Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy最新文献

{"title":"Present Status of Clinical Teaching in Bachelor of Dental Surgery Course of Bangladesh","authors":"Faruque, H. K. Talukder, K. Alam","doi":"10.3329/BJA.V8I2.7021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/BJA.V8I2.7021","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To explore present status of clinical teaching in Bachelor of Dental Surgery course of Bangladesh. Methods: This study was conducted from July 2007 to June 2008 upon conveniently selected teachers (n=49) of clinical departments and students of 3rd year (n=83) and 4th year (n=111) of two government and two private dental institutes of Bachelor of Dental Surgery course. Data were collected using one semistructured self-administered questionnaires. Result: It was found that most of the clinical classes are conducted by lecturers, assistant professors. These classes were held mostly in morning which extended occasionally up to afternoon. Majority of teachers followed the curriculum to conduct clinical classes. They agreed that the students are benefited through these clinical classes and they learn how to examine a patient and take patients’ history and other clinical skills. They informed that inadequate number of teachers and patients are important barriers for clinical teaching. They suggested that clinical classes should be taken by the senior teachers and sufficient materials and instruments should be available for this purpose. It was also proposed that sufficient number of patients and increased number of teachers should be ensured. Discussion and recommendations: The barriers should be minimized and necessary actions should be taken as per suggestions given the teachers and students. Key words: Clinical teaching learning; Bedside teaching learning; Bachelor of Dental Surgery Course Bangladesh. DOI: 10.3329/bja.v8i2.7021 Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy July 2010, Vol. 8 No. 2 pp. 76-80","PeriodicalId":284932,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy","volume":"117 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122845492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Weight and Volume of Whole Thyroid Gland In Bangladeshi People: A Postmortem Study","authors":"Fakhrul Amin Mohammad Hasanul Banna, Z. Sultana, M. Khalil, Seheli Zannat, Sultana, Sheikh Muhammad Abu Bakar, A. Quddus, Fashiur Rahman","doi":"10.3329/BJA.V8I2.7020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/BJA.V8I2.7020","url":null,"abstract":"Context: The thyroid is a brownish red, highly vascular earliest endocrine glandular structure appears in mammal. The size of thyroid gland varies considerably with age, sex, physiologic state, race and geographical location. It is larger and heavier in females than in males, and it hypertrophies during menstruation and pregnancy. So this study is to carry out the macroscopic architecture of thyroid gland of different age groups in Bangladeshi people to establish a normal standard. Study design: Descriptive cross-sectional study. Place and period of study: Department of Anatomy, Sylhet M. A. G. Osmani Medical College, Sylhet, from July 2006 to June 2007. Materials: The study was carried out on 43 autopsied human thyroid glands aged 5 to 65 years. Thyroid glands were collected from unclaimed dead bodies autopsied in morgue of Sylhet M. A. G. Osmani Medical College, Sylhet. Methods: The collected specimens were divided into age group A (20 years and below), group B (21 to 50 years) and group C (above 50 years). All specimens were examined morphologically by fine dissection method. Result: The mean weight and volume of the thyroid gland was 13.27 ± 5.82 gm and 11.62 ± 4.76 ml respectively which are significant (p<0.01). Conclusion: From observation and results it reached conclusion that evidenced by weight and volume, the size and glandular structure gradually increase with age up to adolescence, remain stable in young and middle aged adult then slowly decline in old age. The present study will help to increase the information pool on the anatomy of thyroid gland of Bangladeshi people. To establish a normal standard for Bangladeshi people, further studies with large samples from different zones including goitre endemic zones of the country are suggested. Keywords: weight, volume, thyroid gland, postmortem. DOI: 10.3329/bja.v8i2.7020 Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy July 2010, Vol. 8 No. 2 pp. 72-75","PeriodicalId":284932,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126947312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histological Study on the Diameter of the Acini of the Human Prostate Gland – A Postmortem Study","authors":"R. Ahmed, S. Ara, A. S. M. Nurunnabi, S. Mahbub, A. Alim, S. Shahriah","doi":"10.3329/BJA.V8I2.7015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/BJA.V8I2.7015","url":null,"abstract":"Context: Pathological process in the prostate gland occurs commonly in association with aging and includes inflammation, atrophy, hyperplasia and carcinoma. Detailed histologic knowledge will help urologists and pathologists