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Plant Morphology最新文献

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A brief introductory guide to the ultrastructural analyses of plant tissues by using high-pressure freezing techniques 简要介绍利用高压冷冻技术对植物组织进行超微结构分析
Plant Morphology Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5685/PLMORPHOL.25.15
I. Karahara, Y. Mineyuki
{"title":"A brief introductory guide to the ultrastructural analyses of plant tissues by using high-pressure freezing techniques","authors":"I. Karahara, Y. Mineyuki","doi":"10.5685/PLMORPHOL.25.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5685/PLMORPHOL.25.15","url":null,"abstract":"Summary: High-pressure freezing techniques have been developed in recent decades, and have proven to be immensely powerful for ultrastructural analyses of plant tissues. An increasing number of researchers and students of plant biology are interested in these techniques, and several different types of high-pressure freezing machine are available. The aim of this mini review is to provide the minimum basic knowledge for researchers who intend to freeze plant tissues by using high-pressure freezing techniques.","PeriodicalId":279979,"journal":{"name":"Plant Morphology","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114570950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Pseudohyphal growth induced by exposure of yeast cells to subinhibitory levels of antifungal azoles in Candida tropicalis. 热带假丝酵母细胞暴露于亚抑制水平的抗真菌唑诱导的假菌丝生长。
Plant Morphology Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5685/PLMORPHOL.13.2
Takahito Suzuki, S. Iwaguchi, T. Kamihara
{"title":"Pseudohyphal growth induced by exposure of yeast cells to subinhibitory levels of antifungal azoles in Candida tropicalis.","authors":"Takahito Suzuki, S. Iwaguchi, T. Kamihara","doi":"10.5685/PLMORPHOL.13.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5685/PLMORPHOL.13.2","url":null,"abstract":"Summary: The azole class of compounds kills fungal cells through an inhibition of ergosterol biosynthesis resulting in malfunction and breakdown of cell membranes. Subinhibitory levels of these compounds were found bringing about a transition from yeast form to pseudohyphal one in Candida tropicalis, as well as ethanol reported previously. The other classes of inhibitors for ergosterol biosynthesis, terbinafine and amorolfin, also caused the transition. These findings implicated the function of ergosterol for filamentous growth. Although depolarized cell growth was observed to precede filamentation during the process of ethanol-induced pseudohyphal formation in this organism, no distinct depolarization was found to occur during the process induced by these antifungal compounds.","PeriodicalId":279979,"journal":{"name":"Plant Morphology","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122124040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Advanced measurements and theoretical approaches to understand adaptive morphological changes in plants 了解植物适应性形态变化的先进测量和理论方法
Plant Morphology Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5685/plmorphol.33.31
T. Higaki, A. Iwamoto
{"title":"Advanced measurements and theoretical approaches to understand adaptive morphological changes in plants","authors":"T. Higaki, A. Iwamoto","doi":"10.5685/plmorphol.33.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5685/plmorphol.33.31","url":null,"abstract":"31 はじめに 近年の植物細胞壁に関する研究,特に新学術領域研究「植 物細胞壁の情報処理システム」(2012-2016年度)の成果か ら,植物は多様な外的要因に対応して柔軟にその形態や力 学的性質を変えることのできる優れた構造システムである ことが示唆された.この植物構造システムの柔軟な環境応 答性を明らかにするためには,多様な背景を持つ研究者の 共同が必要不可欠である.特に,植物の力学的性質を正確 に計る技術,かたちを正確に描像するイメージング技術, かたちを生み出す原理を理解するための数理生物学的解析 技術は,本研究課題における重要な基盤技術と位置付けら れる.しかしながらこれらの技術を専門とする研究者間の コミュニケーションは必ずしも十分とは言えなかった.新 学術領域研究「植物の力学的最適化戦略に基づくサステナ ブル構造システムの基盤創成(植物構造オプト)」(20182022年度)では,植物が独自に獲得した構造システムを持 続可能な社会の構築に資する建築物などへの応用も可能な 「サステナブル構造システムモデル」へと昇華させることを 目指して,上述した研究背景を持つ専門家が協調して異分 野融合研究を進めている.そこで我々は新学術「植物構造 オプト」の共催のもとで,日本植物学会第84回大会におい て力学計測・イメージング・数理生物の先端的な研究者が 一堂に会し,植物の形態・構造を共通言語として最新の情 報を広く共有するシンポジウムを企画した.さらにこのシ ンポジウムは,その内容が植物の形態・構造,そしてその 機能に関連した分野の研究者が,新しい技術や理論を論議 することを目的とする植物形態学会の趣旨と合致すること から,日本植物形態学会との共催で行われることとなった. 日本植物学会第84回大会は新型コロナウイルスの影響 によりオンライン開催となったため,本シンポジウムもオ ンラインでの実施となった.オンライン開催となったもの の,シンポジウム自体は盛会のうちに終えることができ(参 加者およそ90名),本特集を出版するまでに至った.ここ に改めて日本植物形態学会の関係者の方々へ謝意を表する. PLANT MORPHOLOGY vol. 33 pp. 31-33 INVITED REVIEW","PeriodicalId":279979,"journal":{"name":"Plant Morphology","volume":"8 8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129716375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Eyespot structure and its function in photobehaviors of phytoflagellate 鞭毛虫眼斑结构及其在光行为中的作用
Plant Morphology Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5685/plmorphol.31.3
Shota Kato, T. Shinomura
