Boletín de la Real Sociedad Española de Historia Natural最新文献

{"title":"Primeros datos sobre las fuentes poliníferas y nectaríferas\u0000de Orphilus beali Zanthiev, 2001 y O. niger (Rossi, 1790)\u0000en la península Ibérica (Coleoptera, Dermestidae)","authors":"J. L. Ruiz","doi":"10.29077/bol/113/ce09_lara","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29077/bol/113/ce09_lara","url":null,"abstract":"Resumen\u0000El papel de los Dermestidae (como de todos los Coleoptera florícolas, salvo los\u0000Cerambycidae y Scarabaeidae florícolas) como polinizadores potenciales generalistas está\u0000infravalorado. En este artículo (el primero de una serie que abarcará a todos los grupos de\u0000polinizadores) se aportan los primeros datos sobre las fuentes poliníferas y nectaríferas de\u0000Orphilus beali Zanthiev, 2001 y O. niger (Rossi, 1790) en la península Ibérica.\u0000Abstrac\u0000The role of the Dermestidae (as of all the antophilous Coleoptera, except the Cerambycidae\u0000and the antophilous Scarabaeidae) as potential generalist pollinators is undervalued. In this\u0000article (the first in a series that will cover all pollinator groups) provides the first data on the\u0000polyniferous and nectariferous sources of Orphilus beali Zanthiev, 2001 and O. niger (Rossi, 1790).\u0000In the Iberic Peninsule.","PeriodicalId":286201,"journal":{"name":"Boletín de la Real Sociedad Española de Historia Natural","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134387716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lista patrón de las especies biológicas identificadas en\u0000las albuferas de Adra (Almería, España, sureste ibérico)","authors":"M. Paracuellos, M. A. Dios, L. Gutiérrez, Enrique Moreno-Ostos","doi":"10.29077/BOL/113/CE05_PARACUELLOS","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29077/BOL/113/CE05_PARACUELLOS","url":null,"abstract":"el conocimiento de las especies que habitan en un\u0000enclave, facilitando su estudio científico, gestión y divulgación ambiental. A pesar de que las albuferas de Adra constituyen uno de los humedales mejor conocidos de España, la información\u0000acerca de la composición de sus comunidades biológicas se encuentra muy dispersa. En este\u0000trabajo se ha realizado un compendio de todos los taxones citados para las albuferas de Adra a\u0000partir de una completa revisión bibliográfica a la que se sumaron referencias inéditas. A los diferentes taxones conocidos se les clasificó según los grupos funcionales y filogenéticos a los que\u0000pertenecen, el tipo de hábitat que ocupaban, así como los regímenes de protección y amenaza\u0000en los que están incluidos. La relevancia de este trabajo radica en reflejar, en un solo listado, los\u0000componentes de la diversidad biológica conocidos, lo cual es de gran utilidad para la gestión del\u0000espacio natural protegido.\u0000Hasta la fecha se han citado 599 taxones en las albuferas de Adra. Los vertebrados son\u0000los que predominaron en cuanto a diversidad, protección legal y grado de amenaza. Por su lado,\u0000también destacó el conocimiento acerca de los organismos planctónicos, así como la, según\u0000algunos autores, comparativamente alta diversidad de plantas presentes en su conjunto. A pesar\u0000de su abundancia, uno de los grupos que presentó una información más limitada fue el de los\u0000invertebrados, especialmente los terrestres.\u0000Abstract\u0000Biological taxonomy plays a central role for the knowledge of the species that inhabit a\u0000certain place, facilitating their scientific study, environmental management and social divulgation.\u0000Although the coastal lagoon of Albuferas de Adra constitute one of the best studied wetlands of\u0000Almería and Spain, the information on the composition of its biological communities is still very\u0000dispersed, so that a standardized list of all the taxa cited in the ecosystem becomes necessary.\u0000In the present study, a compilation of the taxa hitherto cited for the Albuferas de Adra has been\u0000carried out by means of a deep literature search, to which unpublished references contributed\u0000by connoisseurs of their environment were also added.