Theory and practice of jurisprudence最新文献

{"title":"Improvement of a prosecutor’s participation in the conducting operative search cases by the units, that conduct operative search measures","authors":"Serhii Tikhonov, Viktor Vasylyncnuk, Serhii Vyshnevskyi","doi":"10.21564/2225-6555.2022.21.260018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21564/2225-6555.2022.21.260018","url":null,"abstract":"In the course of normative-legal improvement of operative search activity (further OSA) role of the Prosecutor’s Office should be extended with processual supplement of operative search cases. It would be wise to attach in the law a provision that would oblige the heads of operational units in case of fixation operational and investigative measures information about the preparation or commission of a criminal offense, immediately notify the prosecutor (who oversees compliance with the law during operative and search activities) for the acceptance the decision about making changes to the Unite register of Pre-Trial investigations (URPI). \u0000For a prosecutor (who is informed with the operative search case since the moment of its creation) it would be much easier to find existence or absence the signs of criminal in given materials of OSA and to accept the right decision. For the investigator or processual head who do not have access to the case it would be much harder. \u0000The proposed changes will significantly reduce the time required for the prosecutor to make a decision on the registration of information in the URPI. Also they will have an influence on quality of information and acceptance of right processual decisions including right chose of body of Pre-Trial investigation.Except that due to the mentioned before causes the prosecutor who conduct the observation of legality during OSA should be appointed as processual head or included in the group of processual heads in case if according to the criminal proceedings some information is enrolled to the URPI. Due to the fact that the relevant law provides for the supervision of prosecutors over the observance of laws by the bodies, that make OSA and according the norms and rules mentioned in the law of Ukraine about operative search activity it is necessary that proposed changes were made directly in the law, that regulate OSA. \u0000It would be reasonable to anticipate in the Law of Ukraine about operative search activity that in order to prevent the simultaneous conducting of operational and search measures that partially restrict the human rights of one person by different subjects of operational and investigative activities, the Office of the Prosecutor General may maintain a secure register of operational proceedings.","PeriodicalId":285666,"journal":{"name":"Theory and practice of jurisprudence","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127902099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Delimitation of the concepts of «gift» and «illegal benefit» in administrative and criminal law","authors":"Andrii Habuda, K. Danchenko","doi":"10.21564/2225-6555.2022.21.260023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21564/2225-6555.2022.21.260023","url":null,"abstract":"The article raises issues of interpretation and application of anti-corruption terminology, in particular, the definitions of \"gift\" and \"illegal benefit\". It is noted that the correct delineation of these concepts is important not only for legal science in the application of applied research but also for rulemaking and law enforcement. It was found that courts allow different applications of Art. 172-5 of the Code of Administrative Offenses and Art. 368 of the Criminal Code and as a consequence – incorrect qualification and incorrect definition of a liability. Also, we noticed that the problems of delimitation of gifts and improper benefits are not so much a problem of legislation as to the distorted practice of its application. \u0000Considering doctrinal developments and normative provisions of anti-corruption legislation, the author's approach to determining the differences between the studied terms is proposed. The principle position is substantiated, according to which, when delimitation of illegal benefit and a gift, violation of restrictions on receiving which constitutes an administrative offense, first of all, it should be borne in mind that illegal benefit is always provided for what act using the powers, authority or official position given to him. A gift is received by such a person not for committing or not committing an act with the use of the powers or powers granted to him, but for free, free of charge. Given that the dilemma of the gift and illegal benefit becomes acute in the law enforcement sphere, the authors propose to eliminate it by determining the relevant law enforcement guidelines by the Supreme Court.","PeriodicalId":285666,"journal":{"name":"Theory and practice of jurisprudence","volume":"508 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116201338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"Success fee\" of an advocate: on the way to the unity of judicial practice","authors":"O. Popov","doi":"10.21564/2225-6555.2022.21.260038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21564/2225-6555.2022.21.260038","url":null,"abstract":"The presented work is devoted to the study of the legal nature of the \"success fee\" as a form of attorney’s remuneration for the provision of legal assistance, as well as to the consideration of the possibilities of applying the structure of such remuneration in the national legal field. \u0000The review of the current legislation of Ukraine, as well as the legislation of other countries on the perception and legal regulation of the \"success fee\", based on the traditional division of law systems into Anglo-Saxon and Continental, was carried out. It is noted that the \"success fee\" by its nature is an additional remuneration to a lawyer, that is, a premium (bonus) that is paid to the latter in the event of a successful resolution of the client’s case, in addition to the fee that is payable for the provision of services provided by the lawyer under the contract for the provision of legal assistance. \u0000Based on the fundamental function of the Supreme Court to ensure the unity of judicial practice, the dynamics of law enforcement approaches is traced at the level of its legal opinions, affecting the nature of the \"success fee\" and its legality. It is argued that the current practice of the Supreme Court has weakened its