{"title":"Eyespot structure and its function in photobehaviors of phytoflagellate","authors":"Shota Kato, T. Shinomura","doi":"10.5685/plmorphol.31.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5685/plmorphol.31.3","url":null,"abstract":"3 はじめに Euglena属は「眼点(eyespot)」と呼ばれる赤色やオレン ジ色の顆粒構造を有する.眼点はカロテノイドを蓄積し た顆粒の集合体である(Batra and Tollin 1964, Heelis et al. 1979).その構造がまるで「眼」のように見えることから, ラテン語の‘eu’(美しい)+‘glena’(眼)という属名がつけら れた.Euglenoids(ユーグレナ類)の記録はLeeuwenhoekに よる1670年代の記述まで遡ることができる(Lane 2015). これまでに1000種を超えるユーグレナ類が報告されてい る.その中には従属栄養性(捕食性や栄養吸収性)のユー グレナ類や光独立栄養性のユーグレナ類,さらには葉緑体 で光合成を行うと同時に捕食性も維持している混合栄養性 のRapaza viridisなど様々な形態・栄養様式の種が存在す る(Yamaguchi et al. 2012, Zakryś et al. 2017). 光独立栄養性のユーグレナ類(Euglenophyta)は二次共生 によって緑藻に由来する葉緑体を獲得して誕生したと考え られている(Turmel et al. 2009).このためEuglenophytaは 葉緑体にクロロフィルaとbを有するが,系統分類では緑 藻や陸上植物とは異なるスーパーグループ「エクスカベー ト(Excavata)」に属している(Adl et al. 2005).「ミドリムシ」 PLANT MORPHOLOGY vol. 31 pp. 3-9 INVITED REVIEW","PeriodicalId":279979,"journal":{"name":"Plant Morphology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129336563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
An Old Collection of Mutants of Pharbitis nil -A New Experimental Material for Flower Morphogenesis- 一种新的花形态发生实验材料- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Plant Morphology Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5685/PLMORPHOL.11.24
K. Takeno
{"title":"An Old Collection of Mutants of Pharbitis nil -A New Experimental Material for Flower Morphogenesis-","authors":"K. Takeno","doi":"10.5685/PLMORPHOL.11.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5685/PLMORPHOL.11.24","url":null,"abstract":"Summary: An old collection of mutants of Pharbitis nil is proposed to be used as a new experimental material for the study of flower morphogenesis. Most of the mutants were isolated over100years ago, and recorded in colored woodblock printings. The mutants were later analyzed from the view point of modern plant genetics. The author recently observed some of them. With the knowledge of the reported genetical analysis and the present anatomical observation, the mutants appeared in the old woodblock paintings were classified into seven groups. These mutations seem difficult to be explained through the ABC model. Many of the genes involved in the P. nil flower morphology has a characteristics of pleiotropism, that is, some mutations accompany with dwarfism, reduced apical dominance, narrow- or curled-leaved phenotype. The fact that the flower morphogenesis cannot be explained through the ABC model suggests that some new genes with an unreported function regarding flower morphogenesis could be isolated. If the morphology of flower, leaf and stem is analyzed simultaneously, taking the p leiotropism advantage, the common mechanism of morphogenesis may be clarified.","PeriodicalId":279979,"journal":{"name":"Plant Morphology","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124760636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Genetic analysis of cell-expansion processes in leaves of Arabidopsis thaliana 拟南芥叶片细胞扩增过程的遗传分析
Plant Morphology Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5685/PLMORPHOL.7.11
Hirokazu Tsukay, T. Tsuge, Gyung-Tae Kim, H. Uchimiya
{"title":"Genetic analysis of cell-expansion processes in leaves of Arabidopsis thaliana","authors":"Hirokazu Tsukay, T. Tsuge, Gyung-Tae Kim, H. Uchimiya","doi":"10.5685/PLMORPHOL.7.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5685/PLMORPHOL.7.11","url":null,"abstract":"Arabidopsis thaliana(L.)Heynh. is an excellent model for studies of developmental genetics in plants. We have focused on the developmental genetics of leaf morphogenesis of Arabidopsis and several important processes in leaf morphogenesis have discovered from analyses of mutants in leaf morphology. This review summarizes our current understanding of the genetic mechanisms that regulate the expansion of leaf cells in Arabidopsis.","PeriodicalId":279979,"journal":{"name":"Plant Morphology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123994525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Recent discoveries on the structure and function of organelles in the budding yeast 芽殖酵母细胞器结构与功能的新发现
Plant Morphology Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5685/PLMORPHOL.30.1
Y. Ohya
{"title":"Recent discoveries on the structure and function of organelles in the budding yeast","authors":"Y. Ohya","doi":"10.5685/PLMORPHOL.30.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5685/PLMORPHOL.30.1","url":null,"abstract":"Summary: To elucidate the structure and function of organelles, it is necessary to analyze them from various aspects including molecular biology and cell biology. Many studies on organelles were undertaken in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae , known as a unicellular eukaryotic cell model. Once after discovery in yeast, it is possible to expand the studies on organelles in even higher animal and plant cells. From this point of view, we organized a symposium at the 81th convention of the Botanical Society of Japan (jointly organized with the Japanese Society of Plant Morphology and Integrated Imaging Research Support), aiming to introduce the recent progress in the structure and function of organelles in S. cerevisiae and to discuss the various related problems in plant cells.","PeriodicalId":279979,"journal":{"name":"Plant Morphology","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123465920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Analyses of genetic architecture of stenophylly in subgenus Osmunda 狭叶草亚属遗传结构分析
