{"title":"Tables","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/9781501748356-002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9781501748356-002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":287944,"journal":{"name":"City of Big Shoulders","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129213000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"9. World War I and the Roaring Twenties, 1915–1929","authors":"Robert G. Spinney","doi":"10.7591/9781501748356-012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7591/9781501748356-012","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter explores the effects and significant indirect impact of World War I on Chicago. It points out how America was only a combatant in the war for slightly longer than a year, which is a period of time insufficient for the nation to mobilize fully for the war. It also discusses how the World War unleashed anti-German sentiments that severely affected the Chicago's sizeable German population. The chapter analyzes how the war drove Chicago employers to hire large numbers of African American laborers, which triggered a historic migration of southern blacks to the city. It also specifies how the war convinced politicians for ethnic and national allegiances to remain strong among the city's numerous immigrants.","PeriodicalId":287944,"journal":{"name":"City of Big Shoulders","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124670896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Index","authors":"","doi":"10.7591/9781501748356-019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7591/9781501748356-019","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":287944,"journal":{"name":"City of Big Shoulders","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122979114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Illustrations","authors":"","doi":"10.7591/9781501748356-001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7591/9781501748356-001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":287944,"journal":{"name":"City of Big Shoulders","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129200621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
City of Big ShouldersPub Date : 2020-05-15DOI: 10.7591/cornell/9781501749599.003.0008
Robert G. Spinney
{"title":"Progressivism and Urban Reform, 1890–1915","authors":"Robert G. Spinney","doi":"10.7591/cornell/9781501749599.003.0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501749599.003.0008","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter speaks of Judge Murray F. Tuley and the Municipal Voters' League who sought to save the city from the Chicago City Council and their conspirators, the elected city aldermen. It analyzes how the Chicago City Council allegedly degraded the city by means of what Chicagoans called boodle, which was the selling of municipal favors or privileges by politicians for personal profit. It also describes Tuley's sense of a noble crusade of righteousness that was typical of Progressive Era reformers, who sought to purge their cities of corruption, dishonesty, and bad government. The chapter highlights the Progressive movement that swept America, manifesting itself in the reform of both national and local politics between 1890 and 1915. It explores the Progressive Era reforms that accompanied America's transition from a nation of farmers and artisans to a nation characterized by immigration, industrialization, and urbanization.","PeriodicalId":287944,"journal":{"name":"City of Big Shoulders","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133072576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Life in a City on the Make, 1850–1900","authors":"Robert G. Spinney","doi":"10.7591/9781501748356-008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7591/9781501748356-008","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter explores Chicago's remarkable economic growth that was accompanied by a meteoric increase in population. It explains how Chicago was home to 30,000 residents in 1850 and then rose to 1,700,000 in 1900, making Chicago the second largest city in the United States. It also describes how Chicagoans' lives consisted of more than marketing grain, selling lumber, processing meat, and filling catalog orders amidst critical economic growth. The chapter highlights how the residents in Chicago threw themselves into political battles as they shaped their rapidly growing city. It also mentions the Chicagoans' establishment of institutions ranging from water pumping stations to Young Men's Christian Association (YMCA) buildings in order to meet their needs.","PeriodicalId":287944,"journal":{"name":"City of Big Shoulders","volume":"542 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133321864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
City of Big ShouldersPub Date : 2020-05-15DOI: 10.7591/cornell/9781501749599.003.0001
Robert G. Spinney
{"title":"The Early World of Chigagou, 1600–1750","authors":"Robert G. Spinney","doi":"10.7591/cornell/9781501749599.003.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501749599.003.0001","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter talks about a marshy area Native Americans called Chigagou, meaning the “wild-garlic place”. It describes Chigagou as an inhospitable place and very few American Indians wanted to live on the area's marshy land. It also points out that the ancestors of the Native Americans who settled in the Chigagou area came from Siberia. This chapter explains that Chigagou was never the site of a major settlement and its geographic location suggests it was a place that American Indians passed through while traveling. The chapter mentions white traders that realized that the Chigagou swamp amounted to a mini-continental divide. East of Chigagou, rivers flowed eastward toward the Atlantic Ocean, and, west of the swamp, rivers flowed westward toward the Mississippi River.","PeriodicalId":287944,"journal":{"name":"City of Big Shoulders","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126196142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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