World Social Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Recovery from Mental Illness, Challenges, and Solutions from Across the Globe","authors":"A. Molodynski, Rajesh Mohan","doi":"10.4103/wsp.wsp_20_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/wsp.wsp_20_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":285109,"journal":{"name":"World Social Psychiatry","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126564845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Smartphone Apps for Addictive Disorders","authors":"Yasser Khazaal","doi":"10.4103/wsp.wsp_7_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/wsp.wsp_7_23","url":null,"abstract":"The use of smartphone apps for addiction treatment has become increasingly popular in recent years. These apps aim to support individuals in their recovery by providing a range of features such as digital brief intervention, assessment and normative feedback, cognitive behavioral therapy and social support networks. Some of the available apps rely on behavior changes theories. Several studies have demonstrated the potential efficacy of smartphone apps for the treatment of addictive disorders. There are also some challenges associated with the use of smartphone apps for addictive disorders such as concerns about the privacy and security of personal data as well as challenges related to drop-out rates in natural settings. Further development are also need for blended integration of such tools with the other services.","PeriodicalId":285109,"journal":{"name":"World Social Psychiatry","volume":"119 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132318438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reducing the Treatment Gap for Psychiatric Disorders – The Role of Accredited Social Health Activists in South India","authors":"Shivam Gakkhar, P. Nirisha, Gajanan Sabhahit, Patley Rahul, Nithesh Kulal, N. Harshitha, N. Manjunatha, J. Thirthalli, Naveen Kumar, A. Manjappa, Rajani Parthasarthy, P. Chand, Sanjeev Arora, Suresh Badamath","doi":"10.4103/wsp.wsp_14_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/wsp.wsp_14_23","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of mental health work carried out by accredited social health activists (ASHAs) on reduction of the “treatment gap” for severe mental disorders (SMD), common mental disorders (CMDs), and substance use disorders (SUDs) in rural communities. Methods: This study is an offshoot of a larger randomized controlled trial designed to comprehensively compare the effectiveness of two methods of training and empowering grassroots-level workers in mental health. Three primary health centers (PHCs) were selected (simple random sampling) as the study group (SG). Thirty-five ASHAs were trained and mentored (National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences-Extension of Community Health Outcomes model of skilled capacity building using digital technology) for a period of 18 months in identifying/counseling/referral of commonly prevalent mental health problems in the community. Control group (CG) PHCs' ASHAs (n = 36) received “training as usual” (i.e. 1 day in person classroom training session). Both the groups were regularly contacted by the research team to monitor for progress. Reduction in “treatment gap” was evaluated using pre–post design for SG and CG separately, and the same was compared between SG and CG. Results: A total of 35,023 adults were screened, and positives were identified, counseled, and referred for care and treatment. Treatment gap for SMDs and SUDs reduced significantly both in SG and CG (SMDs: 10% vs. 38%, respectively; P = 0.03 for both; SUDs: 51% vs. 70% respectively; P < 0.001 for both) while it increased for CMDs (13% vs. 14% P < 0.01 and 0.09, respectively). Comparatively speaking, SG fared better for SUDs (P < 0.05), and CG did better for SMDs (P < 0.05). It was unequivocal for CMDs (P = 0.48). Conclusion: ASHAs could be effectively empowered to carry out mental health work resulting in meaningful reduction of treatment gap for the priority mental illnesses including SMD and SUDs.","PeriodicalId":285109,"journal":{"name":"World Social Psychiatry","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124081740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contemporary Mental Health Rehabilitation: Keeping it Simple in a Complex World","authors":"H. Killaspy","doi":"10.4103/wsp.wsp_16_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/wsp.wsp_16_23","url":null,"abstract":"A major driver during the era of 'deinstitutionalisation' was the change in societal attitudes towards people with mental illness, away from exclusion and marginalisation towards inclusion and participation in society. More recent mental health policy has tended to focus on promotion, prevention and early intervention, with little mention of those with more complex problems. However, despite the significant investment in early intervention services, long term studies consistently show that around a quarter of people newly presenting with psychosis do not do well. Nevertheless, there is good evidence that with appropriate treatment and support from specialist mental health rehabilitation services, even people with the most severe problems can achieve, sustain and enjoy a rewarding life in the community, yet many 'deinstitutionalised' countries fail to provide rehabilitation services, placing this group at risk of neglect, exploitation and institutionalisation. Happily, this situation is beginning to change. The publication of the first National Institute of Health and Care Excellence (NICE) Clinical Guideline on Rehabilitation for People with Complex Psychosis (NICE; CG 181, 2020) represents a sea change in the recognition of the needs of those with the most severe mental health problems and provides evidence-based recommendations about the treatment and support that should be provided. Alongside this, policy makers in many countries are beginning to recognise the need to include rehabilitation services in their mental health plans. It has been a long time coming, but mental health rehabilitation services are finally being acknowledged as an essential component of the mental health system.","PeriodicalId":285109,"journal":{"name":"World Social Psychiatry","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128908284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Attachment, Family, and Social Systems: London's “Cradle to Grave” Contributions as a Model for Social Psychiatry","authors":"Vincenzo Di Nicola","doi":"10.4103/wsp.wsp_17_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/wsp.wsp_17_23","url":null,"abstract":"This article explores the parallels among postwar Britain's “cradle to grave” welfare state with its “social safety net,” especially the National Health Service, the consequent social realism and social upheaval in every sphere of the society, and the birth of the Social Psychiatry (SP) movement in London. From Bowlby's attachment theory, to the pivot from individual to relational therapies, and from research on the social origins of depression in women and Expressed Emotion in family relationships, to the hospice movement, London has uniquely served as a model for SP. There is an organic relationship among these social phenomena in a collectivist society that values “the commons” that created a social safety net, manifested by social realism in the arts reflecting a social upheaval that challenged tradition, notably the class structure of British society. The hallmark of SP is to discern governing patterns across social domains. Anthropologist Gregory Bateson sought “the pattern that connects” while sociologists and systems theorists found patterns in the structures, scripts, and systems of a society. What distinguishes SP is in perceiving these patterns, taking them seriously to re-vision how we think about determinants and influences of mental and social health, and to construct new approaches in psychiatry from research to pedagogy and clinical practice to policy-making.","PeriodicalId":285109,"journal":{"name":"World Social Psychiatry","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133913156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Dynamics of Globalization and the Effects on Mental Health: Social, Anthropological, and Phenomenological Aspects","authors":"R. Bennegadi","doi":"10.4103/wsp.wsp_12_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/wsp.wsp_12_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":285109,"journal":{"name":"World Social Psychiatry","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129904783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patient and Public Involvement in Developing and Testing Mental Health-care Interventions: Strategies and Reflections from Three Research Programs","authors":"Domenico Giacco, Agnes Chevalier, Philip Mcnamee, Nick Barber, Kamran Shafiq, Imogen Wells","doi":"10.4103/wsp.wsp_13_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/wsp.wsp_13_23","url":null,"abstract":"Patient and public involvement (PPI) is valued and widely practiced in mental health research but in different ways. We present three research programs, aiming to develop and test mental healthcare interventions and we discuss their PPI strategies and activities. In all these programs, PPI has been sought from their initial conception and design and has helped their management, intervention development processes, quantitative and qualitative evaluations, and in the assessment of PPI activities themselves. The programs focus on different groups (patients with chronic depression, patients with psychotic disorders, and carers) and develop different interventions. Comparing these programs offers the opportunity to appreciate different models of involvement. These, for example, range from training lived experience collaborators to analyze qualitative data directly to asking them to comment on findings; from involving lived experience collaborators in the design of new interventions to involving them in intervention adaptation to a particular group or circumstance; and from carrying out formal PPI evaluations to collecting informal feedback during meetings. Even in the diversity of programs and PPI activities presented, common themes could be identified in relation to: specifying (and ideally co-designing) expectations and role of contributors; making bureaucratic procedures as user-friendly as possible; appropriately choosing or blending online and offline meetings; and designing flexible and inclusive arrangements to maximize participation. Our experiences contribute to a growing evidence base that can help researchers to develop meaningful, enjoyable, and constructive collaborations with people with lived experience. These collaborations will keep clinical mental health research relevant, impactful, and tailored to patients' needs.","PeriodicalId":285109,"journal":{"name":"World Social Psychiatry","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116094334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Study on Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Persons with Preexisting Psychotic Disorder, their Coping