Journal of Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical Research最新文献

{"title":"COVID-19 and Spanish Flu Pandemics – Similarities and Differences","authors":"G. Belojević","doi":"10.31038/jppr.2020332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31038/jppr.2020332","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to analyze the similarities and differences between the COVID-19 and Spanish Flu and to predict the course of the COVID-19 pandemic. We carried out a literature search of publications in English in PubMed database with the following keywords: “COVID-19” and “Spanish Flu”. We found the following similarities between Spanish Flu and the COVID-19: the new agent, affected the whole world, similar reproductive numbers, similar case fatality rates, spreading through droplets or by touching contaminated surfaces, similar symptoms and signs, and middle-age as a dominant one among cases. The main differences are the causal agents, Spanish Flu started in the USA, while the COVID-19 started in China, currently, the number of cases and deaths was several times higher in Spanish Flu than in the COVID-19, and the incubation period is much longer in the COVID-19 (up to 28 days) than in Spanish Flu (1-2 days). Based on the experiences from Spanish Flu it may be expected that the COVID-19 pandemic may last until the end of 2021.","PeriodicalId":285318,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical Research","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115537316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Observational Study of the Effect of the Hydroxychloroquine/Azithromycin Combination in Patients Hospitalized for a Severe Form of COVID-19","authors":"Santucci Raoul, Vinzio Stéphane, Brisson Jihane, Caille Cécile, Geiger Audrey, Merheb Gabriel, Gibert Stéphanie, Xavier, Faller Anne-Laure, Muller Clotilde, Denis Julien, Cevallos Ramiro, Bouayad-Agha Karim, Couturier Franck, -. Challan, Belval Patrice, Martinez Valérie, M. Frederic","doi":"10.31038/jppr.2020322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31038/jppr.2020322","url":null,"abstract":"Following the demonstration in vitro of the efficiency of a synergistic effect of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) associated with azithromycin (AZI) against the SARS-CoV-2, some studies have aimed to evaluate its efficiency in a clinical setting. We present the results of a non-randomized observational study of patients admitted for a severe form of COVID-19 disease who have been treated by HCQ/AZI after collegial physicians’ decision. Of the 306 patients included (average age: 72.8 years), 53 received the HCQ/AZI association. Univariate analysis shows in non-survivors a higher average age, more severe clinical signs on admission (lung invasion rate> 50%, Dyspnea and creatinine>133µmol/L) and more comorbidities (cerebrovascular accident, chronic kidney disease, immunodeficiency). We evaluated the efficiency of the HCQ/AZI treatment on a population (n=96) with comparable characteristics (age, risk factor, gravity…). If mortality of the patients treated with HCQ/AZI seems different in this sub-study population (HCQ/AZI: 0% vs. Other: 8%), the methods of the study and its size do not allow the identification of a statistically significant difference (p=0.122).","PeriodicalId":285318,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical Research","volume":"104 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124679640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lopinavir-ritonavir (LPV/r) for the Treatment of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19): A Systematic Review","authors":"Zhipeng Yan, K. Shum, Ching‐lung Lai","doi":"10.31038/jppr.2020321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31038/jppr.2020321","url":null,"abstract":"Background: SARS-CoV-2 is the pathogenic agent of COVID-19, which has affected more than 200 countries; infected million people and declared a global pandemic. At the time of writing, no approved definitive therapeutic treatment for COVID-19 is available. Many studies are still on-going. Lopinavir-ritonavir (LPV/r), or its combination has been advocated as a potential treatment. This study reviews the evidence of LPV/r usage in the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: A systematic review protocol was written based on the PRISMA Statement Article for review selected from electronic databases (PubMed, Embase and Medline). Inclusion criteria were: full English articles published accessible peer-reviewed. The search keywords COVID, and SARS-CoV-2. Studies fulfilling the inclusion criteria were included, regardless of study designs. Data were extracted from published reports. Findings : As of 9 May 2020, 243 manuscripts were identified. Thirteen studies were included with a total of 494 patients. These consisted of clinical trials (n=2), case reports (n=5), case series (n=3), and retrospective cohort studies (n=3). In the thirteen studies, the use of LPV/r shortened the PCR negative-conversion time for SARS-CoV-2, the earliest as being 5 days (Range: 5 to 28 days), and clinical improvement was expected as early as 2 days (Range: 2 