\u0000The Albuferas de Adra constitutes a wetland located in the delta of the Adra river (Adra,\u0000Almería, Iberian southeast), colonized for decades by today’s ubiquitous agricultural greenhouses (Figure 1). Despite the wetland relevant natural values, the current anthropic pressures derived from intensive agriculture in the catchment have promoted a progressive and significant\u0000ecosystem degradation. Although the Andalusian environmental administration promotes management strategies to minimize or mitigate these impacts, severe anthropogenic pressures on\u0000the wetland still continue.\u0000Exclusively, the taxa that were expressly mentioned for the swampy environment of the\u0000delta of the Adra river were taken into account, excluding those linked to environments altered\u0000by human activity, or those that undoubtedly constituted er","PeriodicalId":286201,"journal":{"name":"Boletín de la Real Sociedad Española de Historia Natural","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116551246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fossils from the Azorejo Formation (Lower\u0000Cambrian, Central Iberian Zone) in the Guadiana\u0000river section at Picón, Ciudad Real","authors":"J. S. López-Villalta","doi":"10.29077/bol/113/ce06_simon","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29077/bol/113/ce06_simon","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract\u0000During the Stage 3 of the Cambrian, several siliciclastic formations were deposited in a\u0000shallow platform that would become part of the Iberian Massif, containing abundant trace fossils\u0000and the conspicuous ichnospecies Astropolichnus hispanicus, endemic to southwestern Europe\u0000during the regional Ovetian stage. The fossil record of these formations has been explored\u0000mainly in northern Spain; in southern Spain, the Azorejo Formation (Azorejo Sandstone) is the\u0000only unit of this kind, but its paleobiological content has never been described in detail. In this\u0000work, the fossil record of the Azorejo Formation is documented from one of its least known\u0000outcrops: the Guadiana river section at Picón, Ciudad Real. In this section, the Azorejo Forma- tion contains a diverse trace fossil record for a neritic environment, comprising Agrichnium?,\u0000Astropolichnus hispanicus, Belorhaphe, Bergaueria cf. hemispherica, Cochlichnus, Conichnus conicus,\u0000Cruziana, Dimorphichnus, Diplichnites, Diplocraterion, Monocraterion, Monomorphichnus bilinearis,\u0000Monomorphichnus lineatus, Monomorphichnus lineatus var. giganticus, Palaeophycus, Palaeophycus cf.\u0000imbricatus, Planolites, Psammichnites, Rusophycus avalonensis?, Skolithos, Treptichnus pedum, and trace\u0000fossils similar to Nereites and Zoophycos. A structure interpreted as the body fossil of a radial\u0000organism is also described. Some of these fossils are firstly cited to the Azorejo Formation and\u0000the Lower Cambrian of the Iberian Massif.\u0000Resumen\u0000Durante la Edad 3 del Cámbrico, varias formaciones siliciclásticas fueron depositadas en\u0000una plataforma somera que habría de convertirse en parte del Macizo Ibérico, conteniendo\u0000abundantes pistas fósiles y la icnoespecie Astropolichnus hispanicus, endémica del sudoeste europeo durante el piso regional Ovetiense. El registro fósil de estas formaciones ha sido explorado\u0000principalmente en el norte de España; en el sur, la Formación Azorejo (Areniscas del Azorejo)\u0000es la única unidad de este tipo, pero su contenido paleobiológico nunca ha sido descrito en\u0000detalle. En este trabajo, el registro fósil de la Formación Azorejo es documentado para uno de\u0000sus afloramientos menos conocidos: la sección del río Guadiana en Picón, Ciudad Real. En él la\u0000Formación Azorejo contiene variadas pistas fósiles, incluyendo Agrichnium?, Astropolichnus hispanicus, Belorhaphe, Bergaueria cf. hemispherica, Cochlichnus, Conichnus