{"title":"Organizational Credit Facilities for Microfinance Entrepreneurs: An Indian Context","authors":"G. Yoganandham, Jayendira P. Sankar","doi":"10.47059/rr.v7i1.2401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47059/rr.v7i1.2401","url":null,"abstract":"Microfinance has risen significantly as a tool for assisting entrepreneurs from under-represented and disadvantaged groups in obtaining start-up capital. Credit, savings, insurance, remittances, and guarantees are all examples of financial services. The study's objective is to analyze the institutional credit facilities available to microcredit entrepreneurs in the Vellore district of Tamil Nadu. The primary data was gathered through the use of a standardized questionnaire. A suitable random sample of 220 microcredit entrepreneurs from the blocks was chosen. The Chi-square test, weighted average score, and percentages were employed to derive relevant conclusions from the study. Microcredit can have an economic impact by boosting an individual's income, lowering unemployment, elevating the standard of living, and promoting economic development. Furthermore, responders require guidance on using public, private, and natural resources and services. As a result, microcredit is insufficient in empowering the respondents in the research region, but it is one of the most significant elements in that process, together with non-credit factors.","PeriodicalId":281881,"journal":{"name":"Remittances Review","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132614344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Remittances and trade balance: A new transfer problem","authors":"Ram Hari Regmi","doi":"10.33182/rr.v7i1.2166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33182/rr.v7i1.2166","url":null,"abstract":"Remittances are an important inflow of funds in many developing economies. These remittances relate to the classic 'transfer problem' and hence likely affect the exchange rate. In this paper, I find that remittances have a significant negative impact on trade balances and that the driving force is the exchange rate. Additionally, I find that remittance has a positive impact on trade openness, and hence decrease in the trade balance is because the growth rate of imports is higher than the growth rate of exports.","PeriodicalId":281881,"journal":{"name":"Remittances Review","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127537406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An Analysis of the Macroeconomic Determinants of Peruvian Remittances","authors":"Germán A. Zárate-Hoyos","doi":"10.33182/rr.v7i1.1911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33182/rr.v7i1.1911","url":null,"abstract":"This paper evaluates the impact of several macroeconomic variables on the Peruvian remittances flow, as well as the existence of cointegration between them, during the period 1992 – 2017. To do so, the United States was chosen as the host country for the Peruvian migrants and the paper used quarterly data, American and Peruvian variables and a vector of error correction (VEC). Among the main results, evidence of co-integrated variables was confirmed, a structural break was found, and the impact of some macroeconomic determinants corroborate the predominance of the self-interest effect over the altruist one in the Peruvian migrants’ behavior.","PeriodicalId":281881,"journal":{"name":"Remittances Review","volume":"256 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132576667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Remittance and financial development in Africa: A multidimensional analysis","authors":"T. Ojeyinka, F. Ajide","doi":"10.33182/rr.v7i1.1639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33182/rr.v7i1.1639","url":null,"abstract":"Previous studies on the nexus between remittances and financial system development are less informative due to their failure to investigate how remittance inflows affect different aspects of the financial sector in Africa. In the study, we re-investigate the impact of the remittances on the African financial system in twenty-seven (27) countries for 1980-2017 using the Augmented Mean Group (AGM) estimating technique. The results show that remittance does not have any significant impact on different dimensions of financial development in Africa. This finding is robust to alternative estimating techniques. This implies that remittance inflow is not a major driver of financial development in African countries. The outcomes of this study show that it is important to go beyond the use of conventional measures of financial development and focus more on multidimensional aspects of the sector such as access and efficiency of both the financial institutions and financial markets. It is also worth noting that remittance inflows in African regions are under-documented due to the high level of the shadow economy. The study suggests that the African government should formulate policies encouraging African migrants to pass through formal channels when remitting for the benefits of the financial sector and the economy in general. The policy should also encourage remittance savings and their utilisation in the African productive sector. ","PeriodicalId":281881,"journal":{"name":"Remittances Review","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129423758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Manipulating Remittances: Strengthening Autocratic Regimes with Currency Overvaluation and Remittance Flows","authors":"C. Culver","doi":"10.33182/rr.v7i1.2153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33182/rr.v7i1.2153","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates the link between remittances and autocratic regime stability. It challenges the prevailing assumption that remittances cannot be directly captured as a source of hard capital by states. It proposes that remittances increase regime durability by incentivizing and enabling currency overvaluation and seigniorage revenue generation in autocratic states that produce non-freely convertible currencies. It uses cross-national time-series data from autocratic regimes in Sub-Saharan African countries from 1975-2015 to test this theory. The analysis shows that remittances increase autocratic regime durability in countries that have monopoly control over domestic currency production.","PeriodicalId":281881,"journal":{"name":"Remittances Review","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115568754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Impact of Covid-19 pandemic on Remittance Inflow-Economic Growth Nexus in India: Lessons from an Asymmetric Analysis","authors":"K. Makun, TK Jayaraman","doi":"10.33182/rr.v7i1.1480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33182/rr.v7i1.1480","url":null,"abstract":"The relentless spread of the Covid-19 pandemic from the first quarter of 2020 and the emergence of new variants since early 2021 have caused a steep decline in economic activities in all countries. The forecast by international agencies including World Bank is that remittances (REM) on a global scale would decline by 20 percent in 2021; and to South Asia in particular would decrease by 25 percent. India, a low-middle-income country, which has been among the top ten REM recipient countries, is expected to be adversely affected much more. This study examines the asymmetric effects of REM on India’s per capita GDP by using a nonlinear methodology. Additionally, factors