Journal of Respiration最新文献_第6页

Nicotine in E-Cigarettes Dysregulates Pulmonary Inflammation and MMP-12 Expression without Effecting Respiratory Syncytial Virus Virulence 电子烟中的尼古丁在不影响呼吸道合胞病毒毒力的情况下调节肺部炎症和MMP-12的表达

Journal of Respiration Pub Date : 2021-01-14 DOI: 10.3390/JOR1010006

H. Goldenberg, B. Perez Gandara, J. Perez Perez, A. Bramante, R. Foronjy, A. Dabo, E. Eden, J. Sznitman, P. Geraghty

{"title":"Nicotine in E-Cigarettes Dysregulates Pulmonary Inflammation and MMP-12 Expression without Effecting Respiratory Syncytial Virus Virulence","authors":"H. Goldenberg, B. Perez Gandara, J. Perez Perez, A. Bramante, R. Foronjy, A. Dabo, E. Eden, J. Sznitman, P. Geraghty","doi":"10.3390/JOR1010006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/JOR1010006","url":null,"abstract":"The safety of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) is a major topic of discussion. The key goals of this study were to examine the contents of e-cigarette vapor and determine if nicotine altered inflammatory responses against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection. E-cigarette vapor was passed through a hollow 3D-model of an adult lung, and gas chromatography detected over 50 compounds passed through the 3D model, including nicotine, propylene glycol (PG), ethanol, methanol, and diacetyl. The murine alveolar macrophage cell line MH-S cells were exposed to nicotine and e-cigarette vapor with and without nicotine. Nicotine significantly induced the expression of matrix metalloprotease (Mmp) 12 and reduced expression of Ifnβ and Tnfα. To examine the role of nicotine in lung defense against RSV infection, A/J mice were exposed to PBS, e-cigarette vapor with and without nicotine for 2 months before RSV infection. E-cigarette vapor did not influence RSV infection-induced animal weight loss, RSV infectivity, airway hyperresponsiveness during methacholine challenge, or immune cell infiltration into the lungs. However, e-cigarette vapor containing nicotine enhanced obstruction and induced secretion of MMP12 and reduced levels of Ifnβ and TNFα. In conclusion, nicotine in vaping products modulates immune responses that may impact the lungs during a respiratory infection.","PeriodicalId":284235,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Respiration","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131449869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein and Lung Vascular Cells SARS-CoV-2刺突蛋白与肺血管细胞

Journal of Respiration Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.3390/jor1010004

S. Suresh, Yuichiro J. Suzuki

引用次数: 10

Tau Protein in Lung Smooth Muscle Cells 肺平滑肌细胞中的Tau蛋白

Journal of Respiration Pub Date : 2020-11-29 DOI: 10.3390/jor1010003

N. Shults, S. Seeherman, N. Sariipek, V. Rybka, L. Marcocci, S. Gychka, Y. F. Ibrahim, Yuichiro J. Suzuki

{"title":"Tau Protein in Lung Smooth Muscle Cells","authors":"N. Shults, S. Seeherman, N. Sariipek, V. Rybka, L. Marcocci, S. Gychka, Y. F. Ibrahim, Yuichiro J. Suzuki","doi":"10.3390/jor1010003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jor1010003","url":null,"abstract":"Tau, a microtubule-associated protein, plays a critical role in the pathophysiology of neurons. However, whether tau protein is expressed in smooth muscle cells is unknown. Thus, we tested the hypothesis that tau protein is expressed in the primary cultures of smooth muscle cells. Here, we report that tau protein is expressed and constitutively phosphorylated at threonine 181 in various smooth muscle cell types, including human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells, bronchial airway smooth muscle cells, and cerebral artery smooth muscle cells. Immunofluorescence staining revealed that phosphorylated tau at threonine 181 is more organized in the cell than is total tau protein. A protein phosphatase inhibitor, calyculin A, induced the formation of higher molecular weight species of phosphorylated tau, as visualized by Western blotting, indicating the occurrence of tau aggregation. Immunofluorescence analysis also showed that calyculin A caused the aggregation of phosphorylated tau and disrupted the cytoskeletal organization. These results demonstrate the existence of tau protein in smooth muscle cells, and that smooth muscle tau is susceptible to protein phosphorylation and aggregation. Lung smooth muscle tau may therefore play an important role in pulmonary pathophysiology.","PeriodicalId":284235,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Respiration","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117063423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Observations of, and Insights into, Cystic Fibrosis Mucus Heterogeneity in the Pre-Modulator Era: Sputum Characteristics, DNA and Glycoprotein Content, and Solubilization Time 前调节剂时代囊性纤维化黏液异质性的观察和见解:痰特征、DNA和糖蛋白含量以及溶解时间

