{"title":"A Real-Valued Coding Mechanism for Software-Hardware Partitioning in SoC Design","authors":"Quanxi Li, Jingsong He","doi":"10.1109/ICESS.2008.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICESS.2008.17","url":null,"abstract":"Hardware/software partitioning plays significant role in the field of SoC design. One of the primary steps of the Hardware/software partitioning is to represent search space solutions. Under the existing work, the search space solutions are represented with binary coding or integer coding. However, with the increasing of SoC scale, the partitioning performance of these coding will have greatly affection. Otherwise, real coding has been considered for the representation issue when tackling high-dimensional optimization problems. In this paper, we study the real-coded mechanism for Hardware/software partitioning, and propose a non-uniform mapping method. Both the uniform and non-uniform mapping method has been analyzed by comparisons. Experimental results show that the real-coded mechanism outperforms integer-coded mechanism significantly, and non-uniform mapping technique outperforms uniform mapping technique significantly, specially in dealing with large-scale Hardware/software partitioning problems. This result owes much to the flexibility of the proposed real-coded mechanism.","PeriodicalId":278372,"journal":{"name":"2008 International Conference on Embedded Software and Systems","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116203547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hand Gesture Detection and Segmentation Based on Difference Background Image with Complex Background","authors":"Qiu-yu Zhang, Fan Chen, Xinwen Liu","doi":"10.1109/ICESS.2008.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICESS.2008.23","url":null,"abstract":"The video streams of backgrounds are frequently influenced by the background changes (e.g. illumination changes and changes due to adding or removing parts of the background). Further more, the quality of the foreground and the segmented image of hand gesture severely drops. We propose a novel method, which is based on difference background image between consecutive video frames, of using the '3sigma -principle' of normal distribution for hand gesture detection to cope with the problem. The adaptive method of automatic threshold selection based on the method of maximal between-class variance is proposed for hand gesture segmentation to select optimal threshold. Experimentations show that the better images are obtained with complex background, no matter if the proportion of the hand gesture is high or low. Several experimental images are presented to support the validity of the method.","PeriodicalId":278372,"journal":{"name":"2008 International Conference on Embedded Software and Systems","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116403940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reconfigurable Hardware Implementations for Lifting-Based DWT Image Processing Algorithms","authors":"S. Khanfir, M. Jemni","doi":"10.1109/ICESS.2008.78","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICESS.2008.78","url":null,"abstract":"A novel fast scheme for Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) was lately introduced under the name of lifting scheme. This new scheme presents many advantages over the convolution-based approach. For instance it is very suitable for parallelization. In this paper we present two new FPGA-based parallel implementations of the DWT lifting-based scheme. The first implementation uses pipelining, parallel processing and data reuse to increase the speed up of the algorithm. In the second architecture a controller is introduced to deploy dynamically a suitable number of clones accordingly to the available hardware resources on a targeted environment. These two architectures are able of processing large size incoming images or multi-framed images in real-time. The simulations driven on a Xilinx Virtex-5 FPGA environment has proven the practical efficiency of our contribution. In fact, the first architecture has given an operating frequency of 289 MHz, and the second architecture demonstrated the controllerpsilas capabilities of determining the true available resources needed for a successful deployment of independent clones, over a targeted FPGA environment and processing the task in parallel.","PeriodicalId":278372,"journal":{"name":"2008 International Conference on Embedded Software and Systems","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126125147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Research on the Precise Control Method based on the New Style PWM with Variable Pulse Width","authors":"Wang Yong, Zhou Wen-wei, Yu Li, Yang Xi-yin","doi":"10.1109/ICESS.2008.46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICESS.2008.46","url":null,"abstract":"It has been a very common application of the DC-motor PWM speed regulation system based on the speed and current dual-closed-loop control strategy. To improve the control accuracy of current loop in speed regulation system and to further relax the dependence of the regulation system on the performance and the speed of the microcontroller, A new accurate PWM control method with variable pulse width is proposed in this paper based on the dual-closed-loop speed regulation principle and the frequency conditions which guaranteeing the current of the armature coil is continuous. The proposed method employs a common microcontroller to generate non-uniform PWM multi-pulse whose average value is used to improve the accuracy of the armature voltage. Then the control mode can be changed from the uniform PWM one to the non-uniform PWM one under stated conditions. Finally, an experiment is carried out, in which an 8-bit microcontroller is used to generate non-uniform PWM multi-pulse to control the PWM driving FET. Experiment results show that the accuracy of the average voltage of PWM can reach to millesimal by applying the newly proposed method, which is illustrated by the experimental data and pulse waveform. Therefore, it is demonstrated that the proposed method is applicable in the practical applications.","PeriodicalId":278372,"journal":{"name":"2008 International Conference on Embedded Software and Systems","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125220990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"CIM: Hardware Support for Multi-COS Isolation of RF-UCard","authors":"Lin Shu, Jichang Cao, Zhengding Lu","doi":"10.1109/ICESS.2008.39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICESS.2008.39","url":null,"abstract":"A radio frequency universal smart card (RF-UCard) is a novel smart card which can support multiple chip operating systems (COS) on a single card and can enable radio frequency communication with readers. We are inspired from the traditional conference processes, and present the conference-based isolation model (CIM), a hardware architecture support for providing strong security isolation between multiple on-card COSes on RF-UCard. This is achieved by adding a physical isolated memory to host the running COS and its apps, whereas the other idle COSes are stored in another physical memory. In addition, the dual-core structure as well as the data bus multiplexer/demultiplexer are deployed in the CIM architecture to enforce the security isolation to be available. We have given the behavioral simulation on ModelSim by transforming the CIM architecture into a holistic VHDL model and synthesized it on FPGA.","PeriodicalId":278372,"journal":{"name":"2008 International Conference on Embedded Software and Systems","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128988921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Research of Optimal Task Scheduling for Distributed Real-time Embedded Systems","authors":"B. Zeng, Jun Wei, Haiqing Liu","doi":"10.1109/ICESS.2008.