to 28 days). Interpretation : Our review shows that the use of LPV/r may be an effective treatment for non-severe COVID-19 patients, while only limited benefits were observed in severe COVID-19 patients.","PeriodicalId":285318,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical Research","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121609500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of L-Ornithine L-Aspartate for the prevention and Treatment of Hepatic Encephalopathy in Cirrhosis: An Update of the Evidence Base","authors":"R. Butterworth","doi":"10.31038/jppr.2019243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31038/jppr.2019243","url":null,"abstract":"The advent of well-established procedures for the determination of clinical trial quality based on risk of bias assessments has resulted insubstantial improvements in the quality of systematic reviews and meta-analyses relating to the assessment of Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) on the efficacy of treatments for a range of clinical conditions. In the current review, manual and electronic searches of databases using appropriate keywords were used to assess the evidence base for the use of L-ornithine L-aspartate (LOLA) for the prevention and treatment of Hepatic Encephalopathy (HE), a common neuropsychiatric complication of liver cirrhosis. Making use of current risk of bias techniques, seven systematic reviews with accompanying meta-analyses were identified in which the results of RCTs on the efficacy of LOLA for the treatment of HE were analyzed. A clear consensus of opinion was observed in support of the efficacy of LOLA for lowering of blood ammonia and for the concomitant improvement of mental status in patients with overt HE (OHE) and in five of the six meta-analyses in patients with minimal HE (MHE). Evidence in support of a beneficial effect of LOLA for the prevention of OHE in patients with cirrhosis was reported in a novel systematic review and meta-analysis involving the analysis of six RCTs in patients with cirrhosis and a range of clinical presentations where successful OHE prevention/prophylaxis was accompanied in all cases by significant reductions of blood ammonia. Both, intravenous and oral formulations of LOLA were found to be effective. Reduction in the progression of MHE to OHE was independently confirmed in a subsequent meta-analysis. Two systematic reviews with network meta-analyses compared the efficacy of LOLA to other available agents. Only treatment with LOLA or branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) resulted in significant improvements in mental status and LOLA was judged to be the most effective agent with respect to clinical improvement and concomitant reduction of blood ammonia. In the case of MHE, rifaximin, lactulose and LOLA were equivalent in clinical efficacy and were each superior to probiotics. LOLA was superior to lactulose or probiotics for the prevention of episodes of OHE in patients with MHE compared to placebo/no treatment; rifaximin was ineffective in this regard. databases, conference proceedings and correspondence with investigators and pharmaceutical companies yielded 22 RCTs involving 1375 patients with cirrhosis and HE or risk of development of HE for which outcome data was available. LOLA had a beneficial effect on HE compared to placebo/no intervention for all trials [RR: 0.70, 95% CI: 0.59–0.88] but evidence was judged to be very low quality leading investigators to conclude that outcomes were uncertain. However, subsequent sub-group analyses of completed RCTs and/or RCTs with findings published as full papers demonstrated significant improvements in mental state: 12 completed trials, 994 patien","PeriodicalId":285318,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical Research","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122102204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Cognitive Economics of OTC Health: A Mind Genomics Exploration","authors":"A. Gere, Ryan Zemel, Stephen D. Rappaport, Petraq Papajorgji, H. Moskowitz","doi":"10.31038/jppr.2019242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31038/jppr.2019242","url":null,"abstract":"Using the paradigms of Mind Genomics, consumers evaluated different combinations of brand, features, and performance of antacids, with the former elements combined into small, easy-to-read combinations (vignettes.) Each respondent rated a unique set of 63 vignettes on two attributes, interest in the product, and price that would be paid for a week supply of the product. The deconstruction of the vignettes into the contribution of components revealed large differences in the contribution of the components of the vignette to both interest and to price. The strongest performing elements dealt with the specific uses of the product. Price covered with interest, with some anomalies, the most striking being the high price assigned to a well-known expensive brand, (brand) Zantac, which did not perform well in terms of interest. Respondent thus ‘know’ price from their experience, and do not simply assign higher prices to elements they like. The mind-set segments were complex, showing that even