Journal of Respiration Pub Date : 2020-11-21 DOI: 10.3390/jor1010002

D. Chance, T. Mawhinney

{"title":"Observations of, and Insights into, Cystic Fibrosis Mucus Heterogeneity in the Pre-Modulator Era: Sputum Characteristics, DNA and Glycoprotein Content, and Solubilization Time","authors":"D. Chance, T. Mawhinney","doi":"10.3390/jor1010002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jor1010002","url":null,"abstract":"Airway obstruction with chronic inflammation and infection are major contributors to the lung damage and mortality of cystic fibrosis (CF). A better understanding of the congested milieu of CF airways will aid in improving therapeutic strategies. This article retrospectively reports our observations, and discusses insights gained in the handling and analysis of CF sputa. CF and non-CF mucus samples were surveyed for morphological features by electron microscopy and analyzed for the macromolecular dry weight (MDW), total protein, lipid, carbohydrate, and DNA. Mucus character was investigated with chemical solubilization time as a comparative tool. CF mucus appeared distinctly thick, viscous, and heterogeneous, with neutrophils as the dominant immune cell. CF sputum DNA content varied markedly for and between individuals (~1–10% MDW), as did solubilization times (~1–20 h). CF Sputum DNA up to 7.1% MDW correlated positively with solubilization time, whereas DNA >7.1% MDW correlated negatively. 3D analysis of CF sputa DNA, GP, and solubilization times revealed a dynamic and predictive relationship. Reflecting on the heterogeneous content and character of CF mucus, and the possible interplay in space and time in the respiratory tract of polymeric DNA and mucous glycoproteins, we highlight it’s potential to affect infection-related airway pathologies and the success of therapeutic interventions.","PeriodicalId":284235,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Respiration","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123435620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Evaluation of a Meta-Analysis of Ambient Air Quality as a Risk Factor for Asthma Exacerbation 环境空气质量作为哮喘加重危险因素的荟萃分析评价

Journal of Respiration Pub Date : 2020-10-16 DOI: 10.3390/jor1030017

W. Kindzierski, Stanley Young, Terry Meyer, J. Dunn

{"title":"Evaluation of a Meta-Analysis of Ambient Air Quality as a Risk Factor for Asthma Exacerbation","authors":"W. Kindzierski, Stanley Young, Terry Meyer, J. Dunn","doi":"10.3390/jor1030017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jor1030017","url":null,"abstract":"Background: An irreproducibility crisis currently afflicts a wide range of scientific disciplines, including public health and biomedical science. A study was undertaken to assess the reliability of a meta-analysis examining whether air quality components (carbon monoxide, particulate matter 10 µm and 2.5 µm (PM10 and PM2.5), sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide and ozone) are risk factors for asthma exacerbation. Methods: The number of statistical tests and models were counted in 17 randomly selected base papers from 87 used in the meta-analysis. Confidence intervals from all 87 base papers were converted to p-values. p-value plots for each air component were constructed to evaluate the effect heterogeneity of the p-values. Results: The number of statistical tests possible in the 17 selected base papers was large, median = 15,360 (interquartile range = 1536–40,960), in comparison to results presented. Each p-value plot showed a two-component mixture with small p-values < 0.001 while other p-values appeared random (p-values > 0.05). Given potentially large numbers of statistical tests conducted in the 17 selected base papers, p-hacking cannot be ruled out as explanations for small p-values. Conclusions: Our interpretation of the meta-analysis is that random p-values indicating null associations are more plausible and the meta-analysis is unlikely to replicate in the absence of bias.","PeriodicalId":284235,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Respiration","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132138620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