conicus, Cruziana, Dimorphichnus,\u0000Diplichnites, Diplocraterion, Monocraterion, Monomorphichnus bilinearis, Monomorphichnus lineatus,\u0000Monomorphichnus lineatus var. giganticus, Palaeophycus, Palaeophycus cf. imbricatus, Planolites, Psammichnites, Rusophycus avalonensis?, Skolithos, Treptichnus pedum, una pista similar a Nereites y otra\u0000a Zoophycos. Se describe una estructura interpretada como el fósil corporal de un organismo\u0000radial. Algunos de estos fósiles se citan por primera vez para las Areniscas del Azorejo y el\u0000Cámbrico Inferior del Macizo Ibérico.","PeriodicalId":286201,"journal":{"name":"Boletín de la Real Sociedad Española de Historia Natural","volume":"161 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127358758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New records of Dermestid beetles (Coleoptera,\u0000Dermestidae) from the Iberian Peninsula and the Balearics","authors":"Miguel Prieto-Manzanares, A. Herrmann","doi":"10.29077/BOL/113/CE03_PRIETO","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29077/BOL/113/CE03_PRIETO","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract\u0000New records of eight species of little known Dermestidae (Coleoptera) are given for the\u0000Ibero-Balearic fauna. Most of them represent first records at regional level: Anthrenus (Anthrenus)\u0000munroi Hinton, 1943 (Valencian Community); Anthrenus (Nathrenus) biskrensis Reitter, 1887\u0000(Community of Madrid, second record from the Iberian Peninsula); Attagenus (Attagenus) lobatus\u0000Rosenhauer, 1856 (Balearic Islands); Dermestes (Dermestes) hispanicus Kalík, 1952 (Galicia);\u0000Dermestes (Dermestinus) szekessyi Kalík, 1950 (Balearic Islands); Globicornis (Hadrotoma) hispanica\u0000Pic, 1908 (Castilla-León, second record from the Iberian Peninsula); Globicornis (Hadrotoma)\u0000sulcata (Brisout de Barneville, 1866) (Andalusia) and Megatoma (Megatoma) ruficornis Aubé,\u00001866 (Navarre, third record from the Iberian Peninsula). Worldwide and Iberian distribution is\u0000provided for each species, as well as some additional remarks and illustrations.\u0000Resumen\u0000Se aportan nuevos registros de ocho especies de Dermestidae (Coleoptera) poco conocidas\u0000para la fauna iberobalear. La mayoria de ellos constituyen primeras citas a nivel regional: Anthrenus\u0000(Anthrenus) munroi Hinton, 1943 (Comunidad Valenciana); Anthrenus (Nathrenus) biskrensis Reitter,\u00001887 (Comunidad de Madrid, segunda cita para la península ibérica); Attagenus (Attagenus)\u0000lobatus Rosenhauer, 1856 (islas Baleares); Dermestes (Dermestes) hispanicus Kalík, 1952 (Galicia);\u0000Dermestes (Dermestinus) szekessyi Kalík, 1950 (islas Baleares); Globicornis (Hadrotoma) hispanica\u0000Pic, 1908 (Castilla y León, segunda cita para la península ibérica); Globicornis (Hadrotoma) sulcata\u0000(Brisout de Barneville, 1866) (Andalucía) y Megatoma (Megatoma) ruficornis Aubé, 1866 (Navarra,\u0000tercera cita para la península ibérica). Se proporciona la distribución mundial e ibérica de cada\u0000especie, así como algunos comentarios adicionales e ilustraciones.","PeriodicalId":286201,"journal":{"name":"Boletín de la Real Sociedad Española de Historia Natural","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131975595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Aunando competencias”: difusión de la\u0000Microbiología a través del inglés. Una experiencia\u0000novedosa en la Educación de Personas Adultas","authors":"Gonzalo Sacristán, Ruth Martín","doi":"10.29077/bol/113/ce08_sacristan","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29077/bol/113/ce08_sacristan","url":null,"abstract":"Resumen\u0000El Grupo GreenMicro de la Universidad de Burgos junto con el grupo de innovación docente Science Pro de la Universidad de Valladolid y el Centro de Educación de Personas Adultas\u0000de Olmedo, Valladolid ha diseñado esta experiencia docente dirigida al alumnado de Educación\u0000de Personas Adultas sin estudios universitarios previos. Se pretende, dentro del ámbito del\u0000conocimiento del “medio