Journal of Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical Research最新文献_第3页

Reimbursement Challenges in Europe for Innovative Therapies 欧洲创新疗法的报销挑战

Journal of Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical Research Pub Date : 2019-04-05 DOI: 10.31038/jppr.2019221

J. Ehreth

引用次数: 0

Observations on and Challenges to Research for the Future Treatments for Envenomation 环境污染未来治理研究的观察与挑战

Journal of Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical Research Pub Date : 2019-02-04 DOI: 10.31038/jppr.2019213

J. A. Price

引用次数: 0

Mithramycin-A Induced Toxicity in HepG2 Cells is mediated by Disruption of Calcium Homeostasis 米特霉素a对HepG2细胞的毒性是通过破坏钙稳态介导的

Journal of Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical Research Pub Date : 2019-01-25 DOI: 10.31038/jppr.2019211

Emad Darvishi, J. B. Lissoos, C. L. Thomas, G. Woldemichael

引用次数: 0

A Component of the Puzzle, When Attempting to Understand Antipsychotics: A Theoretical Study of Chemical Reactivity Indexes 当试图理解抗精神病药物时，难题的一个组成部分:化学反应性指标的理论研究

Journal of Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical Research Pub Date : 2018-11-17 DOI: 10.31038/jppr.2018115

Ana Martínez, R. Vargas

{"title":"A Component of the Puzzle, When Attempting to Understand Antipsychotics: A Theoretical Study of Chemical Reactivity Indexes","authors":"Ana Martínez, R. Vargas","doi":"10.31038/jppr.2018115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31038/jppr.2018115","url":null,"abstract":"Schizophrenia is a human condition that has attracted the attention of researchers. There is no cure for schizophrenia but several treatments can help control symptoms (hallucinations and delusions). Dopamine D2 receptor antagonists are mainly effective for the treatment of psychotic symptoms, hence the name “antipsychotic”. This study principally aims to conduct a quantum chemical analysis of one family of antipsychotics. New physical insights have attempted to explain the pharmacological action mechanism of these drugs. Two questions for which we found a possible answer are: why the Defined Daily Dose (DDD) of these drugs varies and what do we have to consider when attempting to improve the effectiveness of medications? Although DDD is a complex concept related with pharmacokinetics, in this investigation we report some insights concerning the chemical reactivity that could be useful. These drugs are antagonists of dopamine. This means that they occupy the same receptor, but refrain from activating it. We found that the more they differ from those found in dopamine, the lower DDD is required. Chemical reactivity indexes of antipsychotics should to be different from those of dopamine. These ideas represent an aspect of the complex puzzle that contributes to define the pharmacological action of antipsychotics.","PeriodicalId":285318,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical Research","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131721613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Studies on the Evaluation of Preservative Efficacy of 2-Pyrrolidone for Oral Paediatric Formulations 小儿口服制剂2-吡咯烷酮的防腐效果评价研究

Journal of Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical Research Pub Date : 2018-08-23 DOI: 10.31038/jppr.2018114

{"title":"Studies on the Evaluation of Preservative Efficacy of 2-Pyrrolidone for Oral Paediatric Formulations","authors":"","doi":"10.31038/jppr.2018114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31038/jppr.2018114","url":null,"abstract":"Pharmaceutical oral dosage forms intended to children have to be administered under liquid dosage forms. These oral liquid formulations contained into multidose containers require the addition of antimicrobial agents to avoid the growth of microorganisms. Moreover, the oral administration of poorly water soluble drugs requires the use of excipients (organic solvent, cyclodextrins, surfactants, polymers) able to improve their water solubility. 2-pyrrolidone (Soluphor ® P) a co-solvent usually used to dissolve drugs for the manufacture of parenteral dosage forms and suggested also for other administration routes, showed antimicrobial activity. To study the extent of its preservative efficacy, we determined the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) first, for bacteria ( Staphylococcus aureus , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Escherichia coli , Enterococcus faecalis , Staphylococcus epidermidis , Staphylococcus capitis ) and for bacterial spores ( Bacillus cereus , Bacillus sphaericus , Bacillus subtilis ), then for yeast and mould ( Candida albicans , Aspergillus niger ). The results showed that 2-pyrrolidone has a bactericidal and fungistatic efficacy. Challenge tests were realized on oral aqueous paediatric formulations of vitamin D3 containing 2-pyrrolidone as a co-solvent and all known micro-organisms in such formulations were studied. The preservative efficacy of 2-pyrrolidone was observed at a dosage level of 75 mg/mL.","PeriodicalId":285318,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical Research","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128174565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pattern of Anti-Epileptic Drug use in Libyan Children and Their Effects on Liver Enzyme Activities 利比亚儿童抗癫痫药物使用模式及其对肝酶活性的影响