categorical attitude to the \"success fee\" and proceeds from the acceptability of this form of additional attorney’s remuneration, the payment of which depends on the outcome of the case. Also, the conclusions of the Supreme Court on the application of certain norms of procedural laws consider the possibility of resolving the issue of compensation for the costs incurred by a person to pay the “success fee” when the court decides on the distribution of court costs. \u0000According to the results of the study, in order to avoid any differences in law enforcement approaches in the future, separate proposals were made for the proper settlement of the issue of \"success fee\" in national law.","PeriodicalId":285666,"journal":{"name":"Theory and practice of jurisprudence","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125324875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the matter of retroactivity of the rulings of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine","authors":"O. V. Pushniak","doi":"10.21564/2225-6555.2021.2.244265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21564/2225-6555.2021.2.244265","url":null,"abstract":"The article focuses on the problem of the temporal effect of the rulings of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine declaring the unconstitutionality of legislation, in particular on the matter of retroactivity of such rulings. Based on the existing standpoints in the legal doctrine, the author has analyzed the legislation and legal practices of Ukraine, notably the practice of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine and the Supreme Court. In particular, the highest consideration is given to the established legal positions of the courts, which set up the non-retroactivity of the rulings of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine on unconstitutionality of an act of legislation. This position is based on the courts' interpretation of Art. 152 of the Constitution of Ukraine as such, which makes it impossible for these rulings of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine to be retroactive. The article also examines the exceptions to this rule.\u0000The author notes the fundamental shortcomings of this position, whose categorical approach contradicts a number of fundamental legal principles. It unjustifiably prefers legal certainty, ignoring the requirements of justice, protection of human rights, equality, as well as a number of components of legal certainty or similar requirements of supremacy and direct effect of the Constitution of Ukraine, consistency of law, legality.\u0000The inconsistency of such position is also highlighted from the standpoint of the legal dogmatics and argumentation. In general, the decisions of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine and the Supreme Court on this matter do not contain any detailed or proper arguments. Meanwhile, there is a misinterpretation of the relevant provision of the Constitution of Ukraine as determining the direction of the temporal effect of the ruling of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine on the rights and obligations, when in fact this provision directly sets only the dates of invalidation of unconstitutional provisions.\u0000Under such conditions, the author states that the general principles of law, the current Constitution and legislation of Ukraine generally do not prohibit the retroactivity of rulings of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine on unconstitutionality of an act of legislation. Rather, they point at its necessity in many cases. At the same time, the author emphasizes the need for a more flexible approach to determining the directions of the temporal effect of rulings of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine","PeriodicalId":285666,"journal":{"name":"Theory and practice of jurisprudence","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114012121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Criminological characterisation of violent crimes involving firearms, committed against life and well-being of people","authors":"B. O. Voitsekhovskyi","doi":"10.21564/2225-6555.2021.2.243745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21564/2225-6555.2021.2.243745","url":null,"abstract":"Efficiency of crime preventive measures directly depends on the awareness of law enforcement agents about the object of preventive influence. It is especially important to consider this circumstance in relation to violent infringements. Therefore, knowledge concerning the criminological profile of crimes against life and well-being of people that are committed with firearms, under severe criminogenic conditions in the country, has a special value. As of today, the category “criminological charasteristic of criminality” is yet to receive it’s solid value. Typically, this term consists of descriptions of distinctive features of criminality as a phenomenon, which is composed via analysis of it’s quantitative and qualitative indicators, namely: total amount of offences and perpetrators, coefficient of criminality (coefficients of crime intensity and crime activity), crime dynamics, crime structure, geography of crime and price of crime. In this research a universally recognized model of criminological characteristic was used, which involves such indicators: crime level, crime coefficient, crime dynamics, crime structure, geography of crime, price of crime and level of latency. The purpose of this article is to determine the current state and tendencies of crimes against life and well-being of people involving firearms use in Ukraine. The challenge of this article is to provide a criminological characteristic of this phenomenon under modern conditions. Research results have established a general pattern of lowering levels of certain crimes, qualified by the following  articles of Criminal Code of Ukraine: 115 “Homicide”, 116 “Murder commited in the heat of passion”, 118 “Murder in excess of necessary defense or in excess of measures necessary to apprehend an offender”, 119 “Negligent homicide”, 121 “Intended grievous bodily injury”, 122 “Intended bodily injury of medium gravity”, 123 “Intended grievous bodily injury inflicted in the heat of passion”, 124 “Intended grievous bodily injury inflicted in excess of necessary defense or in excess of measures necessary to apprehend an offender”, 125 “Intended minor bodily injury”, 128 “Negligent grievous bodily injury or negligent bodily injury of medium gravity”, 129 “Death