natural” y el módulo complementario “Lengua extranjera: Inglés”,\u0000fomentar las competencias propias de la microbiología a través de la lengua inglesa. Inicialmente, se impartirá una sesión teórica mediante el empleo de las TICs y un glosario específico de\u0000microbiología en inglés que será presentado de forma visual. Posteriormente se realizará unas\u0000sesiones prácticas de “laboratorio” en la que el alumnado participará de forma activa. En ella se\u0000llevarán a cabo actividades de siembra e identificación microscópica de diferentes muestras. Se\u0000hará especial hincapié en la importancia de los microorganismos en la elaboración de alimentos.\u0000Con todo esto, se pretende fomentar competencias propias de microbiología combinadas con\u0000la competencia lingüística, en este caso el idioma inglés.\u0000Abstract\u0000The GreenMicro group (Burgos University), teachers from the Science-Pro project from\u0000the Faculty of Education and Social Work (University of Valladolid) and from the Adult Education Center of Olmedo, Valladolid, have designed a workshop focused on adult students without\u0000a university degree. This experience is intended to promote the microbiology competences\u0000through the English language through different fields included in the curriculum of the adult\u0000education system in Castilla y León. These are “natural and social environment” and “English as\u0000a Second Language”. First, a theory session will be developed using ICTs and a specific glossary\u0000will be introduced in order to get the students used to some microbiology vocabulary. After this,\u0000some practice sessions will be developed so as to make the students participate of their own\u0000learning. Some microbial sown and microscopic identification will be carried out. Special attention will be paid to the importance of microorganisms when manipulating foods. The main aim\u0000is to promote the microbiology competences and those that will help the students to reinforce\u0000the linguistic competence of the English language.","PeriodicalId":286201,"journal":{"name":"Boletín de la Real Sociedad Española de Historia Natural","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133583727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dermestes (Dermestinus) szekessyi kazakh ssp.\u0000nov., a new subspecies from East Kazakhstan\u0000(Coleoptera: Dermestidae: Dermestinae)","authors":"J. Háva","doi":"10.29077/BOL/113/CE04_HAVA","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29077/BOL/113/CE04_HAVA","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract\u0000The new subspecies Dermestes (Dermestinus) szekessyi kazakh ssp. nov. from East\u0000Kazakhstan is described, illustrated and compared with the nominotypical subspecies. A list of\u0000Dermestes species recorded from Kazakhstan is provided.\u0000Resumen\u0000La nueva subespecie Dermestes (Dermestinus) szekessyi kazakh ssp. nov. del este de Kazajstán\u0000se describe, ilustra y compara con las subespecies nominotípicas. Se proporciona una lista de las\u0000especies de Dermestes registradas de Kazajstán.","PeriodicalId":286201,"journal":{"name":"Boletín de la Real Sociedad Española de Historia Natural","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122272039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evidencias moleculares de hibridación entre\u0000Serinus canaria domestica (L., 1758) y Spinus\u0000barbatus (Molina, 1782) (Aves: Fringillidae)","authors":"Leila Díaz, Víctor Alejandro Correa, J. Núñez","doi":"10.29077/BOL/112/CE03_DIAZ","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29077/BOL/112/CE03_DIAZ","url":null,"abstract":"Resumen\u0000En este estudio se muestran evidencias moleculares de éxito en la hibridación entre Serinus canaria domestica (linnaeus, 1758) y Spinus barbatus (molina, 1782). Como parte de una\u0000secuencia de retrocruzamiento, se logró reproducir híbridos F2 a partir de hembras híbridas\u0000fértiles viables F1 x S. c. domestica. La F1 fue la descendencia entre P0\u0000= Serinus c. domestica