Yichao Shen, Wenwen Zhou, Peizhi Wu, L. Toni, P. Cosman, L. Milstein
{"title":"Device-To-Device Assisted Video Transmission","authors":"Yichao Shen, Wenwen Zhou, Peizhi Wu, L. Toni, P. Cosman, L. Milstein","doi":"10.1109/PV.2013.6691441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PV.2013.6691441","url":null,"abstract":"To increase spectrum efficiency, researchers envision a device-to-device (D2D) communication system in which a closely located mobile device pair may share the same spectrum with a cellular user. By opportunistically choosing the frequency, the D2D pair may increase the spectrum efficiency in terms of data rate per Hertz, at the price of additional interference to that cellular user. In previous models, users either stop cellular transmission and switch to D2D transmission or vice versa. However, if the cell is fully loaded, a D2D pair will not be able to switch back to the conventional mode because no extra resource is available. In this paper, we propose a D2D assisted model, where a D2D link is enabled to assist transmission, while keeping the conventional cellular transmission. In this way, the D2D link can be turned on and off according to the link quality. We also propose a PHY-layer study for the transmission scheme in such a way that the system throughput and the video reception quality is always improved compared to a conventional link.","PeriodicalId":289244,"journal":{"name":"2013 20th International Packet Video Workshop","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125316210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"HTTP-Based Adaptive Streaming for Mobile Clients using Markov Decision Process","authors":"Ayub Bokani, Mahbub Hassan, S. Kanhere","doi":"10.1109/PV.2013.6691443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PV.2013.6691443","url":null,"abstract":"Due to its simplicity at the server side, HTTP-based adaptive streaming has become a popular choice for streaming on-line contents to a wide range of user devices. In HTTP-based streaming systems, the server simply stores the video segmented into a series of small chunks coded in many different qualities and sizes, and leaves the decision of which chunk to download next to achieve a high quality viewing experience to the client. This decision making is a challenging task, especially in mobile environment due to unexpected changes in network bandwidth as the user moves through different regions. In this paper, we consider Markov Decision Process (MDP) to derive the optimum chunk selection strategy that maximizes streaming quality and propose three approaches to reduce the computational cost of MDP. The first approach recomputes the solution after downloading every k chunks. The second approach computes the solution once using global network statistics of a given region. The third approach recomputes the solution every x meters using offline statistics for each x meters of the road. The three approaches are compared using real-world 3G bandwidth and mobility traces. The best performance is achieved with x-MDP.","PeriodicalId":289244,"journal":{"name":"2013 20th International Packet Video Workshop","volume":"104 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122249835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yao Liu, S. Dey, Don Gillies, F. Ulupinar, M. Luby
{"title":"User Experience Modeling for DASH Video","authors":"Yao Liu, S. Dey, Don Gillies, F. Ulupinar, M. Luby","doi":"10.1109/PV.2013.6691459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PV.2013.6691459","url":null,"abstract":"Ever since video compression techniques have been introduced, measurement of perceived video quality has been a non-trivial task. Recently, a new class of video transport techniques has been introduced for transmission of video over varying channels such as wireless network. These transport techniques, called adaptive streaming, vary the bit rate and quality of the transmitted video to match the available channel bandwidth. DASH, Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP, is a new worldwide standard for adaptive streaming of video, audio and other media such as closed captioning. The adaptive streaming techniques introduce an additional level of complexity for measuring perceived video quality, as it varies the video bit rate and quality. In this paper, we study the perceived video quality using DASH. We investigate three factors which impact user perceived video quality: initial delay, stall (frame freezing), and bit rate (frame quality) fluctuation. Moreover, for each factor, we explore multiple dimensions that can have different effects on perceived quality. For example, in the case of the factor stall, while most previous research have studied how stall duration correlates with user perceived quality, we also consider when the stalls happen and how the stalls are distributed, since we believe they may also impact user experience. We design and conduct extensive subjective tests to study the impairments of the different dimensions of the three factors on user perceived video quality. We will describe the methodology to design the subjective tests, and present the results of the subjective tests. Based on the subjective tests, we derive impairment functions which can quantitatively measure the impairment