with as many as four mind-sets, consumer lump together product features, and performance.","PeriodicalId":285318,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical Research","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132503928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Asymmetrical Naproxen-Conjugated Dendrimer for Targeted- Drug Delivery to Human Prostatic Adenocarcinoma Cancer Cells","authors":"Ulises Organista-Mateos, L. D. Pedro-Hernández, E. Martínez-Klimova, Sandra Cortez-Maya, T. Ramírez‐Ápan, M. Martínez-García","doi":"10.31038/jppr.2019235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31038/jppr.2019235","url":null,"abstract":"Naproxen was directly conjugated to NH 2 -terminated dendrimers by an amide bond and OH-terminated dendrimers by an ester bond. The drug-conjugated polyamidoamine dendrimers showed better cellular uptake than free naproxen. Free naproxen and conjugates in vitro cytotoxicity studies were performed in U251, PC3, K-562, HCT-15, MCF-7 and SKLU-1 cancer cells using different cytotoxicity assays. Naproxen-conjugates of first and second generation showed significant cytotoxic effects in human prostatic adenocarcinoma PC-3 and human mammary adenocarcinoma MCF-7. Moreover, the naproxen-conjugates improved cytotoxicity compared to free naproxen. The increased therapeutic efficacy was observed in specific naproxen conjugates of first generation using low doses, demonstrating that the conjugate was as potent as the antiproliferative agent cisplatin.","PeriodicalId":285318,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical Research","volume":"106 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122643042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Saying NO to Drugs: Two Mind Sets & Messaging Direction","authors":"A. Gere, Janna Kaminskaia, Martin Braun, Petraq Papajorgji, Marilyn Hudson, H. Moskowitz","doi":"10.31038/jppr.2019232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31038/jppr.2019232","url":null,"abstract":"We present a way to understand what messages may resonate with ordinary people regarding the negative effects of drugs. We identify six Questions or categories of statements, mix and match them, and present the combinations (vignettes) to ordinary respondents, over the web. The responses to the vignettes are deconstructed into the contribution of each individual element. We find clear differences by gender, age, and education, but NO patterns which lead to general knowledge. We divide the respondents by the pattern of their individual responses to the elements, which division reveals two equal size mind-sets. Mind-set 1 responds to scare tactics, facts. There is little in the way of convincing these respondents. Mind-set 2 responds to what it will to them, personally, at an emotional level. These respondents can be reached and convinced by the proper messaging.","PeriodicalId":285318,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130448569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Action of an Indolinone Derivative on Plasma Hemostasis","authors":"VV Bykov, Serebrov VYu, Ev Udut, VV Udut","doi":"10.31038/jppr.2019222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31038/jppr.2019222","url":null,"abstract":"The action of a new pharmaceutical substance of indolinone series, an sGC inducer with antiplatelet activity, on rat blood plasma hemostasis was studied. It was shown that the antiplatelet substance after single oral administration to rats considerably increases thrombin time after 3 hours (24.5 versus 17.3 in control, р <0.05). Other plasma hemostasis parameters were unchanged.","PeriodicalId":285318,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical Research","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129463223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral Drug Compounding in Pediatric Patients: a Japanese Perspective","authors":"J. Saito, Miki Akabane, Hidefumi Nakamura, Yoichi Ishikawa, A. Yamatani","doi":"10.31038/jppr.2019231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31038/jppr.2019231","url":null,"abstract":"1Department of Pharmaceuticals, National Center for Child Health and Development, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan 2Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Oral Formulation Development, Department of Clinical Research, National Center for Child Health and Development, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan 3Department of Clinical Research, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan","PeriodicalId":285318,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129967330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can One-Stage In Vitro Dissolution Using Water As Medium Represent Guaifenesin Release From Extended- Release Bilayer Tablets?","authors":"","doi":"10.31038/jppr.2019223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31038/jppr.2019223","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":285318,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical Research","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122227079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}