x Spinus barbatus. Las secuencias de nucleótidos de dos segmentos de ADN, citocromo b mitocondrial (Cyt b) y el receptor de tirosina quinasa muscular (MuSK) del ADN nuclear se obtuvieron\u0000de tres especímenes híbridos F2. Tanto las secuencias de Cyt b como de MuSK señalaron fuerte\u0000soporte filogenético a la condición genética híbrida de los tres embriones F2. De esta manera la\u0000evidencia molecular refleja el éxito en el cruce interespecífico entre S. barbatus con S. c. domestica y que es posible obtener híbridos fértiles viables F1 (en este caso hembras) y F2 entre estos\u0000dos linajes en poblaciones naturales.\u0000Abstract\u0000In this study we show molecular evidences of success in hybridization between Serinus\u0000canaria domestica and Spinus barbatus. As part of a sequence of backcrossing we have achieved to\u0000reproduce F2 hybrids of fertile hybrid females F1 with parental S. c. domestica. F1 was the offspring between, P0\u0000= S. c. domestica x S. barbatus. In this study the space where the observations\u0000and the breeding success are carried out between these species, they are described: is a room\u0000with the following measures; 4,45 m (lenghty) x 1,60 m (width) x 2,30 m (high), located in an\u0000urban building; specifically, glassed-balcony at a height of 10,60 m above ground level, facing some\u0000ornamental and exuberant canopy trees of Platanus orientalis (L., 1753) and with direct entrance\u0000of natural sunlight, in urban city of Santiago, Chile, where his perceptual world develops. We\u0000took care to keep the biotic and abiotic factors under control; specifically, incoming natural light,\u0000ambient vegetation and temperature. On the other hand, we fed the individuals appropriately\u0000and provided them with plenty of clean water to drink and get clean, where there were no predators. In sum, the individuals were kept in a healthy environment. The backcrossing between the\u0000male S. c. domestica (generation 0) bred with two viable hybrid F1 offspring females, it gave as resulted in a total of three independent generations of F2 hybrids (n = 12). All the individuals came\u0000out healthy, and none of them died, despite being inbred lineages. Three embryos representative\u0000of the F2 hybrids were sacrificed and deposited in 99% alcohol. Nucleotide sequences of two\u0000DNA segments, mitochondrial cytochrome b (Cyt b) and muscle-specific receptor tyrosine\u0000kinase (MuSK) gene of the nuclear DNA were obtained from three F2 hybrid specimens. The\u0000model of molecular evolution with the greatest adjustment to the data obtained by jModeltest\u0000was GTR + I + G (I = 0,1450, G = 0,0930), according to the phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial DNA (Fig.","PeriodicalId":286201,"journal":{"name":"Boletín de la Real Sociedad Española de Historia Natural","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131991942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transición de la mortalidad en la villa de Siles\u0000(Jaén, España) en el siglo XX","authors":"Ramón Beteta Avio","doi":"10.29077/bol/112/ce02_beteta","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29077/bol/112/ce02_beteta","url":null,"abstract":"Resumen\u0000En el presente trabajo se analiza la transición de la mortalidad en el siglo XX de la población de Siles (Jaén). Se han fotografiado digitalmente e informatizado las actas de los libros de\u0000óbitos y bautismos de la parroquia del pueblo desde 1900 al 1999, y tomando datos del Registro\u0000Civil. En total figuran 6.623 fichas individuales de defunciones (47,5% mujeres) y 10.793 de nacimientos (49,4% mujeres) con todos los datos de interés demográfico. Se ha divido la centuria\u0000en cuatro periodos; en cada uno de ellos se analizan distintas facetas de la mortalidad y se relacionan con la situación social y económica del mismo. Las tasas pasan de ser muy elevadas en\u0000los primeros quinquenios del siglo a registrar en la década de los sesenta los valores más bajos.