of each factor on the user experience of any DASH video, and also provide validation results.","PeriodicalId":289244,"journal":{"name":"2013 20th International Packet Video Workshop","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128903874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multiple Description Video Streaming over Asymmetric Channels","authors":"P. Correia, P. Assunção, V. Silva","doi":"10.1109/PV.2013.6691447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PV.2013.6691447","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes an efficient Unbalanced Multiple Description Scalar Quantisation (U-MDSQ) method for video streaming over asymmetric channels. In order to control the asymmetric target rates for each coded descriptions, the UMDSQ parameters are combined with the rate control method based on the existing linear relationship between rate and percentage of zeros in transform coefficients in MDSQ domain. The simulation results show that the proposed method exhibits high accuracy for a wide range of target bitrates and unbalanced rates between descriptions. Moreover, the obtained results show the effectiveness of the proposed method in order to improve the overall performance over channels with asymmetric rate and packet loss rate (PLR) conditions, when compared with Balanced MDSQ. This method finds application in video streaming with path diversity based on Multiple Description Coding (MDC) with dynamic channel conditions.","PeriodicalId":289244,"journal":{"name":"2013 20th International Packet Video Workshop","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121952077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Motion Compensated Error Concealment for HEVC Based on Block-Merging and Residual Energy","authors":"Y. Chang, Y. Reznik, Z. Chen, P. Cosman","doi":"10.1109/PV.2013.6691446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PV.2013.6691446","url":null,"abstract":"We propose a motion-compensated error concealment method for HEVC and implement the method in reference software HM. The motion vector from the co-located block will be refined for motion compensation. Based on the reliability of these MVs, blocks will be merged and assigned with new MVs. The experimental results show both a substantial PSNR gain as well as an improvement in visual quality.","PeriodicalId":289244,"journal":{"name":"2013 20th International Packet Video Workshop","volume":"134 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116513348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Christos Tsilopoulos, G. Xylomenos, George C. Polyzos
{"title":"Are Information-Centric Networks Video-Ready?","authors":"Christos Tsilopoulos, G. Xylomenos, George C. Polyzos","doi":"10.1109/PV.2013.6691438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PV.2013.6691438","url":null,"abstract":"Video constitutes the majority of all Internet traffic and its share is expected to grow. Any future Internet architecture with a chance at success should provide some tangible benefits for video applications. Information-Centric Networking (ICN) architectures were designed with the specific goal of improving content distribution on the Internet; thus, this paper attempts to answer the obvious question: is ICN appropriate and ready for video traffic and, if not, what is missing or should be modified? To this end, we consider two different ICN architectures, ContentCentric Networking (CCN) and Publish-Subscribe Internetworking (PSI), and examine their applicability to Video on Demand and Live Video Streaming applications. Our goal is to clarify what ICN already does well for video, what it still needs to do, and, most importantly, what it could or should do differently.","PeriodicalId":289244,"journal":{"name":"2013 20th International Packet Video Workshop","volume":"156 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124363082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Named Functions for Media Delivery Orchestration","authors":"C. Tschudin, M. Sifalakis","doi":"10.1109/PV.2013.6691449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PV.2013.6691449","url":null,"abstract":"Content delivery networks (CDN) so far have served media distribution by effectively outsourcing it to a network of replica servers: Content requests are satisfied by redirection to some rewritten server addresses. While at present CDNs are leveraged in edge-sitting application server, Content Centric Networking (CCN) is a generalized manifestation of CDNs inside the communications infrastructure: It only supports server-free content names such that forwarding nodes overhearing any type of content delivery can remember it, and subsequent requests by the same name can be served locally, instead of at the original source. In this paper we introduce a framework for orchestrating media distribution tasks in the spirit of CCN by means of named functions. Being able to request a computation by name, like e.g. a video transcoding, content providers as well as content consumers influence the way content is selected, transformed and transferred. The aim of named function networking (NFN) is to serve as a redirection mechanism that allows the network to allocate memory and computation resources in the most optimal way (as CDNs do for content