like ICT and the financial sector are considered in an extended version of the remittance-growth relationship. The study findings reveal that the impact of the negative partial sum of decomposition of REM is higher than the impact of positive partial sum decomposition of REM, implying a greater adverse effect of declining remittances on per capita GDP growth. The findings are expected to be of substantial importance in designing appropriate policies that affect economic growth through the interaction of remittances with ICT, and financial markets.","PeriodicalId":281881,"journal":{"name":"Remittances Review","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124964385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"“Hacemos trabajar el dinero” (We Make the Money Work): Power among Ecuadorian migrant women in England who maintain transnational remittance management relations","authors":"Shirley Velasquez-Hoque","doi":"10.33182/RR.V6I2.1656","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33182/RR.V6I2.1656","url":null,"abstract":"This study positions itself within the mixed results of remittances for migrant women’s empowerment, exploring the power dynamics of an under-researched diaspora - Ecuadorian migrant women in England who engage in transnational Remittance Management Relations (RMRs). Two contributions are made. First, embracing the Gender Geographies of Power framework, this paper argues that power needs to be conceptualised as a dynamic and multidimensional process, giving prominence to the various expressions, realms, and forms of power within these RMRs, dimensions which have not been previously emphasised in this framework. Second, findings suggest that remittances can have positive power implications for migrant women who engage in RMRs as they convert remittances into different forms of power (capital), gain various forms of power (including empowerment), and decision-making capabilities. However, RMRs are not always free of conflict. The mismanagement of remittances and/or the abuse of implementation power by remittance managers, can result in the loss of economic power for women remitters, and in changes to their remittance practices.","PeriodicalId":281881,"journal":{"name":"Remittances Review","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133648427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Remittance Inflows and Adoption of Agricultural Technology: Evidence from Ethiopia","authors":"Mesele Belay Zegeye","doi":"10.33182/RR.V6I2.1495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33182/RR.V6I2.1495","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the effect of remittance on agricultural technology adoption in rural Ethiopia using cross-sectional data from the Ethiopian Socioeconomic Survey collected in 2015/16. To estimate the effect of remittance on the adoption of agricultural technology, this study employs probit regression, IV Probit, and 2SLS methods. Data for analysis is obtained from 2316 sample households drawn from regions of Tigray, Amhara, Oromia, and south nation nationalities and peoples. The results show that the effect of remittances on agricultural technology adoption is negative and significant. The results also show that the education level of the household head, Tropical livestock unit, extension visit, credit access, and land ownership right has positive effects on agricultural technology adoption; and distance to market, zonal town, and plot have a negative effect on the probability of adoption. Therefore, policy measures aim to enhance the skills of migrants and enabling them to channel remittances to productivity-enhancing agricultural capital and inputs might help improve productivity.","PeriodicalId":281881,"journal":{"name":"Remittances Review","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127103373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Wages in the Manufacturing Sector and Remittances Outflows from High-Income Countries","authors":"S. Gnangnon","doi":"10.33182/RR.V6I2.1659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33182/RR.V6I2.1659","url":null,"abstract":"This paper has investigated the effect of wages in the manufacturing sector on remittances outflows from High-Income Countries (HICs). The main theoretical hypothesis of the analysis is that changes in the wages in the manufacturing sector in HICs would affect wages in other sectors of the economy, and hence the amounts of remittances sent by migrants residing in these countries. The study has been performed on a set of 47 HICs, of which 22 old-industrialized countries, and uses both the fixed effects approach as well as the Least Squares Dummy Variables Corrected (LSDVC) estimator. Results have suggested for the full sample, that an increase in the real wages in the manufacturing sector is associated with higher remittances outflows. Interestingly, the magnitude of this positive effect is higher for remittances sent from old-industrialized countries than for remittances sent from other HICs. Moreover, the analysis has revealed that the magnitude of the positive remittances outflows effect of wages in the manufacturing sector increases as this sector expands, that is, as manufacturing export values increase. An important implication of the analysis is that by lowering wages both in the manufacturing sector and in other sectors of the economy, the shrinking of the manufacturing sector in HICs is likely to reduce the income of migrants residing in these countries and consequently lead to lower remittances outflows. The decline in the remittances outflows would severely affect the ability of receiving countries (i.e., developing countries) to tap on this important source of financial flows to finance their development.","PeriodicalId":281881,"journal":{"name":"Remittances Review","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130248796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of Youths Remittances on Rural Livelihoods in South Eastern Nigeria","authors":"E. Alleluyanatha, L. Treasure","doi":"10.33182/RR.V6I2.1581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33182/RR.V6I2.1581","url":null,"abstract":"This study evaluated the effect of remittances on crop productivity and household welfare in Southeastern, Nigeria. Anambra and Imo states were purposively selected for their high rate in youth migration; and 714 households were used for the study. Data was analyzed using Endogenous treatment effect model. Wealth Index Score was used as a proxy for household welfare. The results of the study showed that employment status, sex of migrant, and age of migrant, sending remittance for buying of agricultural implements as well as paying for school were the major factors that influenced sending of remittances by the youths to the originating households in the study area. Also, the average treatment effect (ATE) of remittances on household welfare was insignificant, implying that there was no significant difference between remittance and non-remittance households. However, the ATE of remittances on crop productivity was significant in the pooled states but not significant in the states. Youths should be encouraged to move into agriculture by removing the bottlenecks associated to agricultural production.","PeriodicalId":281881,"journal":{"name":"Remittances Review","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125435011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}