PERSONALITY IN A CHANGING WORLD: HEALTH, ADAPTATION, DEVELOPMENT最新文献

{"title":"GENERAL CATEGORIES OF SHAME: ONTOGENESIS, EARLY RELATIONSHIPS, CONSEQUENCES","authors":"N. S. Naumchuk","doi":"10.23888/humj202311121-34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23888/humj202311121-34","url":null,"abstract":"article presents an overview of theoretical and empirical concepts of shame that exist in science and psychological practice. The material includes references to key domestic researches of the second half of 20th century, researches of psychophysiology and social psychology. Biological perspectives on shame, starting with the paper of Ch. Darwin, as well as a phylogenetic response of shame in the infant are reviewed. Psychoanalytic views are the most widely covered. Shame is first used in a title of a publication in 1942 and thereafter appears there only 17 times until 1971. Then the paper on the distinction between shame and guilt emerges. The author provides a vignette depicting their differences. According to the sources on general psychology, psychoanalysis and dictionaries, a set of criteria defining shame is collected and analyzed. An ontogenetic sequence of shame appearance in the individual's life in the theories of S. Freud and E. Erikson is demonstrated. Localization of shame in the structural model is expanded, a number of authors place it between Ego and Ego-Ideal. Also the analysis of the Greek myth is presented as an illustration. Having explored the shame characteristics in different theories, an attempt is made to group shame by attributes including stimulus of occurrence; duration of influence; period of manifestation in ontogenesis; degree of personality coverage on depth and breadth. The following general categories are allocated as a result of the analysis: External–Internal; State–Chronic (trait); Primary–Secondary; Intensity–Extensiveness. They imply complementary ‘and/or’ characteristics in order to create a volumetric portrait of shame and personality.","PeriodicalId":281689,"journal":{"name":"PERSONALITY IN A CHANGING WORLD: HEALTH, ADAPTATION, DEVELOPMENT","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128622776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TO SOLVING THE PROBLEM OF SAFETY IN THE APPLICATION OF SELF-REGULATION PRACTICES","authors":"A. V. Khaikin","doi":"10.23888/humj202311199-109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23888/humj202311199-109","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":281689,"journal":{"name":"PERSONALITY IN A CHANGING WORLD: HEALTH, ADAPTATION, DEVELOPMENT","volume":"264 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121152931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC PROJECT ‘RESEARCH LABORATORY’: FROM THE EXPERIENCE OF IMPLEMENTATION","authors":"А. М. Rousetskaya, М. Kalinina","doi":"10.23888/humj202311183-98","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23888/humj202311183-98","url":null,"abstract":"Carries out comprehensive research in the field of national family traditions and diverse aspects of the life of the modern family. The holistic nature of the laboratory's research activities is ensured by conducting research by students of pedagogical and medical specialties from the Republic of Belarus, People's Republic of China, of the Russian Federation","PeriodicalId":281689,"journal":{"name":"PERSONALITY IN A CHANGING WORLD: HEALTH, ADAPTATION, DEVELOPMENT","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125304406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE GENESIS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL RESILIENCE: NATURE vs NURTURE","authors":"A. Faustova","doi":"10.23888/humj20231117-20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23888/humj20231117-20","url":null,"abstract":"The influence of psychological resilience inherent in an individual on psychological well-being becomes apparent in extreme and crisis situations. The quality of coping and the speed of recovery after experienced psychological trauma are considered as criterial indicators. Against the background of a large number of theoretical and empirical studies of the structure and components of psychological resilience, the scientific problem of the formation and development of this phenomenon in ontogenesis becomes obvious. To date, the study of the genesis of psychological resilience occurs simultaneously within two paradigms – the natural sciences and the humanities. Polymorphisms of the SLC6A4, SLC6A3, DRD2, DRD4, COMT, CRHR1, NPY genes and their corresponding manifestations of the ‘resilient phenotype’ have been identified and described. Innate and adaptive immunity can have a significant impact on how cognitive processing of incoming stress-related information occurs, which determines the formation of an appropriate response. On the part of the central nervous system, the genesis of psychological resilience is mainly determined by the functioning of the brain pathways. The psychological prerequisites for the formation and development of psychological resilience are optimism and positive emotional states, perceived control and perceived social support. The genesis of psychological resilience occurs at different levels: molecular-cellular, anatomical-morphological, physiological, individual-psychological