Strategies, and Compliance with Preventive Measures","authors":"M. Sood, R. Chadda, T. Shukla, Rekha Patel, Dhriti Ratra, M. Mohan, Swaran P. Singh","doi":"10.4103/wsp.wsp_88_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/wsp.wsp_88_20","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has impacted persons with preexisting psychiatric disorders negatively. There is a lack of studies on the impact on people with preexisting psychotic disorder. Aims: We studied the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown on patients with a preexisting psychotic disorder and whether they were following the recommended preventive measures for COVID-19. We also studied coping strategies used by them and their caregivers. We compared persons with first-episode psychosis (FEP) and chronic psychotic disorders (CPD). Methodology: The study sample was a part of the National Institute of Health Research Psychosis Research Group cohort. The subjects belonged to two groups: FEP consisted of patients with the first episode of psychosis, with the duration of illness ≥3 months and ≤2 years, and CPD group consisted of patients with psychosis, with the duration of illness ≥2 years. They were interviewed telephonically on a semistructured questionnaire. Thematic analysis was done to identify coping strategies. Results: Fifty patients were interviewed: 24 in the FEP (26·12 ± 8·0 years) and 26 in the CPD group (34 ± 7.5 years). Forty-six (92%) patients reported difficulty in access to hospitals and 32 (64%) had difficulty in contacting a doctor. Eight (16%) of them reported worsening of symptoms and 12 (24%) reported irregular adherence to treatment. The two groups differed significantly on doing household chores, occupational functioning, and financial issues. The majority of them used emotion-focused coping strategies. Three-fourth (79.1%) of the patients in the FEP group were following all four recommended preventive measures, whereas, in the CPD group, three-fourths (73.1%) were able to follow only one measure. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic had impacted FEP and CPD groups differently. CPD group could follow recommended preventive measures less frequently than FEP.","PeriodicalId":285109,"journal":{"name":"World Social Psychiatry","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129542131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mental Health Care for Cancer Patients in Portugal – Implementation of a Psycho-Oncology Multidisciplinary Project","authors":"I. Donas-Boto, Sara Teixeira, M. Urzal","doi":"10.4103/wsp.wsp_75_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/wsp.wsp_75_21","url":null,"abstract":"Psycho-oncology is an interdisciplinary field that addresses the two major psychological dimensions of cancer: the psychological responses of patients to cancer at all stages of the disease, and that of their families and caretakers, and the psychological, behavioral, and social factors that may influence the disease process. It contributes to the clinical care of patients and families, to the training of staff in psychological management, and to the collaborative research that ranges from the behavioral issues in cancer prevention to the management of psychiatric disorders and the psychosocial problems during the continuum of the cancer illness, including end-of-life care.[1] There is scientific evidence of the benefits of providing psychosocial cancer care as part of standard care in reducing distress and psychosocial morbidity associated with cancer and in fostering a better quality of life during and after treatment, and eventually in increasing survival.[2] Because of the undeniably growing prevalence of cancer, its relationship with emotional distress and psychiatric comorbidity, and its impact on the quality of life of oncologic patients, their families, and health professionals, the need for mental health services for cancer patients is real and urgent. With this essay, the authors intend to present a brief narrative review of the scope and aims of psycho-oncology, clinical practice guidelines for the psychosocial care of cancer patients, and the authors' experience in the implementation of a multidisciplinary project of a psycho-oncology consultation in a central hospital, in Lisbon, Portugal.","PeriodicalId":285109,"journal":{"name":"World Social Psychiatry","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129494338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Community-Based Mental Health Services in Bangladesh: Prospects and Challenges","authors":"M. Faruk","doi":"10.4103/wsp.wsp_7_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/wsp.wsp_7_22","url":null,"abstract":"Estimates inform that mental health problems are on the rise across the globe including in Bangladesh. To reduce the global disease burden caused by mental health disorders, community-based mental health care has gained significant consideration worldwide alongside conventional approaches to treat mental health disorders. In the face of growing mental health problems, limited resources, and centralized mental health facilities, Bangladesh – a low- and middle-income country – has prospects in ensuring mental health care through the implementation of community-based mental health services across the country. This article discusses the opportunities and challenges in implementing community-based mental health services in Bangladesh.","PeriodicalId":285109,"journal":{"name":"World Social Psychiatry","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125523706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}