to adopt appropriate plan for diagnosis and treatment of prostatic disease. Study design: Descriptive type of study. Place and period of study: Department of Anatomy, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka from August 2006 to June 2007. Materials: 70 post mortem human prostate glands were collected from unclaimed dead bodies that were under examination in the morgue of Department of Forensic Medicine, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka. Method: The samples were divided into three age groups i.e. group A (10-20 years), group B (21-40 years), group C (41-70 years). Histological study was carried out on relatively 29 fresh samples. Result: The mean ±SD diameter of acini in central zone was 0.29±0.04 mm in group A, 0.40±0.04 mm in group B and 0.43±0.09 mm in group C and the mean±SD diameter of acini in peripheral zone was 0.22±0.02 mm in group A, 0.26±0.05 mm in group B and 0.30±0.06 mm in group C. Statistically significant positive correlation (P<0.001) was found between age and the diameter of acini of the prostate gland. Conclusion: There was change in diameter of prostatic acini in relation to age. Key words: Prostate; histology; acini; diameter. DOI: 10.3329/bja.v8i2.7015 Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy July 2010, Vol. 8 No. 2 pp. 52-55","PeriodicalId":284932,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132334513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Maternal Preeclampsia on the Weight of the Placenta","authors":"S. Kishwara, A. S. M. Nurunnabi, M. Begum, K. A. Rayhan, S. Ara","doi":"10.3329/BJA.V8I2.7019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/BJA.V8I2.7019","url":null,"abstract":"Context: Preeclampsia is a relatively common pregnancy disorder that is related to the placenta and causes variable maternal and foetal problems. Alterations in placental weight are evident in moderate to severe maternal preeclampsia. Study design: Cross-sectional descriptive type. Place and period of study: Department of Anatomy, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka from August 2005 to June 2006. Materials & Methods: 60 human placentae from Bangladeshi women were collected from the Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology of Dhaka Medical College Hospital and Mitford Hospital, Dhaka of which 30 from normal uncomplicated pregnancies (control group or group A) and another 30 from pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia (preeclampsia group or group B), where the patients were normotensive previously. Results: The mean weight of the placenta was 406.90±72.64 gm in control group (group A) and 311.50±74.09 gm in preeclampsia group (group B) respectively. The mean difference in weight between two groups was statistically significant (P< 0.001). Conclusion: Placental weight was found reduced in maternal preeclampsia in comparison to that of normal pregnancy. Key words: weight of placenta; preeclampsia. DOI: 10.3329/bja.v8i2.7019 Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy July 2010, Vol. 8 No. 2 pp. 69-71","PeriodicalId":284932,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130062552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age Related Changes in Weight of the Thymus Gland of Bangladeshi People","authors":"Meherunnessa Begum, U. Paul, J. Alam","doi":"10.3329/BJA.V8I1.6101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/BJA.V8I1.6101","url":null,"abstract":"Context: Thymus is intimately related to the immuno regulatory mechanism of the body, its weight in general as well as at different age in a particular population might also be related to the overall immune status of that population. Thus the knowledge of the weight of the thymus at different ages may be helpful in planning of the medical and surgical treatment of thymus related problem as well as dealing patients from immunologic aspects Objective: To measure the age related changes in weight of the thymus gland of Bangladeshi people Study design: A descriptive type of study Place and period of study: The study was carried out in the Department of Anatomy, IPGMR Dhaka from October 1996 to March 1997. Materials: 40 (forty) thymuses from Bangladeshi cadaver of either sex were taken for this study. Method: The collected samples were divided into four age groups ranged from still born to sixty years old individuals and comparative studies were done between different age groups. Result: The thymuses increased significantly in weight steadily through the increasing age groups from the still born babies to <16yrs and then declines through the age still higher. Conclusion: In the present study the weight of the thymus increases through the increasing age groups and then declined. Key words: Thymus; Weight DOI: 10.3329/bja.v8i1.6101 Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy January 2010, Vol. 8 No. 1 pp. 10-12","PeriodicalId":284932,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy","volume":"199 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124466161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus on Gross Morphological Structure of Preterm Placenta","authors":"F. Akhter, M. L. A. Banu, R. Ferdausi","doi":"10.3329/BJA.V8I1.6107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/BJA.V8I1.6107","url":null,"abstract":"Context: Preterm birth is the major cause of perinatal mortality and morbidity. For the last few decades, it has become an important issue in public health policies of developing countries. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the high-risk factors for the preterm birth and altered fetal development. This pregnancy induced disorder leads to an increased level of all metabolic substances to the fetal circulation due to development of maternal insulin resistance. It imposes a heavy burden on the mother who is pregnant and these patients have a tendency toward metabolic instability. As there is an intimate relationship between the fetus and placenta, the present study aimed to observe the effect of this pregnancy induced disorder to the preterm placenta. Study design: The study was observational, analytical and cross sectional. Place and period of study: The study was carried out in the Department of Anatomy, BSMMU, Dhaka during the study period of January 2005 to December 2005. Materials and Methods: A total of forty-four samples were collected from women during 28 weeks to 36 completed weeks of gestation. Among them, twenty-two samples belonged to mothers having GDM and twenty-two belonged to normal pregnancy (control group). The placentas were examined to measure their diameter, thickness, cotyledons number, weight, and volume. Result: In this study, the GDM group showed significantly higher values for the variables of diameter, weight and volume. On the other hand, the thickness of the placenta showed lower values and cotyledons number showed higher values in GDM group but the result did not reach a significant level. Conclusion: The findings in this study supported that the gross morphological structure of the placentas in GDM mother did not present any specific, constant or uniform pattern of abnormality. Therefore, it is difficult to establish a clear cut correlation between the placental changes and diabetic state in the mother during pregnancy. However, increased placental weight, volume and diameter found in gestational diabetic mother have supported that these changes may be a long term compensatory mechanism, aiming to secure a sufficient nutrient supply to support the growth of large-for-gestational age (LGA) fetus. But the hormonal and metabolic abnormalities present in the diabetic mother and the fetus are important variables to be considered when studying the placenta. Key words: Preterm Placenta; GDM; Gross morphology. DOI: 10.3329/bja.v8i1.6107 Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy January 2010, Vol. 8 No. 1 pp. 34-38","PeriodicalId":284932,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy","volume":"285 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113972350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological Study on Age Related Changes of Prostate","authors":"R. Ahmed, S. Ara, M. Begum, S. Kishwara, K. A. Rayhan, S. Mahbub, T. Begum","doi":"10.3329/BJA.V7I2.6085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/BJA.V7I2.6085","url":null,"abstract":"Context: Prostate related clinical conditions such as prostatic benign hyperplasia and carcinoma prostate are major medical conditions within aging population. Detailed morphological knowledge is essential for proper diagnosis and management of prostatic disease. Study design: Descriptive type of study. Place and Period of study: Department of Anatomy, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka from August 2006 to June 2007. Materials: Present study was performed on 70 post mortem human prostate. The samples were collected from unclaimed dead bodies that were under examination in the Morgue of Department of Forensic Medicine of Dhaka Medical College, Method: The samples were divided into three age group; Group A (10-20 years), Group B (21-40 years), Group C (41-70 years). All samples were studied morphologically. Result: Statistically significant positive correlation was found between age and weight, length, transverse diameter, antero-posterior diameter of prostate. Conclusion: There were changes in the morphology of prostate in relation to age. Keywords: Prostate; morphology. DOI: 10.3329/bja.v7i2.6085 Bangladesh J. Anat. 2009; 7(2) : 68-72","PeriodicalId":284932,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132908535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stature Estimation Using Head Measurements in Bangladeshi Garo Adult Females","authors":"Z. Akhter, J. Begum, M. L. A. Banu, Mahbubul Alam, S. Hossain, N. F. Amin, M. Uddin, Q. S. Yasmin","doi":"10.3329/BJA.V7I2.6096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/BJA.V7I2.6096","url":null,"abstract":"Context: Stature is the height of the person in the upright posture. It is an important measure of physical identity. Interrelationships among different body measurements may be used to estimate one from another in case of missing body parts. As any part of the human skeleton can