\u0000En las últimas décadas se registra un relativo incremento de la mortalidad general ocasionado\u0000por una estructura poblacional envejecida. El progreso médico-sanitario, la mejora de las condiciones de vida y alimentación y el incremento de los niveles culturales han sido los factores más\u0000influyentes en el descenso de la letalidad de las enfermedades infecciosas.\u0000Abstract\u0000In the present work the transition of the mortality of the population of Siles (Jaén) in the\u000020th century was analysed. The minutes of the death and baptism books proceeding from the\u0000village parish and dated from 1900 to 1999 were photographed digitally and computerized. The\u0000data from the Civil Registry was also taken. In total, there were 6623 individual fact sheets on\u0000death (47.5% women) and 10793 ones on birth (49.4% women), respectively, with all information\u0000on demographic interest. The century was divided into four periods. In each of them different\u0000facets of mortality were studied and related to the social and economic situation of the studied\u0000term. While the rates showed to be very high in the initial five year-period of the century, their\u0000lowest values were registered in the 60s. In the last decades of the century there was a relative\u0000increase in general mortality caused by an older population structure. A healthcare progress, the\u0000improvement of living and working conditions and the increase of cultural level were the most\u0000influential factors in the decline of in the lethality of infectious diseases.","PeriodicalId":286201,"journal":{"name":"Boletín de la Real Sociedad Española de Historia Natural","volume":"87 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115170133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"La abeja de la miel y los abejorros (Bombus, Xylocopa),\u0000polinizadores potenciales de doce especies de Compositae en los cardales del macizo Cazorla-Segura (Jaén,\u0000SE Península Ibérica) (Insecta, Hymenoptera, Apidae)","authors":"J. L. Ruiz","doi":"10.29077/BOL/112/CE01_LARA","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29077/BOL/112/CE01_LARA","url":null,"abstract":"Resumen\u0000Se aportan datos sobre Apis mellifera (Linnaeus, 1758), Bombus lapidarius (Linnaeus, 1758),\u0000Bombus maxillosus Klug, 1817; Bombus pascuorum (Scopoli, 1763), Bombus pratorum (Linnaeus,\u00001761), Bombus ruderatus (Fabricius, 1775), Bombus sylvestris (Lepeletier, 1832); Bombus terrestris\u0000(Linnaeus, 1758), Bombus vestalis (Geoffroy, 1785), Xylocopa cantabrita Lepeletier,1841; Xylocopa\u0000iris (Christ, 1791), Xylocopa valga Gerstäcker, 1872 y Xylocopa violacea (Linnaeus, 1758) como\u0000polinizadores potenciales y visitantes florales de Carduus bourgeanus Boiss. & Reut. subsp.\u0000bourgeanus, C. platypus Lange subsp. granatensis (Willk.) Nyman, Carduus pycnocephalus L., C.\u0000tenuiflorus Curtis, Carlina hispanica Lam., Carthamus lanatus L., Cirsium odontolepis Boiss., Notobasis\u0000syriaca (L.) Cass., Onopordum acaulon L., O. nervosum Boiss., Scolymus hispanicus L. y Silybum\u0000marianum (L.) Graetn. (Compositae) en el macizo Cazorla-Segura (Jaén, SE Península Ibérica).\u0000Abstract\u0000Data about the Apis mellifera (Linnaeus, 1758) , Bombus lapidarius (Linnaeus, 1758),\u0000Bombus maxillosus Klug, 1817; Bombus pascuorum (Scopoli, 1763), Bombus pratorum (Linnaeus,\u00001761), Bombus ruderatus (Fabricius, 1775), Bombus sylvestris (Lepeletier, 1832); Bombus terrestris\u0000(Linnaeus, 1758), Bombus vestalis (Geoffroy, 1785), Xylocopa cantabrita Lepeletier,1841; Xylocopa\u0000iris (Christ, 1791), Xylocopa valga Gerstöcker, 1872 y Xylocopa violacea (Linnaeus, 1758) as\u0000potencial pollinators and visitors of the Carduus bourgeanus Boiss. & Reut. subsp. bourgeanus, C.\u0000platypus Lange subsp. granatensis (Willk.) Nyman, Carduus pycnocephalus L., C. tenuiflorus Curtis,\u0000Carlina hispanica Lam., Carthamus lanatus L., Cirsium odontolepis Boiss. ex DC., Notobasis syriaca\u0000(L.) Cass., Onopordum acaulon L., O. nervosum Boiss., Scolymus hispanicus L. y Silybum marianum (L.)