Plant Morphology Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5685/PLMORPHOL.24.51
Y. Yatabe-Kakugawa, C. Tsutsumi
{"title":"Analyses of genetic architecture of stenophylly in subgenus Osmunda","authors":"Y. Yatabe-Kakugawa, C. Tsutsumi","doi":"10.5685/PLMORPHOL.24.51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5685/PLMORPHOL.24.51","url":null,"abstract":"Summary: Osmunda lancea is the rheophyte which is considered to have speciated from O. japonica and has an adaptive morphology, stenophylly. In order to clarify the genetic architecture of stenophylly, using the spores collected from a putative F1 hybrid, F2 hybrids were synthesized. The six leaf characters were measured in the F2 hybrids with ternate compound leaves. As the results, the angle of pinna base is significantly correlated to the number of veinlets in most basal basiscopic vein and that in most basal acroscopic vein, and the correlation coefficients were 0.520 and 0.426, respectively. Based on the results of molecular marker analyses, a locus appeared to be associated with the angle of pinna base, but this locus was not associated with the other measured characters.","PeriodicalId":279979,"journal":{"name":"Plant Morphology","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123657440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Insights into the Golgi apparatus through unicellular algae 通过单细胞藻类深入了解高尔基体
Plant Morphology Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5685/PLMORPHOL.13.51
T. Noguchi
{"title":"Insights into the Golgi apparatus through unicellular algae","authors":"T. Noguchi","doi":"10.5685/PLMORPHOL.13.51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5685/PLMORPHOL.13.51","url":null,"abstract":"Summary: The effects of brefeldin A(BFA)on the structure of the Golgi apparatus and the endoplasmic reticulum(ER)and on the thiamine pyrophosphatase activity in these organelles in two green algae, Scenedesmus acutus and Botryococcus braunii, were examined at various stages of the cell cycle, to obtain evidence for the existence of a retrograde transport from the Golgi bodies to the ER. The results demonstrated that a BFA-induced retrograde transport from the Golgi bodies to the ER occurred not only in mammalian cells but also in plant cells.In these two algae, the retrograde transport in the presence of BFA occurred in the interphase cells but not in dividing cells. We further investigated which cytoskeleton participated in this BFA-induced retrogradetransport in S. acutus. The results demonstrate that actin filaments directly mediate the BFA-induced retrograde transport of vesicles. This mechanism differs from that found in mammalian cells, in which microtubules mediate BFA-induced retrograde transport.","PeriodicalId":279979,"journal":{"name":"Plant Morphology","volume":"42 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125750841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The unfolded protein response of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and other organisms 酵母、酿酒酵母和其他生物对未折叠蛋白的反应
Plant Morphology Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5685/PLMORPHOL.30.15
D. M. Tran, Y. Kimata
{"title":"The unfolded protein response of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and other organisms","authors":"D. M. Tran, Y. Kimata","doi":"10.5685/PLMORPHOL.30.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5685/PLMORPHOL.30.15","url":null,"abstract":"Summary: Activity, morphology and size of an organelle are not constant, but vary dependent on extracellular and intracellular conditions. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the location where secretory and transmembrane proteins are folded. Dysfunction or overwork of the ER, which is mostly accompanied by ER accumulation of unfolded client proteins, leads to transcriptional induction of proteins that work in and/or for the ER. This cellular event, known as the unfolded protein response (UPR), is observed in a wide variety of eukaryotic species, and its mechanism has been mainly uncovered through studies using yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a simple model organism. The intracellular signaling pathway of the UPR contains various remarkable features, which include the involvement of regulatory splicing of transcription-factor mRNAs that is performed by the ER-located transmembrane endoribonuclease Ire1 in the cytoplasm. In this article, we describe our current understanding about Ire1 and the UPR in cells of S. cerevisiae and other eukaryotic species including plants.","PeriodicalId":279979,"journal":{"name":"Plant Morphology","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127901512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
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