{"title":"Design considerations for artificial neural network-based estimators in monitoring of distribution systems","authors":"M. Ferdowsi, Behzad Zargar, F. Ponci, A. Monti","doi":"10.1109/AMPS.2014.6947718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AMPS.2014.6947718","url":null,"abstract":"Data-driven approaches based on Distributed Artificial Intelligence (DAI) such as Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) could be used to perform estimation of voltage magnitude in distribution systems for monitoring purposes. These methods may offer high accuracy and yet require relatively few measurement inputs and low computational power compared to conventional state estimation techniques. However, the number of required measurements may vary from system to system depending on several factors. Furthermore, it is important to ensure that these estimators are robust to input noise. Moreover, a factor to be considered in presence of sparse electrical measurements is that other additional inputs may be used to improve the accuracy of estimation. This paper investigates the decisive factors that affect the minimum number of input measurements for an ANN-based estimator. Furthermore, it discusses how the ANN should be designed to handle measurement noise properly in practice. Simulations are performed on benchmark networks to support the discussion.","PeriodicalId":288670,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Workshop on Applied Measurements for Power Systems Proceedings (AMPS)","volume":"321 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133810757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Procedure for the assessment of metrological characteristics of window-type current transformers in three-phase power systems","authors":"L. Peretto, R. Tinarelli","doi":"10.1109/AMPS.2014.6947700","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AMPS.2014.6947700","url":null,"abstract":"Window-type current transformers are widely used in medium voltage switchboards for measuring the current flowing in the cables entering the board itself. Due to their operating principle, the accuracy of such kind of current transformers may vary depending on many factors, such as, for example, the position of the cable passing through the transformer with respect to the center of the window and the proximity of the other cables. In this paper a procedure for assessing the metrological characteristics of window-type current transformers is presented and discussed along with the results of experimental tests.","PeriodicalId":288670,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Workshop on Applied Measurements for Power Systems Proceedings (AMPS)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128293292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Popa, M. Calin, A. Dumitrescu, Sebastian Ciornei
{"title":"Flexible and mobile deployment of synchronized measurement systems for active distribution grids","authors":"M. Popa, M. Calin, A. Dumitrescu, Sebastian Ciornei","doi":"10.1109/AMPS.2014.6947725","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AMPS.2014.6947725","url":null,"abstract":"The emergence of next generation WAMS and WAMPAC networks offers promising advantages for ensuring the stability of the distribution grid. Thanks to the revolutionary synchrophasor technology, the power system observability is no longer an unknown quantity. However the deployment of such systems is heavy and rigid. We implemented a mobility-oriented lightweight deployment consisting in several PMUs and a couple of PDCs for monitoring certain segments of active distribution grids, which can be moved across geographic regions with ease and, at the same time, can be reconfigured and adjusted to integrate easily to any existing network topology. This paper presents the challenges involved by this new mobility approach, the structure of our existing flexible deployment and the results we have achieved in one of the active grid segments where we have recently performed an on-field installation of the whole deployment scheme.","PeriodicalId":288670,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Workshop on Applied Measurements for Power Systems Proceedings (AMPS)","volume":"46 10","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133008161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fault diagnosis of star-connected auto-transformer based 24-pulse rectifier","authors":"Wei Wu, Xiaobin Zhang, W. Yao, Weilin Li","doi":"10.1109/AMPS.2014.6947721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AMPS.2014.6947721","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a fault diagnosis method for star-connected auto-transformer based 24-pulse rectifier by integrating artificial neural networks (ANN) with wavelet packet decomposition (WPD) and principal component analysis (PCA). The WPD is employed to extract the features of different fault waveforms of the output voltage of the rectifier. PCA is adopted to reduce the dimensionality of the extracted feature vectors, which leads to fast computation of the algorithm. BP neural network is adopted to classify the fault types and determine the fault location according to the extracted features. These faults are simulated in real-time simulation platform and the data are then analyzed with MATLAB. Compared with other diagnosis methods, the proposed method shows better performance and faster