The Therapeutic Effect of Extracellular Vesicles on Asthma in Pre-Clinical Models: A Systematic Review Protocol 细胞外囊泡对哮喘临床前模型的治疗作用:一项系统评价方案

Journal of Respiration Pub Date : 2020-07-16 DOI: 10.20944/preprints202007.0349.v1

Patience O. Obi, J. Kent, M. Jeyaraman, N. Askin, T. M. Pierdoná, A. Halayko, A. Saleem

{"title":"The Therapeutic Effect of Extracellular Vesicles on Asthma in Pre-Clinical Models: A Systematic Review Protocol","authors":"Patience O. Obi, J. Kent, M. Jeyaraman, N. Askin, T. M. Pierdoná, A. Halayko, A. Saleem","doi":"10.20944/preprints202007.0349.v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202007.0349.v1","url":null,"abstract":"Asthma is the most common pediatric disease, characterized by chronic airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness. There are several management options for asthma, but no specific treatment. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are powerful cellular mediators of endocrine, autocrine and paracrine signalling, and can modulate biophysiological function in vitro and in vivo. A thorough investigation of therapeutic effects of EVs in asthma has not been conducted. Therefore, this systematic review is designed to synthesize recent literature on the therapeutic effects of EVs on physiological and biological outcomes of asthma in pre-clinical studies. An electronic search of Web of Science, EMBASE, MEDLINE, and Scopus will be conducted on manuscripts published in the last five years that adhere to standardized guidelines for EV research. Grey literature will also be included. Two reviewers will independently screen the selected studies for title and abstract, and full text based on the eligibility criteria. Data will be extracted, narratively synthesized and reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. This systematic review will summarize the current knowledge from preclinical studies investigating the therapeutic effects of EVs on asthma. The results will delineate whether EVs can mitigate biological hallmarks of asthma, and if so, describe the underlying mechanisms involved in the process. This insight is crucial for identifying key pathways that can be targeted to alleviate the burden of asthma. The data will also reveal the origin, dosage and biophysical characteristics of beneficial EVs. Overall, our results will provide a scaffold for future intervention and translational studies on asthma treatment.","PeriodicalId":284235,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Respiration","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117083073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Self-Reported Improvement for Chronic Rhinosinusitis Major Symptoms in Patients Treated with Omalizumab 自我报告的慢性鼻窦炎主要症状在奥玛单抗治疗患者中的改善

Journal of Respiration Pub Date : 2020-07-08 DOI: 10.3390/jor1010001

S. Kilty, C. Best, S. Santucci, A. Lasso, William H. Yang

{"title":"Self-Reported Improvement for Chronic Rhinosinusitis Major Symptoms in Patients Treated with Omalizumab","authors":"S. Kilty, C. Best, S. Santucci, A. Lasso, William H. Yang","doi":"10.3390/jor1010001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jor1010001","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To evaluate the clinical effect of omalizumab therapy on the symptoms of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Methods: This cross-sectional study evaluated CRS major symptom improvement in patients with CRS on omalizumab therapy and patients who met omalizumab therapy indications, but could not access coverage for omalizumab. Changes in overall chronic rhinosinusitis symptom burden and each of the major symptoms of CRS were rated on a 10 cm visual analogue scale (VAS). The Mann–Whitney test was used to compare the symptom improvement between groups. Results: Omalizumab therapy provided a mean overall symptom improvement of 69.5% (individual symptom improvement: facial pain 78.5%, nasal obstruction 69.8%, rhinorrhea 56.2%, and olfaction 55.8%). For the control group, mean overall symptom improvement since omalizumab screening was 16.8% (individual symptom improvement: rhinorrhea 16.4%, nasal obstruction 15.3%, no improvement in facial pain or olfaction). Overall, and for each major symptom, improvement was significantly greater for omalizumab treated patients (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Omalizumab treatment provided significant improvement in every major clinical symptom of CRS in the treated cohort of patients with recalcitrant CRS, in comparison to the control cohort. A well-designed randomized clinical trial is needed to further assess the efficacy and safety of omalizumab treatment for CRS.","PeriodicalId":284235,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Respiration","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122457831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0