and socio-psychological. Despite significant progress, questions remain about the proportionality of the contribution of each of the prerequisites to the ‘resilient phenotype’ and about the mechanisms of their mutual influence.","PeriodicalId":281689,"journal":{"name":"PERSONALITY IN A CHANGING WORLD: HEALTH, ADAPTATION, DEVELOPMENT","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132301094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PROFESSIONAL SKILLS AND PROFILE OF A SPECIALIST IN THE FIELD OF MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY (LITERATURE REVIEW)","authors":"O. Evdokimova, V. V. Biryukov, E. P. Kotelevets","doi":"10.23888/humj202311159-71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23888/humj202311159-71","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses the profile and professional skills of a specialist in the field of medical microbiology. The recent trend towards the centralization of microbiological laboratories in order to increase the level of funding, equipment, increase the range of studies performed and to standardize all stages of laboratory diagnostics (preanalytical, analytical and postanalytical) requires a revision of the qualification requirements for medical personnel. The authors raise the issue of a professional standard in the field of medical microbiology and analyze changes in the professional tasks of a medical microbiologist from the period of approval of the first curriculum in medical microbiology to the current stage in the development of laboratory diagnostics of infectious diseases. The basic competencies, obligatory knowledge and skills of a specialist in the field of medical microbiology are discussed, these are necessary for the implementation of job functions in the field of high-technological research methods using the genome of pathogens and microbial communities. The profile of a specialist is considered in terms of interaction with doctors of other specialties for the effective decision of medical problems in antimicrobial therapy and the prevention of infectious diseases. The search for literature sources was carried out using the Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, GlobalHealth, CyberLeninka, and RSCI databases. The study showed that the professional skills of a medical microbiologist should be evaluated together with the specialist’s personal characteristics, which become necessary for graduates’ successful certification in higher medical educational institutions","PeriodicalId":281689,"journal":{"name":"PERSONALITY IN A CHANGING WORLD: HEALTH, ADAPTATION, DEVELOPMENT","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123601679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"APPEARANCE IN THE STRUCTURE OF VALUE ORIENTATIONS OF YOUNG PEOPLE WHO ARE CONCERNED ABOUT IT OR SATISFIED WITH IT","authors":"E.V. Kapitanova","doi":"10.23888/humj2022104383-393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23888/humj2022104383-393","url":null,"abstract":"The paper considers attractive appearance as a value in the structure of value orientations of young people who are either concerned about their appearance or satisfied with it. It contains an overview of research on the subject. The author points out that, despite the growing interest in the problem of young people’s concern about their appearance, there is a lack of empirical studies that see appearance as a significant value for the young. The paper provides an analysis of studies that apply a value approach, considering an attractive appearance as a predictor of success in various spheres of life, which is especially important at the stage of growing up, when negative assessment of one’s appearance by others can provoke heavy feelings and disadaptation. It presents the results of a research aimed at the analysis of the structure of value orientations, including the value of attractive appearance among young people. The tested hypothesis assumed that the structure of value orientations may vary and contain a value of an attractive appearance when studied in young people who are concerned about their appearance or satisfied with it. The results showed a significant correlation between the value of an attractive appearance and the indicators of the students’ concern about it. Significant differences were found in the structure of value orientations of young people concerned about their appearance and those satisfied with it.","PeriodicalId":281689,"journal":{"name":"PERSONALITY IN A CHANGING WORLD: HEALTH, ADAPTATION, DEVELOPMENT","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124894583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL SUPPORT FOR STUDENTS WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS","authors":"M. I. Razzhivina","doi":"10.23888/humj2022104417-422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23888/humj2022104417-422","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":281689,"journal":{"name":"PERSONALITY IN A CHANGING WORLD: HEALTH, ADAPTATION, DEVELOPMENT","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129096792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SPECIAL CHEMICAL ABILITIES IN THE PROCESS OF ADAPTATION TO UNIVERSITY LEARNING ACTIVITIES OF JUNIOR MEDICAL