\u0000Graetn. (Compositae) in Cazorla-Segura mountains (Jaén, SE Iberian Peninsula) are presented.","PeriodicalId":286201,"journal":{"name":"Boletín de la Real Sociedad Española de Historia Natural","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123235817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revisión de los aportes de los datos moleculares en la\u0000conservación de mamíferos con especial énfasis en la\u0000asignación geográfica de ejemplares procedentes del\u0000tráfico y caza ilegal en Colombia y en Latinoamérica","authors":"M. Ruiz-García","doi":"10.29077/BOL/112/E01_RUIZ","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29077/BOL/112/E01_RUIZ","url":null,"abstract":"Resumen\u0000En la presente revisión se analiza la aportación que hace la genética de poblaciones con\u0000el uso de marcadores moleculares en favor de la conservación biológica de mamíferos. Se comentan específicamente nueve puntos (identificación de especies, identificación de individuos\u0000determinados, determinación de parentesco, determinación de sexo, estimación de composición de poblaciones con orígenes múltiples, detección de híbridos, viabilidad de translocaciones,\u0000maximización de la diversidad genética en especies en cautiverio extintas en la naturaleza, y\u0000asignación geográfica de especímenes, o tejidos, decomisados procedentes de tráfico o caza\u0000ilegal). Se trata con especial énfasis este último punto. Para ello, se ilustra con detalle la capacidad de asignación geográfica que se ha generado en el Laboratorio de Genética de Poblaciones\u0000Molecular-Biología Evolutiva de la Pontificia Universidad Javeriana en Bogotá (Colombia), al aplicar diferentes tipos de marcadores moleculares a unos 10 000 ejemplares de la mayor parte de\u0000especies de mamíferos silvestres que se decomisan en ese país. Se da a conocer un nuevo banco\u0000de datos genéticos (Gen-y-Libertad), el cual contiene información a cerca de qué especies, para\u0000qué marcadores, cuantos ejemplares han sido analizados, y de qué países proceden las muestras,\u0000que puede permitir la asignación geográfica correcta de ejemplares de mamíferos ilegalmente\u0000traficados o cazados en Colombia y, también, en otros países de Latinoamérica. Igualmente, se\u0000describen los grupos y especies de mamíferos de los que todavía no se dispone de esa capacidad\u0000de asignación geográfica, pero que se está trabajando para tenerla en un futuro cercano. También\u0000se comentan diferentes estudios en otros países latinoamericanos que podrían complementar\u0000la capacidad de asignación geográfica de fauna mastozoológica decomisada a nivel global en toda\u0000Latinoamérica.\u0000Abstract\u0000In the current review, I analyze the contribution of the population genetics, with the use of\u0000molecular markers, to the mammalian conservation biology. Nine specific points are commented (species identification, specific individual identification, kinship determination, sex identity,\u0000multiple origin population identification, hybrid detection, translocation viability, genetic diversity increase in extinct species in captivity, and geographical assignment of individuals, or tissues,\u0000sized from ilegal trafic and hunting). This last point was extensively treated. For this reason, I\u0000show in detail the ability of geographical assignment that it has been generated in the Laboratory \u0000of Molecular Population Genetics-Evolutionary Biology at the Pontificia Javeriana University in\u0000Bogota (Colombia) to apply different types of molecular markers to around 10,000 specimens\u0000of a large fraction of wild mammal species, which are sized in that country. A new genetic data\u0000bank is presented here (Gene-and-Freedom), which shows of what species, for which genes,\u0000how many individuals have been ana","PeriodicalId":286201,"journal":{"name":"Boletín de la Real Sociedad Española de Historia Natural","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134178410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}