L. Babayan, Michail L. Blagonravov, H. Hayrapetyan, S. Chibisov, P. K. Sarafyan, A. K. Gulyan, A. B. Danoyan, H. Danoyan, Ani R. Tavaracyan, Narine Gasparyan, Naira Kh. Atoyan, Hasmik L. Kostanyan, Margarita T. Gabrielyan
{"title":"Alterations of Water-Mineral Homeostatic System in Rabbits Under the Action of Stressor Factors","authors":"L. Babayan, Michail L. Blagonravov, H. Hayrapetyan, S. Chibisov, P. K. Sarafyan, A. K. Gulyan, A. B. Danoyan, H. Danoyan, Ani R. Tavaracyan, Narine Gasparyan, Naira Kh. Atoyan, Hasmik L. Kostanyan, Margarita T. Gabrielyan","doi":"10.33069/cim.2022.0035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33069/cim.2022.0035","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to examine the alteration of circadian structures of electrolytes, trace elements, and white blood cell homeostasis under the action of stressors factors. Male rabbits were used in experimental work. Four-hour urine and blood specimens were collected over a span of 48–72 hours. Total Na (sodium), K (potassium), Ca (calcium), Mg (magnesium), Cu (copper), and Zn (zinc) were analyzed on atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Rhythm’s parameters have been estimated by the nonlinear least square method for sinusoidal rhythms and by dispersion analysis for nonsinusoidal rhythms. Intact rabbits’ chronoperiodical systems of water-mineral and white blood cell homeostasis were characterized by circadian structures. Acrophases of indices of water-mineral and white blood cell homeostasis in intact rabbits mostly had individual nature. Temporal structure of water-mineral and white blood cell homeostasis in rabbits under the action of stress were characterized by infradian rhythms or nonperiodical oscillations.","PeriodicalId":277997,"journal":{"name":"Chronobiology in Medicine","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127211826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Unsal, S. Onen, F. Onen, G. S. Aycicek, O. Deniz, Mert Eşme, Ayşe Dikmeer, C. Balcı, M. Koca, Y. Ozturk, Ilker Boga, S. Burkuk, E. Karabulut, M. Halil, M. Cankurtaran, B. B. Doğu
{"title":"Reliability and Validity of the Turkish Version of the Observation and Interview Based Diurnal Sleepiness Inventory","authors":"P. Unsal, S. Onen, F. Onen, G. S. Aycicek, O. Deniz, Mert Eşme, Ayşe Dikmeer, C. Balcı, M. Koca, Y. Ozturk, Ilker Boga, S. Burkuk, E. Karabulut, M. Halil, M. Cankurtaran, B. B. Doğu","doi":"10.33069/cim.2023.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33069/cim.2023.0001","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The Observation and Interview Based Diurnal Sleepiness Inventory (ODSI) is a valid 3-item tool used for assessment of excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS). The aim of this study was to investigate the reliability and validity of the ODSI in the Turkish language.Methods: Linguistic validation of the ODSI was performed by forward-backward translation. The Turkish version of the ODSI and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) were administered in EDS and control groups.Results: The ODSI was tested in 106 older patients. The median age of the patients was 73 (65–89) years and 55.7% were female. The EDS group was older and more dependent on instrumental activities of daily living than the control group. The inter-rater reliability of the ODSI was high (interclass correlation coefficient [ICC]: 0.851, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.540–0.958, p<0.001). Test-retest reliability was also high for the total sample (ICC: 0.871, 95% CI: 0.632–0.959, p<0.001). Positive strong correlations were found with the ESS (Speraman’s rho=0.876, 95% bootstrap CI [0.813–0.918], p<0.001). ROC curve analysis showed an area under the curve of 0.968 (95% CI: 0.937–0.998), a cutoff score of ≥6, a sensitivity of 94.1%, a specificity of 87.6%, a positive predictive value of 76.55%, and a negative predictive value of 97.2%.Conclusion: Our data validate the ODSI for application in Turkish-speaking populations. The simplicity, reliability, and the apparent lack of relevant influences of cultural background on performance of the 3-item ODSI make it a valuable tool for clinical management and research.","PeriodicalId":277997,"journal":{"name":"Chronobiology in Medicine","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129906342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Disturbance of Sleep and Circadian Rhythm in Hospitalized Patients","authors":"Kyung mee Park, Taeyoung Kyong","doi":"10.33069/cim.2023.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33069/cim.2023.0003","url":null,"abstract":"Sleep and circadian disturbance are common in hospitalized patients. Problems related to sleep induction, frequent awakening, poor sleep quality, and disturbed circadian rhythm including daytime somnolence and nighttime arousal are frequently observed in the hospital. Disturbance of sleep and circadian rhythm could interfere recovery of the patients, prolong the length of stay, and contribute to patient dissatisfaction. Various factors affect sleep and circadian rhythm disturbance in the hospital. Intrinsic factors are related to patients, including medical and psychiatric conditions, uncontrolled pain, prescribed medications, and physical inactivity. External factors related to the hospital environment such as noisy environment, excessive exposure to artificial light, inappropriate humidity, and temperature are also known interrupters for sleep. Medical care provided by professionals, including nighttime vital sign monitoring, phlebotomy, and medication administration, can also contribute to sleep and circadian rhythm disturbances. This review aims to systematically address sleep and circadian rhythm disturbances in hospitalized patients, discuss factors that affect sleep in the hospital, and suggest non-pharmacological and pharmacological treatment options.","PeriodicalId":277997,"journal":{"name":"Chronobiology in Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129161354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eun Hye Kim, Chan Seok Youn, Y. Nam, Sunhwa Hong, Yongkook Cho, S. Son, C. H. Hong, H. W. Roh