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICESS.2008.29","url":null,"abstract":"Distributed real-time embedded (DRE) systems are becoming increasingly common and important as the underlying technology for distributed computing and networking systems continues to develop. Efficient task scheduling is essential for achieving high performance in the application of embedded systems. However, because of its NP-hard nature, there are mainly heuristic algorithms in this area still needed to be improved. In this paper, a modified dynamic critical path algorithm is presented to find the earliest possible start time and the latest possible finish time of a task using the distributed nodes network structure. An algorithm called the combined dynamic BLevel (CBL) has been presented to select the node-task mapping priorities based on the dynamic critical path. Using a novel DRE network model and a communication scheduling algorithm, tasks and associated information events are scheduled simultaneously with the transfer time onto a nodepsilas communication link. According to the simulation results, the proposed solution outperforms existing mechanisms in terms of schedule length for communication intensive tasks.","PeriodicalId":278372,"journal":{"name":"2008 International Conference on Embedded Software and Systems","volume":"102 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128010443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluating the Effectiveness of Random and Partition Testing by Delivered Reliability","authors":"Jingyong Zeng, H. Lei, Haibo Pu","doi":"10.1109/ICESS.2008.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICESS.2008.21","url":null,"abstract":"The software engineering literature is full of test data selection and adequacy strategies. However, It is still a question whether these adequacy strategies are effective or not. So it is necessary to research how to evaluate the effectiveness of test strategy. The effectiveness of random and subdomain testing methodology is normally evaluated by failure detecting ability. However, detecting more failures does not guarantee that the software is more reliable because those failures detected maybe small and subtle ones that will seldom occur in reality. So in this paper, delivered reliability which presents the reliability of software after testing is introduced to evaluate their effectiveness. The better method delivers higher reliability after all test failures have been eliminated.","PeriodicalId":278372,"journal":{"name":"2008 International Conference on Embedded Software and Systems","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121269286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Design of Small Reconfigurable Embedded Numerical Control System","authors":"Dianhong Wang, Xiaoyong Ni","doi":"10.1109/ICESS.2008.37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICESS.2008.37","url":null,"abstract":"The traditional numerical control system is independent and close. Different manufacturers are not compatible with each other which lead to much time and resources waste. A small reconfigurable numerical control machining center based on embedded microprocessor S3C2410 is implemented in the paper. Each module in the system is connected by standard interfaces which make it easy to reconstruct or expand. A general architecture of G codes interpreting under winCE4.2 and the method of embedded system to access external devices are discussed.","PeriodicalId":278372,"journal":{"name":"2008 International Conference on Embedded Software and Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115860392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ARTS: Adaptive Rule Triggers on Sensors for Energy Conservation in Applications using Coarse-Granularity Data","authors":"S. Chong, M. Gaber, S. Loke, S. Krishnaswamy","doi":"10.1109/ICESS.2008.57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICESS.2008.57","url":null,"abstract":"Communicating extensive in-network data generated by resource-constrained wireless sensor nodes is an energy consuming process. To minimise the amount of data exchanged in sensor networks, several researchers have proposed novel and efficient protocols to perform data aggregations, clustering or regression on sensor nodes. Most of these approaches focus on optimising conventional mining techniques to work on resource-constrained sensor nodes. However, the application of association rules for sensor networks is an area of study that has not been investigated. This is due to the high computational cost of obtaining meaningful rules. Thus, in this paper, we propose adaptive rule triggers on sensors ARTS, to extract highly correlated rules from sensor data and apply them. The learnt rules are used to extend sensor lifetime by controlling sensor operations using triggers. Our approach is optimised to run on non-critical sensing applications/data-aggregation applications that can tolerate a coarse-granularity for sensed data. For this category of applications, our approach can derive meaningful rules efficiently to further conserve energy of wireless sensors. In this paper, these energy savings are evidenced in our experiments that adapt ARTS to a state-of-the-art clustering protocol.","PeriodicalId":278372,"journal":{"name":"2008 International Conference on Embedded Software and Systems","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125259625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Block Matching Algorithm Based on Particle Swarm Optimization for Motion Estimation","authors":"Xuedong Yuan, Xiaojing Shen","doi":"10.1109/ICESS.2008.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICESS.2008.35","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, based on particle swarm optimization (PSO), we propose a fast block matching algorithm for motion estimation (ME) and compare the algorithm with other popular fast block-matching algorithms for ME. A real-world example shows that the block matching algorithm based on PSO for ME is more feasible than others. Moreover, the initial values of parameters in PSO are empirically discussed, since they directly affect the computational complexity. Thus, an improved PSO algorithm for ME is empirically given to reduce computational complexity.","PeriodicalId":278372,"journal":{"name":"2008 International Conference on Embedded Software and Systems","volume":"133 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122060845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}