Icelandic Journal of Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Starfsumhverfi og helstu aðferðir íslenskra verkefnastjóra","authors":"H. Ingason, Jón Grétarsson","doi":"10.33112/ije.30.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33112/ije.30.2","url":null,"abstract":"Í rannsókn þessari er leitast við að bregða ljósi á starfsumhverfi verkefnastjóra á Íslandi auk þess að skapa yfirlit yfir helstu aðferðir sem verkefnastjórar á Íslandi nota. Gagna var aflað með því að senda út könnun á stóran hóp fólks sem hlotið hefur alþjóðlega vottun í verkefnastjórnun á vegum Verkefnastjórnunarfélags Íslands. Í ljós kom að flestir þeirra starfa hjá fyrirtækjum sem teljast stór á íslenskan mælikvarða og þeir stýra verkefnum sem eru á annað hundrað milljónir að fjárhagslegu umfangi og taka að jafnaði ár eða styttri tíma. Ennfremur kemur í ljós að umboð þessara verkefnastjóra til ákvarðana í þeim verkefnum sem þeir stjórna er takmarkað. Umboð karlkyns verkefnastjóra er þó sterkara en umboð kvenkyns verkefnastjóra, starfsreynsla þeirra er lengri og fjárhagslegt umfang verkefna sem þeir stýra er meira. Algengustu aðferðir verkefnastjórans samkvæmt þessari könnun eru verk- og tímaáætlun, kostnaðaráætlun, ræsfundur, áhættugreining, verklýsing, formleg lúkning verkefnis og þarfagreining. Dæmi um aðferðir sem þátttakendur telja að myndu hafa jákvæð áhrif á niðurstöðu verkefnis ef notkun á þeim væri aukin eru skýr afmörkun og umfang verkefnis, samskiptaáætlun og skipurit, kostnaðaráætlanir, mannleg samskipta- og leiðtogahæfni, hluttekning og virk hlustun, þarfagreining, hagsmunaaðilagreining, verk- og tímaáætlunarhugbúnaður og ýmis verkefnastjórnunarkerfi. Litlar breytingar hafa orðið á þessari upptalningu frá sambærilegri könnun árið 2012.","PeriodicalId":280722,"journal":{"name":"Icelandic Journal of Engineering","volume":"114 35","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141125584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Life Cycle Assessment of Icelandic-Type Berm Breakwater","authors":"Elísabet Sunna Gunnarsdóttir, Majid Eskafi, Sigurður Sigurðarson, Kjartan Elíasson, Pétur Ingi Sveinbjörnsson","doi":"10.33112/ije.30.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33112/ije.30.1","url":null,"abstract":"Með vaxandi nauðsyn til takast á við loftslagsbreytingar og draga úr umhverfisáhrifum frá byggingu mannvirkja er mikilvægt að rannsaka og innleiða umhverfisvænni kosti. Þessi rannsókn fjallar um að meta kolefnisspor frá byggingu brimvarnargarða. Rannsóknin skoðar samanburð á kolefnisspori frá byggingu íslenska bermugarðsins og hefðbundins brimvarnargarðs (ConRMB) með steyptum einingum með ýtarlegri lífsferilsgreiningu. Lífsferilsgreiningunni er skipt niður í nokkra hluta: öflun/framleiðsla á byggingarefnum, flutningur á byggingarstað og samsetning á byggingarstað.\u0000\u0000Íslenskur bermugarður býður upp á hönnun sem nýtir náttúrulegt berg sem gefur tækifæri til að draga verulega úr hnatthlýnunarmætti frá byggingu brimvarnargarða.\u0000\u0000Niðurstöður rannsóknarinnar leiða í ljós að íslenskur bermugarður hefur þó nokkra kosti fram yfir ConRMB þegar kemur að kolefnisspori byggingar brimvarnargarðs í Straumsvíkurshöfn á Íslandi. Umfram allt er íslenski bermugaðurinn með verulega lægri hnatthlýnunarmátt samanborið við hefðbundinn brimvarnargarð. Sú innsýn sem fæst með þessari rannsókn veitir mikilvægar upplýsingar fyrir ákvarðanatöku hagsmunaaðila.\u0000\u0000\u0000With the growing urgency to address climate change and reduce the environmental impacts of construction, there is an increasing necessity to explore and implement environmentally friendly solutions. This study focuses on evaluating the Carbon Footprint (CF) associated with the construction of breakwaters. The study compares the CF of Icelandic-type berm breakwater (IceBB) and concrete armor unit conventional rubble mound berm breakwater (ConRMB) through a comprehensive Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). The LCA analysis encompasses various stages, including procurement/production of raw materials, transport to site, and construction on site. IceBB offers a design that utilizes natural rock which reduces the Global Warming Potential (GWP) associated with breakwater construction.\u0000The findings of the study indicate several advantages of IceBB over ConRMB in terms of its CF for the case study of the Straumsvik port in Iceland. Above all, IceBB has a significantly lower GWP compared to ConRMB.\u0000The insights gained from this study provide valuable information for stakeholders involved in coastal projects.","PeriodicalId":280722,"journal":{"name":"Icelandic Journal of Engineering","volume":"336 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140781040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frammistöðumat á umfangsmiklum nemendateymum","authors":"Rúnar Unnþórsson, Guðmundur V. Oddsson","doi":"10.33112/ije.26.