STUDENTS","authors":"A. Varlamov","doi":"10.23888/humj2022104355-370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23888/humj2022104355-370","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyzes the relationship between special chemical abilities and actual academic performance. The problem of students’ adaptation to studying at the medical university is considered. Subjective self-evaluative components of adaptation associated with the general emotional discomfort of students during their undergraduate studies are well investigated in modern scientific literature. At the same time, objective criteria of student success in the learning process, special abilities, rarely act as a subject of research in this context. It is special abilities that act as prerequisites for a student's success in mastering the material and high academic performance. The given research presents the data of an empirical study of the level of development of special chemical abilities in 2nd year students of the medical faculty of the Ryazan State Medical University and their relationship with actual academic performance and self-assessment components of adaptation – satisfaction with one’s success and interest in the learning process. It has been established that developed chemical abilities have a statistically pronounced relationship with a high level of student satisfaction with their academic success, as well as with high academic performance. The conclusion is made about the high importance of the development of chemical abilities in the medical students’ adaptation to studying at a university.","PeriodicalId":281689,"journal":{"name":"PERSONALITY IN A CHANGING WORLD: HEALTH, ADAPTATION, DEVELOPMENT","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124075182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RESULTS OF THE IX INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF STUDENTS AND YOUNG SCIENTISTS “PSYCHOLOGY AND MEDICINE: WAYS TO SEARCH THE OPTIMUM INTERACTION” AND THE INTERNATIONAL STUDENT OLYMPIAD IN CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY “PSYCHOLOGY AND MEDICINE – 2022”","authors":"A. M. Lesin, N. Ulanova","doi":"10.23888/humj2022104423-431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23888/humj2022104423-431","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":281689,"journal":{"name":"PERSONALITY IN A CHANGING WORLD: HEALTH, ADAPTATION, DEVELOPMENT","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131505543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE ROLE OF THE CORONAVIRUS DANGER PERCEPTIONS IN MEDIATING RESPIRATORY FUNCTION DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC","authors":"E. Pervichko, O. Mitina, O. Stepanova, Y. E. Konyukhovskaya, I. Shishkova","doi":"10.23888/humj2022104313-328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23888/humj2022104313-328","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study is to prove the conditionality of dysfunctional breathing (DB) that occurs during the COVID-19 pandemic by the severity of the experienced psychological distress, indicating the mediating role of ideas about the coronavirus and the pandemic in this process. The methodological complex of the study included: (1) The author’s socio-demographic questionnaire (Pervichko, et al., 2020); (2) The questionnaire “Perceptions of the COVID-19 pandemic” (Pervichko, et al., 2020); (3) the Nijmegen questionnaire (NQ) to assess the presence of signs of DB (Van Dixhoorn, Duivenvoordent, 1985; Pervichko, et al., 2022); (4) “Perceived Stress Scale-10” (Ababkov, et al., 2016; Cohen, Kamarck, Mermelstein, 1983); (5) State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (Spielberger, et al., 1983; Khanin, 1976; Leonova, 2013). Empirical data was collected online from April 27, 2020 to December 31, 2020. The sample consisted of 1,362 respondents who consider themselves not infected with COVID-19 at the time of filling out the questionnaire, living in all regions of Russia (average age 38.3±11.4 years). Using the structural modeling method, it was proved that the variable “Psychological distress” significantly affects the variable “Dysfunctional breathing”, both directly and indirectly, being mediated by two of the three components of the ideas about the danger of coronavirus identified by us: the variables “Threat to life” and “Fear of an unknown disease (+) / awareness of the disease (-)”. It was shown that the magnitude of the direct influence of emotional distress on the formation of dysfunctional breathing symptoms is more than nine times greater than the magnitude of its indirect influence (0.494 and 0.060, respectively). The study substantiates that the determinative effect of emotional distress on the occurrence and intensification of dysfunctional breathing symptoms, mediated by perceptions of the danger of coronavirus, is possible due to the appearance of such a psychological formation as the subjective pattern of the disease, which in the case of the analysis of a new coronavirus infection has a certain specificity.","PeriodicalId":281689,"journal":{"name":"PERSONALITY IN A CHANGING WORLD: HEALTH, ADAPTATION, DEVELOPMENT","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131225275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}