Divided We Stand最新文献

Permissions 权限

Divided We Stand Pub Date : 1964-12-31 DOI: 10.3138/9781442617155-003

K. P. Parboteeah, John B. Cullen

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“The Steel Was Hot, the Jobs Were Dirty, and It Was War”: “钢铁是热的，工作是脏的，这是战争”:

Divided We Stand Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv1ddcz4m.13

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Back Matter 回到问题

Divided We Stand Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv1ddcz4m.17

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Ethnicity and Race in Steel’s Nonunion Era 钢铁非工会时代的民族和种族

Divided We Stand Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv1ddcz4m.10

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The Logic and Limits of Solidarity, 1850s–1920s 团结的逻辑和界限，1850 - 1920

Divided We Stand Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv1ddcz4m.7

{"title":"The Logic and Limits of Solidarity, 1850s–1920s","authors":"","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv1ddcz4m.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1ddcz4m.7","url":null,"abstract":"FEW OCCUPATIONAL GROUPS better illustrate the unevenness of working-class consciousness and the complexities of ethnic and racial conflict and accommodation in the United States than the men who labored “along shore,” loading and unloading ships. The longshoremen were classically proletarian. They worked with their hands, developed a muscular workplace culture, and were rooted in dense communal networks that merged class, ethnic, and racial identities. They organized unions as early as the 1840s and engaged in strikes that paralyzed the economic life of major metropolitan areas. They were at once insular and cosmopolitan—reflecting the relatively self-contained mores of their neighborhoods and yet linked by their work to a wider world of commerce and culture, intensely local in their allegiances but willing to turn for leadership to Communists, syndicalists, and other critics of capitalism. In the nineteenth century, immigrants from Ireland and Germany competed for employment on the docks with northern free blacks and southern slaves. In the early twentieth century, new immigrants from southern and eastern Europe entered the labor market in large numbers and changed the face of the waterfront. The embattled Irish succeeded in maintaining several major enclaves. Blacks were driven from the docks in some cities but predominated in others. Mexicans gradually created a niche for themselves on the Texas Gulf Coast and in the booming port of Los Angeles. Along with “swarthy” Italians, they complicated the question of race by creating a sizable intermediate stratum of people who were not “black” but not yet “white” either. In organizing unions and exercising some control of their work environment, longshoremen continually came up against questions of race and ethnicity. Who qualified as one’s fellow worker? Was it only kin, neighbor, and countryman? Or was it any able-bodied candidate who joined the ranks of job seekers at the “slave markets” where dockworkers vied for employment each day? There was no single answer to these","PeriodicalId":294079,"journal":{"name":"Divided We Stand","volume":"23 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116404522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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“We Are Determined to Secure Justice Now”: “我们现在决心争取正义”:

Divided We Stand Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv1ddcz4m.12

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Illustrations 插图

Divided We Stand Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv1ddcz4m.3

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New York: 纽约:

Divided We Stand Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.3406/VILPA.1994.1174

R. Fishman

{"title":"New York:","authors":"R. Fishman","doi":"10.3406/VILPA.1994.1174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3406/VILPA.1994.1174","url":null,"abstract":"New York est bien sur la premiere «cite globale». Et chacun pense Manhattan, Broadway, le World Trade Center. Pourtant bien peu des 20 millions d'habitants de la region urbaine ont des rapports avec ces symboles de la centralite. La plupart vivent et travaillent dans la Suburbia, qui n'est plus la cite-dortoir d'il y a trente ou quarante ans, mais une nouvelle forme de ville de basse densite, qui unifie toutes les agglomerations americaines, de New York a Chicago, San-Francisco ou Los Angeles. Est-ce donc l'avenir des metropoles mondiales ? ; En fait, ce n'etait pas le futur projete pour New York, et notamment par le Schema Directeur de 1929. En 1920, 9 millions des 11 millions de New-Yorkais d'alors vivent dans le noyau de l'agglomeration (\"core\"), et pres de 3 millions travaillent a Manhattan, au sud de Central Park. L'industrie la plus importante est celle de la confection, qui occupe dans une multitude d'ateliers urbains les immigrants juifs et italiens, tandis que Times Square concentre les theâtres. ; Le dessein des urbanistes d'alors est de conserver la suprematie de ce noyau agglomere, en eloignant l'industrie dans un rayon de trente kilometres autour de Lower Manhattan, et en construisant un reseau ferre rapide et interconnecte convergeant vers Manhattan, qui n'est pas sans rappeler le reseau RER de Paris d'aujourd'hui. La majorite de la population doit resider dans des immeubles collectifs construits sur des terrains liberes par le desserrement industriel, les maisons individuelles periurbaines restant l'exception, reservees aux cadres tres superieurs, que des trains rapides ameneraient a leurs bureaux de Manhattan. ; La realite des annees quatre-vingt-dix est loin de ce schema. Sur 20 millions de «New-Yorkais», 54 % vivent en zone periurbaine («ring») et 51 % y travaillent. Pourquoi cet echec de la prevision urbanistique ? Incontestablement, c'est le resultat de l'impulsion de trois politiques instaurees par le New Deal de Roosevelt : une politique du logement individuel, pour relancer l'economie, une politique de l'automobile et des infrastructures routieres, incarnees a New York par la figure emblematique de Robert Moses, une politique de dispersion de l'industrie militaire et strategique, amplifiee parla deuxieme guerre mondiale et la guerre froide. ; Les resultats depassent l'intention, d'autant plus qu'elle montre des bouleversements technologiques importants (informatique, telecommunications) et des mouvements profonds de la societe americaine : le reve de ruralite, la montee des Noirs du Sud, qui pauperisent les anciens quartiers blancs proches du centre (Harlem), la progression des femmes actives qualifiees, qui veulent travailler pres de chez elles, pour assurer leurs responsabilites familiales. ; L'auteur termine par l'evocation de l'exemple de Mount Laurel, entre New York et Philadelphie, pour illustrer cette ville hors la ville, faite de suburban dream houses, d'office parks, et de mails commerciaux.","PeriodicalId":294079,"journal":{"name":"Divided We Stand","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121291807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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“Regardless of Creed, Color or Nationality”: “不分信仰、肤色或国籍”:

Divided We Stand Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv1ddcz4m.11

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Acknowledgments 致谢

Divided We Stand Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv1ddcz4m.4

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