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33112/ije.26.3","url":null,"abstract":"A methodology has been developed aimed at helping teachers to evaluate the performance of extensive student teams in engineering courses. The paper demonstrates the methodology with a case study. The case is a project course that has been taught at the University of Iceland for 10 years. In the course, students design a one-seater electric race car, build it and compete in it at foreign competitions. The aim of the course each year is the same - to improve the last design. The students' performance - judged on the points received in the competitions - has been nearly the same all these years. Attempts by teachers to help the students to improve their performance have not been successful. The results show that by applying the methodology developed by the authors, teachers can get a good overview of the factors that affect students' performance and gain a good understanding of what possibly hinders progress. The methodology is a powerful tool that is easy to use to systematically analyse student performance and identify problems. The user must evaluate each factor and give a rating with arguments. This systematic approach provides a good understanding of the workings of the team, it helps to see where the problems lie and helps to decide which aspects need to be examined further. Although the methodology has been designed to evaluate student teams, all indications are that it could be useful for evaluating the performance of other teams – e.g. in industry.","PeriodicalId":280722,"journal":{"name":"Icelandic Journal of Engineering","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126455590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sjálfakandi ökutæki á Íslandi: Viðhorf almennings gagnvart nýjum ferðamáta","authors":"Arnór B. Elvarsson, Haraldur Sigþórsson","doi":"10.33112/ije.26.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33112/ije.26.2","url":null,"abstract":"Automated vehicles (AVs) are sometimes considered a silver bullet for contemporary transport problems. For particular scenarios, the technology is believed to have many advantages, such as improving the accessibility of underserved populations. However, the technology may also lead to lesser consequences under other scenarios, with some simulations predicting increase in congestion as the modal split shifts towards automation. In any case, the mode choice shift will not be realised without the public acceptence of AVs.\u0000\u0000The public opinion towards the technology has not been fully explored, and particularly not in Iceland. This article focuses on the Icelandic results of a cross-national survey. 561 valid responses were recorded, considering attitudinal and stated-mode-choice questions and the responses then analysed as per the sample‘s socio-demographic attributes and compared to a similar survey performed in other european countries.\u0000\u0000The Icelandic public is generally more positive towards automated vehicles than other Europeans, however still skeptical. At the same time as AV passengers feel more safe than vulnerable road users in the vicinity of an AV, AV passengers also feel more safe with an AV supervisor inside the vehicle. It is uncertain whether people will use the vehicles for pick-up and drop-off of children. Respondents are generally more positive that their goods be transported in AVs instead of people. In spite of this, 70% of respondents were positive that the technology be tried in their neighborhood and 60% of respondents are positive towards trying the vehicles themselves. Further research is suggested in the outlook of the articles, based on indices and further metrics.","PeriodicalId":280722,"journal":{"name":"Icelandic Journal of Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125738813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ísland í dag - Nærri tveimur áratugum síðar","authors":"Ólafur Hjálmarsson, Ásta Logadóttir, Kristinn Alexandersson, Jóhann Björn Jóhannsson","doi":"10.33112/ije.26.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33112/ije.26.1","url":null,"abstract":"„Hvað felur verkfræðiráðgjöf í byggingareðlisfræði mannvirkja í sér og hvernig getur hún bætt hönnun?\u0000\u0000Á undanförnum árum hefur umræða á Íslandi um rakaskemmdir og myglu í mannvirkjum færst í aukana. Fréttir af himinháum fjárhæðum sem varið er í viðgerðir og viðhald vegna þessa gætu útskýrt þessa vitundarvakningu sem og að fólk er meira meðvitað um slæm heilsufarsleg áhrif myglu. Talið er að fólk í Íslandi verji um 90% af tíma sínum innandyra og er flestum því ljóst mikilvægi þess að búa við fullnægjandi innivist og loftgæði í híbýlum sínu. Þörfin fyrir vatns- og rakaheld hús er því aðkallandi hér á landi.\"","PeriodicalId":280722,"journal":{"name":"Icelandic Journal of Engineering","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125581008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vendikennsla bætir árangur nemenda á lokaprófi í fyrsta árs verkfræðinámskeiði","authors":"Guðmundur V. Oddsson, Rúnar Unnþórsson","doi":"10.33112/ije.25.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33112/ije.25.6","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to evaluate what is needed to improve students' understanding of the material taught in a first-year engineering course. Two flipped classroom methods were compared to traditional teaching method – based on lectures. The comparison was based on the students' achievements in the written final exam and student satisfaction with the course based on the annual teaching evaluation. The flipped classroom took place in 2015 and 2016, and the results were compared with a baseline for 10-year traditional teaching set in another study.","PeriodicalId":280722,"journal":{"name":"Icelandic Journal of Engineering","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130491059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Áhrif loftlagsbreytinga á vatnsveitur og vatnsgæði á Íslandi – áhættuþættir og aðgerðir","authors":"María J. Gunnarsdóttir, S. M. Garðarsson, Hrund Ólöf Andradóttir, Alfreð Schiöth","doi":"10.33112/ije.25.