Journal of Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical Research Pub Date : 2018-08-17 DOI: 10.31038/jppr.2018113

M. Bengleil, Fathi Mohamed Sherif

{"title":"Pattern of Anti-Epileptic Drug use in Libyan Children and Their Effects on Liver Enzyme Activities","authors":"M. Bengleil, Fathi Mohamed Sherif","doi":"10.31038/jppr.2018113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31038/jppr.2018113","url":null,"abstract":"Epilepsy is one of the most common chronic neurological disease that characterized by recurrent, spontaneous brain seizures. Anti-epileptic drug is used clinically to control the epilepsy or reduce the frequency of the attacks. Liver is the primary and main organ for drug metabolism and elimination of several drugs such as anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs). Thus, drug-induced toxicity may occur. Since liver enzymes can serve as biological markers of hepatocellular injury, this study was aimed to evaluate the effect of anti-epileptic drugs used in patients treated at the Department of Neurology in Benghazi Children Hospital, on activities of liver enzymes; aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Out of 58 patients selected randomly in this study 38% of them were female with age ranged from four months to five years old. Male patients were more susceptible to the adverse effects than the female patients. Mode of therapy and age of the patient did not show any effect on the levels of enzyme changes. Sodium valproate was the frequent drug used and level of ALP of the majority of patient was elevated above the normal level. Routine screening of hepatic enzymes level during the chronic use of anti-epileptic drugs is recommended and the need for obtaining baseline liver function tests is also essential before starting anti-epileptic therapy in Libyan children.","PeriodicalId":285318,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131485811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pharmacokinetics of Acetaminophen in the Hypothalamus of Rats Based on in vivo Microdialysis 基于体内微透析的对乙酰氨基酚在大鼠下丘脑的药动学研究

Journal of Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical Research Pub Date : 2018-06-16 DOI: 10.31038/jppr.2018111

Yue Zhu, Zhang Ma, S. He, Ya-Lan Wang, Zong-yuan Hong

{"title":"Pharmacokinetics of Acetaminophen in the Hypothalamus of Rats Based on in vivo Microdialysis","authors":"Yue Zhu, Zhang Ma, S. He, Ya-Lan Wang, Zong-yuan Hong","doi":"10.31038/jppr.2018111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31038/jppr.2018111","url":null,"abstract":"To explore the studying method for pharmacokinetics in the target site of drugs, the pharmacokinetic process of acetaminophen in the hypothalamus of rats was investigated. Male Sprague-Dawleyrats were anaesthetized and secured in a stereotaxic frame. A microdialysis probe was implanted into the hypothalamus and perfused with artificial cerebrospinal fluid at a flow rate of 2 μL/min. Adaptation for 1 h, rats were administrated with acetaminophen (150 mg/kg, i.p.) and microdialysates were collected continuously at 12-min intervals for 6 h. The acetaminophen concentrations in microdialysates were determined by HPLC-Ultraviolet detection (HPLC-UV), and the concentration-time profile and pharmacokinetic parameters of acetaminophen were calculated by DAS software. The results showed that the concentration-time curve of acetaminophen in the hypothalamus of rats was fitted to a one-compartment open model. The main pharmacokinetic parameters t1/2, Tmax, Cmax and AUCinf were (1.95 ± 0.59) h, (1.26 ± 0.22) h, (11.39 ± 2.17) μg/mL and (58.04 ± 18.39) μg·h/mL, respectively. In conclusion, by means of in vivo microdialysis approach, the pharmacokinetic process of acetaminophen in the hypothalamus of rats is investigated and an experimental method for studying pharmacokinetics of drugs in the target site is established, which is simple, feasible and reliable.","PeriodicalId":285318,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130270023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Drug discovery: science and/or art? 药物发现:科学还是艺术?

Journal of Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical Research Pub Date : 2018-06-16 DOI: 10.31038/jppr.2018112

D. Liberati

引用次数: 0

Ensure Quality Assurance for Companies and Institutions 确保公司和机构的质量保证

Journal of Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical Research Pub Date : 2016-12-08 DOI: 10.4172/2167-7689.1000176

Boyd L. Summers

引用次数: 0

Process Mapping 流程映射

Journal of Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical Research Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.31038/jppr.2021413

1. C. Y. map

引用次数: 0