be found as the evidences, there arise a need to investigate whether there is any possible significant correlation between stature and any parts in human body. Garos, our study subject living in Bangladesh are usually recognized as an ethnic community, they have a separate identity and their physical appearance is distinctive to some extent. The present study was conducted with the intention to establish ethnic specific anthropometric data for the Bangladeshi Garo tribal populations and also to determine whether there is any correlation between the measured values of the stature and the physically measured cranial variables, to estimate (using respective multiplication factor) the stature from the physically derived cranial measurements and to assess the effectiveness of such estimation. Study design: The study was an observational, cross-sectional and descriptive in nature with some analytical components. Study settings and study period: The study was carried out in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, during the session of January to December 2008. Selections of the subjects: A total number of one hundred Garo female subjects were included from Dhaka city and Mymensingh district. Methods: Cranial dimension such as head circumference, head length and stature were measured using a measuring tape, spreading caliper, steel plate and steel tape. Results: Head circumference showed significant positive correlation with stature but head length did not reach statistically significant level with stature. No significant difference was found between the ‘measured' and ‘estimated' stature for head circumference and head length. Key words: Anthropometry; stature; correlation; head circumference; head length DOI: 10.3329/bja.v7i2.6096 Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy July 2009, Vol. 7 No. 2 pp. 101-104","PeriodicalId":284932,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130667478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"History of Research Ethics","authors":"S. Ara","doi":"10.3329/BJA.V8I1.6099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/BJA.V8I1.6099","url":null,"abstract":"DOI: 10.3329/bja.v8i1.6099 Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy January 2010, Vol. 8 No. 1 pp. 1-3","PeriodicalId":284932,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128756418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of Stature From Hand Length and Breadth – An Anthropometric Study on Christian Garo tribal Bangladeshi females","authors":"S. Hossain, J. Begum, M. L. A. Banu, Fashiur Rahman, Z. Akhter","doi":"10.3329/BJA.V8I1.6105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/BJA.V8I1.6105","url":null,"abstract":"Context: Body physique is influenced to a greater extent by climatic, hereditary, nutritional and racial factors. Since in Bangladesh variegated ethnic groups inhabit in different conditions, no single anthropometric formula is suitable. The stature prediction occupies relatively a central position in the anthropometric research. And estimation of stature of an individual from the mutilated or amputated limbs has obvious significance in the personal identification in the events of murders, accidents or natural disasters. The present study was undertaken to measure the stature, as well as some length and breadth of hand and to determine whether there is any correlation between the stature and the hand variables. And to estimate using respective multiplication factors the stature from these variables and to assess the effectiveness of the above estimations by comparing the ‘estimated' values with the ‘measured' values. Methods: The study was carried out with a total number of 100 Christian Garo adult females aged between 25 to 45 years. Hand length and breadth along with their stature were measured directly from the subjects by using anthropometric sliding, spreading calipers and measuring tape. The data were then statistically analyzed by computation to find out its normative value. Multiplication factors were estimated for estimating stature and comparison were made between measured and estimated stature using paired \"t\" test. Result: The mean normal values of the hand measurements (right and left hand length were 16.39 ± 0.72 cm and 16.33 ± 0.67 cm respectively and breadth of right and left hand were 7.22 ± 0.38 cm and 7.18 ± 0.3 cm respectively) and the stature (152.79 ± 5.62 cm) were found. The multiplication factors were estimated for the same hand measurements with the stature. Significant positive correlation was found in case of hand length with the stature. There was positive correlation (r=0.17, p=0.09 and r=0.15, p=0.12) between the stature and breadth of the right and left hand (Figure 3.21) but the result did not reach any statistically significant level. Key words: Anthropology; correlation; multiplication factor; stature DOI: 10.3329/bja.v8i1.6105 Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy January 2010, Vol. 8 No. 1 pp. 21-27","PeriodicalId":284932,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131205807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}