Romanian Review of Laboratory Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Antibiotic Susceptibility Profiles of Listeria monocytogenes Strains Isolated from Food Products and Clinical Samples","authors":"M. E. Caplan, L. Mateescu, T. Dimov, A. Rafila, A. Borcan","doi":"10.2478/rrlm-2014-0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/rrlm-2014-0014","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Listeria monocytogenes has a ubiquitous distribution in nature and could contaminate food of animal origin, causing severe infections in humans. Till present, little is known about the antibiotic resistance profiles of these strains in Romania. The aim of this study was to determine the antibiotic susceptibility patterns of 37 L. monocytogenes strains isolated from animal derived foods and from clinical samples. Food samples were collected from meat and dairy products, between 2009 and 2013. Clinical samples were collected from patients with septicemia, meningitis/meningo-encephalitis, abortion cases and newborns, hospitalized during April 2010 - April 2013 in three medical institutions from Bucharest: Babes Hospital, Elias Hospital, National Institute of Infectious Diseases (INBI) Matei Bals. All tested isolates exhibited resistance to cephalosporins and nalidixic acid; one strain isolated from boiled shell snails was resistant to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. The resistance to the first choice antibiotic ampicillin in L. monocytogenes strains isolated from severe infections is underlining the need of in vitro antibiotic susceptibility testing of each clinical isolate to establish the efficacy of different antibiotics, as well as of extended epidemiological studies to highlight the resistance profiles of L. monocytogenes strains circulating in our country. Rezumat Listeria monocytogenes are o distribuţie ubiquitară în natură şi poate contamina produsele alimentare de origine animală, provocând infecţii severe la om. Până în prezent există foarte puține date cu privire la profilurile de rezistenţă ale tulpinilor circulante în România. Scopul acestui studiu a fost determinarea pattern-urilor de rezistenţă la antibiotice ale unor tulpini de L. monocytogenes (n=37) izolate din produse alimentare de origine animală şi din probe clinice. Probele din alimente (carne şi produse lactate), au fost colectate în perioada 2009-2013. Probele clinice au fost recoltate de la pacienţi cu septicemie, meningită/meningo-encefalită, cazuri de avort spontan şi nou-născuţi, spitalizaţi în perioada Aprilie 2010 - Aprilie 2013 în trei Instituţii Medicale din Bucureşti: Spitalul Elias, Spitalul Victor Babes si Institutul Naţional de Boli Infecţioase (INBI) Matei Bals. Toate tulpinile testate au prezentat rezistenţă la cefalosporine şi acidul nalidixic; o tulpină izolată din melci fierţi a fost rezistentă la Trimetoprim/sulfametoxazol. Rezistenţa unora dintre tulpinile analizate la ampicilina, antibiotic de elecţie pentru terapia infecţiilor cauzate de L. monocytogenes, subliniază necesitatea testării in vitro a sensibilitatii la antibiotice a fiecarui izolat clinic pentru a stabili eficienţa diferitelor antibiotice, precum şi a unor studii epidemiologice extinse în scopul stabilirii profilurilor de rezistenţă ale tulpinilor de L. monocytogenes circulante în ţara noastră.","PeriodicalId":288498,"journal":{"name":"Romanian Review of Laboratory Medicine","volume":"29 6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114311068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of Decreased Susceptibility to Vancomycin in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Strains isolated from a Romanian Multidisciplinary Emergency Hospital","authors":"K. Vas, Izabella Szász, S. Molnár, L. Lőrinczi, E. Székely","doi":"10.2478/rrlm-2014-0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/rrlm-2014-0013","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The clinical relevance of Staphylococcus aureus strains with heterointermediate susceptibility to vancomycin (hVISA) is still controversial, however they could be responsible for treatment failures in patients treated with vancomycin. The lack of standardization and the complexity of testing methods are the main challenge in indentifying such strains. The aim of our study was to evaluate the frequency of hVISA strains in Targu-Mures Clinical Emergency Hospital. One hundred twenty-two, non-duplicate, methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) isolates susceptible to vancomycin using standard E-test (MIC≤2 mg/L) were screened for heteroresistance with Glycopeptide Resistance Detection test (E-test GRD). Population analysis profile-area under the curve (PAP/AUC) method was used for confirmation. Twenty-four strains (19.5%) were found positive with the screening method. Two of them (1.63%) were confirmed having hVISA phenotype and no strains with intermediate vancomycin susceptibility (VISA) were detected. In conclusion, the rate of MRSA strains with reduced vancomycin susceptibility was low. However, their monitoring may be useful, taking into consideration the wide usage of glycopeptides in the treatment of serious MRSA infections. Rezumat Relevanța clinică a tulpinilor Staphylococcus aureus cu susceptibilitate heterointermediară la vancomicină (hVISA) nu este complet elucidată, totuși acestea pot fi responsabile pentru eșec terapeutic la pacienții tratați cu vancomicină. Lipsa standardizării și complexitatea metodelor de detectare sunt provocări importante in identificarea acestor tulpini. Scopul studiului a fost evaluarea frecvenței tulpinilor hVISA în Spitalul Clinic Județean de Urgență Târgu-Mureș. O sută douăzeci și două de tulpini de S. aureus meticilino-rezistente (MRSA), susceptibile la vancomicina cu E-test standard (CMI≤2 mg/L), au fost testate pentru heterorezistență cu metoda E-test GRD (Glycopeptide Resistance Detection). Pentru confirmare s-a folosit analiza populațională. Douăzeci și patru de tulpini (19.5%) au fost selectate cu metoda screening. Două dintre acestea (1.63%) au fost confirmate fiind hVISA, nici un izolat nu avea susceptibilitate intermediară la vancomicină (VISA). Rata tulpinilor hVISA a fost scazută. Monitorizarea lor poate fi totuși importanta, luând in considerare ca glicopeptidele sunt larg utilizate pentru tratamentul infecțiilor severe cauzate de MRSA.","PeriodicalId":288498,"journal":{"name":"Romanian Review of Laboratory Medicine","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124325627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nephrotic syndrome after treatment with D-penicillamine in a patient with Wilson’s disease","authors":"A. Kostadinova, M. Mihaylov, I. Ivanova, R. Robeva","doi":"10.2478/rrlm-2014-0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/rrlm-2014-0016","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Wilson’s disease is an inherited autosomal recessive disorder of copper balance leading to accumulation of copper mainly in liver and brain result from absent or reduced function of copper-transporting P-type ATPase. Copper is an essential trace element but in Wilson’s disease it accumulate to the point of toxicity. D-penicillamine is a classic drug for treatment of Wilson’s disease. Its major effect is to promote the urinary copper excretion. The use of D-penicillamine in the therapy of Wilson’s disease is known to be complicated by the development of various glomerular diseases. In this report we describe the development of nephrotic syndrome after 2 years treatment with D-penicillamine in a 31-year-old male undergoing treatment for Wilson’s disease, with a prompt regression at the discontinuation of the drug. We present this case to draw attention to the rare complication as nephrotic syndrome in patients with Wilson’s disease under D-penicillamine treatment and possible underlying causes. It is strongly necessary the therapy and clinical condition of patients with Wilson’s disease to be monitoring regularly - we recommended monthly.","PeriodicalId":288498,"journal":{"name":"Romanian Review of Laboratory Medicine","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129621221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}