replicas). Particularly compelling is that NFN can serve as a full-fledged media delivery orchestration infrastructure from within the network. We demonstrate its power with scenarios ranging from simple uses for in-network stream buffering and transcoding, to more complex tasks as content-revocation, (video) session authentication and content store management.","PeriodicalId":289244,"journal":{"name":"2013 20th International Packet Video Workshop","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117204166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Packet Loss Visibility of View+Depth Compressed Stereo 3D Video","authors":"Qing Song, P. Cosman","doi":"10.1109/PV.2013.6691453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PV.2013.6691453","url":null,"abstract":"We conduct a human observer experiment on the visibility of fixed-sized packet losses in compressed 3D videos. The stereo videos are encoded using view+depth based on H.264/AVC. A prediction model of the visibility score is built with features extracted from the video. Results show good accuracy of the model.","PeriodicalId":289244,"journal":{"name":"2013 20th International Packet Video Workshop","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114383591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tuan Tran Thai, Nesrine Changuel, S. Kerboeuf, Frédéric Faucheux, E. Lochin, J. Lacan
{"title":"Q-AIMD: A Congestion Aware Video Quality Control Mechanism","authors":"Tuan Tran Thai, Nesrine Changuel, S. Kerboeuf, Frédéric Faucheux, E. Lochin, J. Lacan","doi":"10.1109/PV.2013.6691457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PV.2013.6691457","url":null,"abstract":"Following the constant increase of the multimedia traffic, it seems necessary to allow transport protocols to be aware of the video quality of the transmitted flows rather than the throughput. This paper proposes a novel transport mechanism adapted to video flows. Our proposal, called QAIMD for video quality AIMD (Additive Increase Multiplicative Decrease), enables fairness in video quality while transmitting multiple video flows. Targeting video quality fairness allows improving the overall video quality for all transmitted flows, especially when the transmitted videos provide various types of content with different spatial resolutions. In addition, QAIMD mitigates the occurrence of network congestion events, and dissolves the congestion whenever it occurs by decreasing the video quality and hence the bitrate. Using different video quality metrics, Q-AIMD is evaluated with different video contents and spatial resolutions. Simulation results show that Q-AIMD allows an improved overall video quality among the multiple transmitted video flows compared to a throughput-based congestion control by decreasing significantly the quality discrepancy between them.","PeriodicalId":289244,"journal":{"name":"2013 20th International Packet Video Workshop","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116579161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Miller, Nicola Corda, S. Argyropoulos, A. Raake, A. Wolisz
{"title":"Optimal Adaptation Trajectories for Block-Request Adaptive Video Streaming","authors":"K. Miller, Nicola Corda, S. Argyropoulos, A. Raake, A. Wolisz","doi":"10.1109/PV.2013.6691452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PV.2013.6691452","url":null,"abstract":"Block-Request Adaptive Streaming (BRAS), in form of its most prominent representative HTTP-Based Adaptive Streaming (HAS), is about to become the dominating technology for video delivery over the Internet. One of the challenges in the development of BRAS clients is the design of mechanisms that dynamically adapt the streamed video quality to network conditions, in order to maximize user's Quality of Experience (QoE). The main contribution of this paper is an approach to calculating optimal adaptation trajectories. This approach not only allows to benchmark the performance of any streaming client, it also provides the possibility to study the impact of the networking environment, and of configuration parameters such as the start-up delay, number of available video representations, etc., on the achievable streaming performance. Since, to the best of our knowledge, there exist no widely accepted or standard approach to measure QoE for BRAS, we alternatively maximize the average video bit-rate, minimize the number of quality switches, and impose a hard constraint on the absence of rebuffering events. Further, we evaluate two HAS clients, Microsoft SmoothStreaming and our own streaming client that supports the recently adopted HAS standard Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (DASH), in an indoor Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) emulated with a high degree of precision. We compare their performance with the optimal client, and explore the configuration parameter space of the DASH client. Finally, we evaluate the impact of start-up delays and number of available video representations on achievable streaming performance.","PeriodicalId":289244,"journal":{"name":"2013 20th International Packet Video Workshop","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125404482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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