{"title":"Rational Expectations and Rational Learning","authors":"L. Blume, D. Easley","doi":"10.1017/CBO9780511551840.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511551840.005","url":null,"abstract":"We provide an overview of the methods of analysis and results obtained, and, most important, an assessment of the success of rational learning dynamics in tying down limit beliefs and limit behavior. We illustrate the features common to rational or Bayesian learning in single agent, game theoretic and equilibrium frameworks. We show that rational learing is possible in each of these environments. The issue is not in whether rational learning can occur, but in what results it produces. If we assume a natural complex parameterization of the choice environment all we know is the rational learner believes that his posteriors will converge somewhere with prior probability one. Alternatively, if we, the modelers, assume the simple parameterization of the choice environment that is necessary to obtain positive results we are closing our models in the ad hoc fashion that rational learning was inroduced to avoid. We believe that a partial resolution of this conundrum is to pay more attention to how learning interacts with other dynamic forces. We show that in a simple economy, the forces of market selection can yield convergence to rational expectations equilibria even without every agent behaving as a rational learner.","PeriodicalId":280771,"journal":{"name":"Game Theory and Information","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114967005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multiple-Object Auctions with Budget Constrained Bidders","authors":"J. Benoît, Vijay B. Krishna","doi":"10.1111/1467-937X.00164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-937X.00164","url":null,"abstract":"A seller with two objects faces a group of bidders who are subject to budget constraints. The objects have common values to all bidders, but need not be identical and may be either complements or substitutes. In a simple complete information setting we show: (1) if the objects are sold by means of a sequence of open ascending auctions, then it is always optimal to sell the more valuable object first; (2) the sequential auction yields more revenue than the simultaneous ascending auction used recently by the FCC if the discrepancy in the values is large, or if there are significant complementarities; (3) a hybrid simultaneous- sequential form is revenue superior to the sequential auction; and (4) budget constraints arise endogenously.","PeriodicalId":280771,"journal":{"name":"Game Theory and Information","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117006234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Approximations In Dynamic Zero-Sum Games","authors":"M. Tidball, E. Altman","doi":"10.1137/s036301299325534x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1137/s036301299325534x","url":null,"abstract":"We develop a unifying approach for approximating a ``limit\" zero-sum game by a sequence of approximating games. We discuss both the convergence of the values and the convergence of optimal (or ``almost\" optimal) strategies. Moreover, based on optimal policies for the limit game, we construct policies which are almost optimal for the approximating games. We then apply the general framework to state approximations of stochastic games, to convergence of finite horizon problems to infinite horizon problems, to convergence in the discount factor and in the immediate reward.","PeriodicalId":280771,"journal":{"name":"Game Theory and Information","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121492880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A MARKOV GAME APPROACH FOR OPTIMAL ROUTING INTO A QUEUEING NETWORK","authors":"E. Altman","doi":"10.1007/978-1-4612-1592-9_9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-1592-9_9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":280771,"journal":{"name":"Game Theory and Information","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116422804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Foundations of Strategic Equilibrium","authors":"J. Hillas, E. Kohlberg","doi":"10.1016/s1574-0005(02)03005-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1574-0005(02)03005-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":280771,"journal":{"name":"Game Theory and Information","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123746554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}