threat”","PeriodicalId":285666,"journal":{"name":"Theory and practice of jurisprudence","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127929809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surrogacy in international private law and public law aspects","authors":"Z. Chevychalova","doi":"10.21564/2225-6555.2021.2.244910","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21564/2225-6555.2021.2.244910","url":null,"abstract":"The proposed article is devoted to the issue of surrogacy in its international private law and public law aspects. The complexity and multidimensionality of issues, the emergence of which is due to the birth of children as a result of agreements on surrogacy, have been investigated. Taking into account the three main approaches to the problem of surrogacy existing in the world, namely: the first is a number of states and organizations that categorically deny the very possibility of trade in the context of surrogate motherhood, noting that the child is not talking about any deal; the second approach is that a significant number of stakeholders express concern about the potential merger of surrogate motherhood and child trafficking, which could lead to the criminalization of surrogate mothers and future parents, as well as possible violations of the right to sexual and reproductive health; the last group is a number of states and organizations that have spoken out in favor of a complete prohibition of surrogacy without any restrictions, the consequences of such approaches have been analyzed.\u0000Within the framework of this article, the author considers it appropriate to cite the position of the UN Special Rapporteur on the sale of children and the sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and the production of other materials on sexual abuse of children, the Permanent Bureau of the Hague Conference on Private International Law, as well as the European Court of Justice on human rights on the issues considered.\u0000The article draws a number of conclusions. First of all, compliance with the recommendations of the Special Rapporteur requires the adoption of urgent measures to prevent violations of the rights of all participants in a surrogacy relationship due to their vulnerability. Also, regarding the lack of regulation of these legal relations at the level of law within the jurisdiction of Ukraine, the author expresses his opinion about the certain justification of such a situation until a unified normative act is adopted based on the results of the work of the Hague Conference on Private International Law. Harmonization of legal norms at the national and international levels will allow in the future to avoid conflicts in relations of cross-border surrogacy, taking into account the issues of child trafficking, non-discrimination and the right to health of children born through surrogacy, citizenship, name and family ties in the framework of respect for the child’s right to preserve his identity, as well as access to information on origins and rights to family life, etc","PeriodicalId":285666,"journal":{"name":"Theory and practice of jurisprudence","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124045845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crime and corruption prevention objects","authors":"S. Lukashevych","doi":"10.21564/2225-6555.2021.2.244883","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21564/2225-6555.2021.2.244883","url":null,"abstract":"Under today’s conditions, humanity and all social and state formations, including Ukraine, as part of the world order, is experiencing many changes: we are in a radically new political, economic, spiritual and ideological situation compared to the end of the twentieth century; its main features are socio-economic stagnation, political, cultural, educational and moral-psychological uncertainty, activation of old and the emergence of new stressors at the level of both individual and group (and even mass) consciousness. The complexity and contradictions of socio-economic and political development of our country necessitate the theoretical understanding and development of scientifically sound tools with which to make more effective the process of social interaction, non-criminogenic development of society, crime prevention and counteraction. Without theoretical knowledge that directly serves a specific state-building practice, it is impossible to fulfill a strategic task - to build a democratic state and civil society in Ukraine. Scientists rightly point out that the current criminal situation is characterized by new types of crime, dynamism of development, unpredictability of changes, spread of organized forms and professionalism and the inability of the state to resist corruption necessitates the effectiveness of the fight against crime. \u0000The purpose of this article is to study the objects of crime and corruption prevention, to determine their essential characteristics and to separate them from other objects of social reality. The methodological basis of the work is the dialectical method, the application of which allows to study the object and subject of research in their epistemological unity, relationship, as well as differences. The technique used in writing the article consists of several basic methods of scientific knowledge. Using the historical method, historical and general theoretical questions of the essence of the object of crime prevention and corruption are clarified. The use of methods of analysis and synthesis made it possible to separate the objects of prevention from other objects of social reality - this was also facilitated by the use of the structural-functional method. These methods also allowed to investigate the theoretical views on the nature and elements of the object of crime and corruption prevention. The logical-semantic method was used to determine the relationships and mutual influences of crime prevention and corruption objects with other objects. Scientific abstraction and generalization of scientific and theoretical information as a process of establishing general properties and signs, allowed to reach and formulate final conclusions on the subject of research.