response.","PeriodicalId":288670,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Workshop on Applied Measurements for Power Systems Proceedings (AMPS)","volume":"499 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116696388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The amended standard C37.118.1a and its implications for frequency-tracking m-class Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs)","authors":"A. Roscoe, B. Dickerson, K. Martin","doi":"10.1109/AMPS.2014.6947702","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AMPS.2014.6947702","url":null,"abstract":"The new amendment to the Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) standard C37.118.1a makes several significant changes, compared to the standard C37.118.1a (2011). This paper highlights some of the most important changes, with a particular emphasis applied to how those changes relate to the way that a frequency-tracking PMU (Phasor Measurement Unit) algorithm needs to be designed. In particular, there is a delicate trade-off between passband flatness (the bandwidth test) and stopband rejection in the Out-Of-Band (OOB) test. For a PMU algorithm using frequency-tracking and adaptive filters, it is shown that passband flatness can be relaxed to about 2.5dB, but that the stopband needs to begin up to 14.8% closer to 0 Hz than for a fixed-filter PMU. This is partly due to the exact procedures of the C37.118.1a “OOB” testing, and partly due to the adaptive nature of a frequency-tracking PMU filter section.","PeriodicalId":288670,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Workshop on Applied Measurements for Power Systems Proceedings (AMPS)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115822964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Uncertainty sensitivity analysis of WLS-based grid state estimators","authors":"D. Macii, G. Barchi, D. Petri","doi":"10.1109/AMPS.2014.6947723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AMPS.2014.6947723","url":null,"abstract":"Fine-grained state estimation is expected to play a key role in smart grid monitoring and control. The most common class of state estimators at both transmission and distribution level relies on the so-called Weighted Least Squares (WLS) approach. While various, well-established implementations of WLS-based state estimators exist, all solutions typically exploit redundant data to assure full state observability and to build well conditioned matrices. At the moment, in the specific case of distribution networks just a few “true” measurement points are usually available. Therefore, the current distribution system state estimation (DSSE) techniques heavily rely on “pseudo” measurements based on historical load data. However, in future the traditional distinction between transmission and distribution systems is expected to blur and a larger number of heterogeneous instruments (e.g. the PMUs) could be deployed for real-time smart grid monitoring. In this respect, the purpose of this paper is twofold, i.e. i) to analyze in general how the uncertainty of different types of measurements may affect WLS-based state estimation accuracy when a minimum number of measurements is considered and ii) to identify a criterion for minimizing the sensitivity to measurement uncertainty. In the paper, the results of the theoretical analysis are validated through simulations in a case study.","PeriodicalId":288670,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Workshop on Applied Measurements for Power Systems Proceedings (AMPS)","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126437255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Sadu, Andrea Angioni, Junqi Liu, F. Ponci, A. Monti
{"title":"A platform for testing monitoring systems for the power distribution grid","authors":"A. Sadu, Andrea Angioni, Junqi Liu, F. Ponci, A. Monti","doi":"10.1109/AMPS.2014.6947714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AMPS.2014.6947714","url":null,"abstract":"In future distribution network the need for automatic control and supervision has to be assisted by a monitoring system with high quality performance in terms of accuracy, reporting rate and robustness. However the number of measurement devices vs number of nodes buses is still very low. The increment in the measurement capacity can be achieved through distributed measurements, deploying of more devices, using existing measurements currently employed for other purposes (e.g. only protection, or energy billing) and gathering other heterogeneous measurements. Therefore, a measurement aggregator with monitoring functions should be able to produce meaningful and accurate results with very sparse, heterogeneous measurements. This paper proposes an architecture for testing this type of monitoring systems for distribution grids. The primary requirements for the development of this platform are: flexibility of the inputs, in terms of type, quantity and quality of measurements, and typical requirements for monitoring in modern smart grids. The key feature of the proposed platform is the modular structure, which allows total flexibility in terms of type of measurements and monitoring functions.","PeriodicalId":288670,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Workshop on Applied Measurements for Power Systems Proceedings (AMPS)","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126833182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}