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33112/ije.25.5","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change is expected to have impact on water supply and drinking water quality in Iceland. Foremost there are three influential weather-related factors; increase in temperature; rise in sea level; and seasonal and regional change in precipitation in both quantity and intensity. In this study international and local reports and articles were analyzed for expected impact on the water resource with emphasis on the northern and the arctic region. Water quality risk factors were analyzed based on surveillance data of the water supplies from the Local Competent Authorities. Preliminary risk assessment of landslides and flooding was performed in one surveillance area in northern Iceland.","PeriodicalId":280722,"journal":{"name":"Icelandic Journal of Engineering","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125601124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Evolution of Project Management in Iceland: The Path to a Profession - Paper 1 of 3","authors":"H. Ingason, Þórður Víkingur Friðgeirsson, H. Jónasson","doi":"10.33112/ije.25.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33112/ije.25.2","url":null,"abstract":"The birth of project management as discipline during the mid 20th century was not the birth of a profession, but rather an important enhancement of planning techniques to tackle temporary and timelimited endeavors. Project management has since evolved and matured to be currently recognized as an important international profession with unique accredited procedures, international standards, best practice references and theoretical platforms. Iceland is an interesting example of how the path to a profession is paved in a developed Western society. Entrepreneurs channeled international development into business-driven projects, and the academia followed the suit. Iceland currently has a thriving forum for project management as a professional discipline. This development is arguably best displayed by some impressive educational programs that were developed by path-finding consultants, within universities and post-graduate study lines, and in the increasing demand for professional project managers in most areas of public and private sectors. However, it is also noteworthy that in one specific domain Iceland is atypical among countries often seen as international benchmarks, e.g. Norway, the UK and Sweden, and that is the fractional public project governance framework, which might also explain why the Icelandic Project Management Association has not yet fully actualized its full potential as a professional leader for project management in Iceland.","PeriodicalId":280722,"journal":{"name":"Icelandic Journal of Engineering","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124520028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Project Management in Iceland: Current and Future Importance of Project Management within the Icelandic Economy - Paper 2 of 3","authors":"Þórður Víkingur Friðgeirsson, H. Ingason, H. Jónasson","doi":"10.33112/ije.25.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33112/ije.25.3","url":null,"abstract":"The project management profession has evolved from being a simple technical approach to planning to becoming a full-fledged profession that plays an essential role within the global economy. This paper, which is the second of three under the general heading Project management in Iceland, looks at the importance of project management within Icelandic organizations and the Icelandic economy. The paper explores the developmental path of the project management profession, looks at the current state of affairs, and identifies possible future trends though two surveys conducted Iceland. This study reveals the importance of project management in Iceland, a developed Nordic country, as a proportion of its economy. The study indicates that close to one third of the Gross Value Added (GVA) in the Icelandic economy is based on project-related work. The study, furthermore, indicates that the importance and application of project management will increase in the near future. This sends a clear message to both industry and the public sector on what kind of strategic and tactical alignments and what kind of professional competences are needed for future economy and society. Furthermore, the study describes - and deploys - two methods that can be used to measure the importance and trends within the project management profession and as indicators of what has been named “projectification\" of society.","PeriodicalId":280722,"journal":{"name":"Icelandic Journal of Engineering","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133584125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Project Management in Iceland and Beyond: Expected Future Trends for Project Management and the Project Management Profession - Paper 3 of 3","authors":"H. Ingason, Þórður Víkingur Friðgeirsson, H. Jónasson","doi":"10.33112/ije.25.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33112/ije.25.4","url":null,"abstract":"In this third paper under the heading Project management in Iceland, future trends in the project management and within the project management profession are investigated and benchmarked against recent research in Germany on the same topic. Fourteen interrelated future trends were identified but neither prioritized nor relatively weighted. To detect the most important future trends of project management in Iceland, a two-round Delphi survey was arranged to rank them according to significance. The four most important future trends are: (1) Project-oriented organizations; (2) Project management being acknowledged and discussed in corporate boardrooms; (3) Increased complexity and how this affects projects, and (4) Professionalization of project management. An expert focus group was established to elaborate on these future trends.","PeriodicalId":280722,"journal":{"name":"Icelandic Journal of Engineering","volume":"93 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114204825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}