 to 10 days. Whereas before the matching, stabilities were worse than 300 ps.","PeriodicalId":294110,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2000 IEEE/EIA International Frequency Control Symposium and Exhibition (Cat. No.00CH37052)","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131768067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
RACE: laser-cooled Rb microgravity clock 竞赛:激光冷却Rb微重力时钟
Proceedings of the 2000 IEEE/EIA International Frequency Control Symposium and Exhibition (Cat. No.00CH37052) Pub Date : 2000-06-07 DOI: 10.1109/FREQ.2000.887436
C. Fertig, K. Gibble, B. Klipstein, L. Maleki, D. Seidel, R. Thompson
{"title":"RACE: laser-cooled Rb microgravity clock","authors":"C. Fertig, K. Gibble, B. Klipstein, L. Maleki, D. Seidel, R. Thompson","doi":"10.1109/FREQ.2000.887436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FREQ.2000.887436","url":null,"abstract":"RACE is a high performance Rb clock slated to fly on the International Space Station. RACE aims to realize high accuracy and short-term stability. The cold collision shift and multiple launching (juggling) have important implications for the design and the resulting clock accuracy and stability. We present and discuss the double clock design for RACE. This design reduces the noise contributions of the local oscillator and simplifies and enhances an accuracy evaluation of the clock.","PeriodicalId":294110,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2000 IEEE/EIA International Frequency Control Symposium and Exhibition (Cat. No.00CH37052)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130769960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 12
Two-dimensional boundary element analysis of quartz surface wave resonators 石英表面波谐振器的二维边界元分析
Proceedings of the 2000 IEEE/EIA International Frequency Control Symposium and Exhibition (Cat. No.00CH37052) Pub Date : 2000-06-07 DOI: 10.1109/FREQ.2000.887368
M. Denda, Y. Yong
{"title":"Two-dimensional boundary element analysis of quartz surface wave resonators","authors":"M. Denda, Y. Yong","doi":"10.1109/FREQ.2000.887368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FREQ.2000.887368","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we present the 2D fundamental solutions for the time-harmonic dynamic problems of piezoelectric materials. Given a time-harmonic line force or charge at the origin of an infinite piezoelectric solid, we derive the displacement and electric potential at an arbitrary point. The solution, obtained using the Radon transform, has an interesting feature that it can be split into two parts: singular static and regular dynamic parts. The singular static part corresponds to the static fundamental solution and the regular dynamic part provides frequency dependency. The regular part is presented in a form suitable for numerical evaluation. The implementation of the fundamental solutions into the boundary element method (BEM) for the eigen frequency problems of the surface wave resonators is outlined along with key technical features required for the successful BEM analysis.","PeriodicalId":294110,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2000 IEEE/EIA International Frequency Control Symposium and Exhibition (Cat. No.00CH37052)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130823333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Properties of AT cut gallium phosphate resonators AT切割磷酸镓谐振器的特性
Proceedings of the 2000 IEEE/EIA International Frequency Control Symposium and Exhibition (Cat. No.00CH37052) Pub Date : 2000-06-07 DOI: 10.1109/FREQ.2000.887344
J. Détaint, B. Capelle, O. Cambon, E. Philippot
{"title":"Properties of AT cut gallium phosphate resonators","authors":"J. Détaint, B. Capelle, O. Cambon, E. Philippot","doi":"10.1109/FREQ.2000.887344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FREQ.2000.887344","url":null,"abstract":"Gallium orthophosphate is a quartz-homeotypic piezoelectric crystal that presents simultaneously a much larger coupling coefficient (k/sup 2/ is nearly four times that of quartz) and a large thermal stability of its properties. Previous experiments and calculations have shown that the main singly rotated compensated cut (the equivalent of the AT cut of quartz) is situated near Y-15/spl deg/ 45'. It was also shown that the devices made using this material should present several advantages over quartz for filter or oscillator applications. Several new determinations of the material constants were made in recent years. They allow to predict more accurately the properties of devices. More recently several new advances in crystal growth have led to an important increase in the size of the crystals and of the crystalline quality. In order to precise determine the properties of devices made with orientations near the AT cut, new investigations were made. In this contribution we report the most important features observed during these experiments.","PeriodicalId":294110,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2000 IEEE/EIA International Frequency Control Symposium and Exhibition (Cat. No.00CH37052)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128831114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 16
A "turnkey" optoelectronic oscillator with low acceleration sensitivity 具有低加速度灵敏度的“交钥匙”光电振荡器
Proceedings of the 2000 IEEE/EIA International Frequency Control Symposium and Exhibition (Cat. No.00CH37052) Pub Date : 2000-06-07 DOI: 10.1109/FREQ.2000.887365
S. Huang, M. Tu, S. Yao, L. Maleki
{"title":"A \"turnkey\" optoelectronic oscillator with low acceleration sensitivity","authors":"S. Huang, M. Tu, S. Yao, L. Maleki","doi":"10.1109/FREQ.2000.887365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FREQ.2000.887365","url":null,"abstract":"We present the experimental results on the acceleration sensitivity of the first fully packaged optoelectronic oscillator module operating at 11 GHz. We demonstrate a fiber delay line package technique that reduces the acceleration sensitivity of the module by 40 times. With measured acceleration sensitivity less than 1.5/spl times/10(-10)/g, this oscillator is believed to have the lowest acceleration sensitivity of any oscillator operating at 10 GHz and above.","PeriodicalId":294110,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2000 IEEE/EIA International Frequency Control Symposium and Exhibition (Cat. No.00CH37052)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124164330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 20
Theoretical and experimental studies of loss in piezoelectric ceramic resonators 压电陶瓷谐振器损耗的理论与实验研究
Proceedings of the 2000 IEEE/EIA International Frequency Control Symposium and Exhibition (Cat. No.00CH37052) Pub Date : 2000-06-07 DOI: 10.1109/FREQ.2000.887386
R. Pastore, A. Ballato, J. Kosinski, H. Cui
{"title":"Theoretical and experimental studies of loss in piezoelectric ceramic resonators","authors":"R. Pastore, A. Ballato, J. Kosinski, H. Cui","doi":"10.1109/FREQ.2000.887386","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FREQ.2000.887386","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this work is to explore theoretically and experimentally the behavior of lossy piezoelectric ceramic resonators using PZT as a case study. Acoustic loss is included in the calculations by including acoustic viscosity as the complex component of the elastic stiffness constant. The constitutive relations are the solved for the dispersion relation characterizing the simple thickness modes of plate resonators. The solution has been found to be complex, implying that the device has a complex resonant point. Two equivalent circuit models have been developed to explain this behavior: one approach uses a transmission line model, while the other uses an RLC circuit analog. The simulations have demonstrated that the device looks like an RLC circuit when stimulated by a complex frequency, i.e. an exponentially decaying sine wave. Experimental results are presented which corroborate the theoretical analyses.","PeriodicalId":294110,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2000 IEEE/EIA International Frequency Control Symposium and Exhibition (Cat. No.00CH37052)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124369668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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