\u0000Based on the considerations set out in the article, it can be noted that the objects of preventive influence on the prevention of crime and corruption are negative phenomena and processes of reality of material or spiritual nature, which lead to causes and c","PeriodicalId":285666,"journal":{"name":"Theory and practice of jurisprudence","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130806057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Some issues of legal regulation of political advertising","authors":"R. V. Vaksman","doi":"10.21564/2225-6555.2021.2.239908","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21564/2225-6555.2021.2.239908","url":null,"abstract":"For the first time in Ukraine, the definition of «political advertising» is reflected in the Law of Ukraine «On Elections of People’s Deputies», so far only on the basis of the definition of «advertising» in the Law of Ukraine «On Advertising» it was possible to qualify political advertising as any information about political actors, political parties, designed to raise awareness of their activities.\u0000The mechanism of legal regulation of political advertising involves the development and adoption of national laws and regulations governing public relations arising in the process of production, placement, distribution of political advertising, because in this case may affect the interests of society and the state as a whole.\u0000Today the issue of political advertising is regulated by several legal acts, in particular in Article 1 of the Law of Ukraine «On Advertising» provides only the definition of such advertising without details, the Law of Ukraine «On Local Elections», the Law of Ukraine «On Elections of Deputies of Ukraine», the Electoral Code Ukraine’s norms stipulate the peculiarities of campaigning in the form of political advertising, some restrictions on campaigning, etc. Therefore, the legislation should be characterized by the dispersion of norms on such advertising and inconsistency in the definition of «campaigning» and «political advertising.\u0000Therefore, it is suggested to get acquainted in detail with such a phenomenon as political advertising. The article focuses on the existence in the literature of different approaches to the definition of «political advertising» of its essence, considers the distinction between «political advertising» and «election campaigning», as well as analyzes current legislation and the current state of the legal regulation of this type of advertising","PeriodicalId":285666,"journal":{"name":"Theory and practice of jurisprudence","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129860361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protection of civil property rights in case of recognition of the contract as not concluded","authors":"O. Surzhenko","doi":"10.21564/2225-6555.2021.2.240882","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21564/2225-6555.2021.2.240882","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines the problems of protecting civil property rights, one of the ways of which is to recognize the transaction as invalid. When analyzing this method of protection, violations by a transaction of the conditions of its action, the legal nature of invalid transactions, individual grounds and legal consequences of their invalidity are considered. Transactions that have certain drawbacks, and therefore do not meet the conditions that make the person’s actions legitimate, closely intersect with other actions that also do not lead to the purpose for which they were committed. These are not concluded contracts. The plane of intersection of these actions is quite significant, and the criteria for their delimitation are not regulated in the law, but in judicial practice are sometimes worked out contradictory. This applies to non-compliance with the requirements for the form of the transaction (in particular, the signature of the person), essential conditions, and other provisions of the law.Protection of civil rights is one of the most important categories of the theory of civil and civil procedural law, without clarification of which it is very difficult to understand the nature and characteristics of civil sanctions, the mechanism of their implementation and other issues arising in connection with the violation of civil rights. It is noted that the originality of regulatory civil law is that it arises from legitimate legal actions and is aimed at satisfying any property need. The force of coercion gives it the ability to be provided with legal measures. The right (entitlement) to protection in regulatory legal relations is one of the transactions of any subjective civil law, according to which the rightholder can, in the event of violation of the right, make a demand for the protection of the violated civil law","PeriodicalId":285666,"journal":{"name":"Theory and practice of jurisprudence","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129822576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Theoretical problems of defining the concept of «economic organization»","authors":"O. Shchokina","doi":"10.21564/2225-6555.2021.2.246265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21564/2225-6555.2021.2.246265","url":null,"abstract":"The concept of “economic organization” is known in the science of economic law since Soviet times. However, it did not become widespread and was used only by some scholars.\u0000The legal status of economic organizations has not been comprehensively studied in the Ukrainian science of economic law.\u0000The purpose of the article is to set out the theoretical problems of defining the concept of “economic organization” and to outline the directions of their solution.\u0000The concept of “economic organization” is quite apposite to denote all the diversity of economic entities, but its usage caused a number of theoretical problems. These include problems: the relationship between the concepts of “economic organization” and “undertaking”, the status of a legal entity, the definition of organizational and legal forms of economic organizations, the distinction between commercial and non-commercial economic organizations and classification of economic organizations in general.\u0000The definition of “economic organization” needs to be clarified taking into account the following: in the economic turnover involved some business organizations that are not legal entities; the right to carry out economic activities should have the organization, that formed in the prescribed organizational and legal form, which provides economic competence for commercial or non-commercial economic activities","PeriodicalId":285666,"journal":{"name":"Theory and practice of jurisprudence","volume":"105 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132061230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}