{"title":"Neuroarchitecture From the Perspective of Circadian Rhythm, Physical, and Mental Health","authors":"Eun Hye Kim, Chan Seok Youn, Y. Nam, Sunhwa Hong, Yongkook Cho, S. Son, C. H. Hong, H. W. Roh","doi":"10.33069/cim.2023.0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33069/cim.2023.0005","url":null,"abstract":"The field of neuroarchitecture explores how various architectural elements impact human physical and mental health, based on neuroscience principles. With the development of functional neuroimaging and electroencephalogram studies, researchers can now visualize and quantify how different architectural factors affect brain activity, emotions, and cognition. Mobile Brain/Body Imaging is a new research methodology that records a moving person’s brain activity and bodily sensations in real time, promising to be a useful tool for space and urban design. In this article, we discuss neuroarchitecture from the perspective of circadian rhythm, physical health, and mental health. Studies have shown that artificial light at night disrupts the circadian rhythm, leading to acute and chronic negative health effects. Conversely, creating a personcentered light environment or incorporating nature-like elements can have a positive impact on health. Research has also shown that exposure to nature reduces self-rumination and contributes to psychological well-being. Neuroarchitecture studies on other factors, such as ceiling height, wall colors, and the movement of people in the building, should be expanded to gain greater insights and practical applications. The convergence of neuroscience and architecture has the potential to identify architectural elements that benefit human physical and mental health.","PeriodicalId":277997,"journal":{"name":"Chronobiology in Medicine","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115230349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Association Between Benzodiazepines and Dementia in South Korea: A Nation-Wide Study","authors":"Tai hui Sun, Jihye Yeom, C. Cho, Heon-Jeong Lee","doi":"10.33069/cim.2022.0028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33069/cim.2022.0028","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Benzodiazepines are a widely used class of medications for anxiety, depression, and insomnia. Despite their common use, concerns remain about memory problems with benzodiazepines. Despite the growing financial and social burden of dementia, inconsistent results persist regarding the association between benzodiazepines and dementia. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the association between benzodiazepines and dementia in Korea. Methods: Diagnostic and prescription information from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment (HIRA) database in South Korea between 2009 and 2014 was utilized. The dementia group included people who were diagnosed with a dementia code and received one or more prescriptions for dementia. A total of 68,241 participants with dementia and 341,205 control participants were matched. Possible confounders, such as major medical and psychiatric disorders, were adjusted, and multivariate logistic regression was conducted to assess the association between benzodiazepines and dementia. Results: The highest odds ratio (OR) for dementia was noted for clonazepam (OR=2.86, 95% confidence interval [CI]=2.77–2.95) followed by those for diazepam (OR=2.60, 95% CI=2.53–2.66), lorazepam (OR=1.34, 95% CI=1.30–1.37), and triazolam (OR=1.26, 95% CI=1.21–1.32). Conclusion: Overall, relatively long-acting benzodiazepines, such as clonazepam, diazepam, and lorazepam, were associated with the incidence of dementia. Triazolam, which is approved for insomnia, was also significantly associated with dementia. Individuals who are prescribed with benzodiazepines should be cautious regarding memory loss and dementia. Further studies are needed to confirm the temporal and biological causality between benzodiazepines and dementia.","PeriodicalId":277997,"journal":{"name":"Chronobiology in Medicine","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121284253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sleep Disturbances and Depression Associated With Cognitive Function As Well As Activities of Daily Living in Older Adults With Very Mild to Mild Dementia","authors":"Jieun Han, Doh-Kwan Kim","doi":"10.33069/cim.2022.0026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33069/cim.2022.0026","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The present study compared cognitive function and the ability to perform daily activities in subjects with very mild to mild dementia, classified by the presence or absence of sleep disturbances and depression. Methods: A total of 1,188 psychiatric outpatients (457 males and 731 females, mean age=74.65±5.83 years) were recruited. Sleep disturbances were measured by the Korean version of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory and depression was measured by the Korean Geriatric Depression Scale. Cognitive function was assessed using the Korean version of the Mini-Mental State Examination (K-MMSE), immediate recall, delayed recall, and verbal fluency. The ability to perform daily tasks was measured by the Seoul-Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (S-IADL). Results: Participants with both sleep disturbances and depression as well as those with depression only had significantly lower K-MMSE, immediate and delayed recall, and verbal fluency scores and higher S-IADL scores than the normal group. Also, those with both sleep disturbances and depression showed the highest S-IADL scores among groups. However, there were no significant differences between subjects with sleep disturbances only and the normal group in all cognitive functional areas and S-IADL. Conclusion: The present study found the differences in cognitive function and the ability to perform daily tasks among patients with mild dementia according to their sleep disturbances and depression. Our findings suggest that depression has stronger associations with cognitive and functional decline in older adults than sleep disturbances.","PeriodicalId":277997,"journal":{"name":"Chronobiology in Medicine","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131768772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Circadian Rhythms in Parkinson’s Disease","authors":"Yoonha Hwang","doi":"10.33069/cim.2022.0031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33069/cim.2022.0031","url":null,"abstract":"Circadian rhythm is a biological process that regulates neuronal, metabolic, and hormonal functions following a 24-hour cycle. Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, and it exhibits diurnal fluctuations in motor and non-motor symptoms. Recently, increasing attention has been paid to circadian dysfunction in PD patients. This review summarizes the existing research on the circadian rhythms in PD especially endogenous markers, clinical symptoms, and available treatment options.","PeriodicalId":277997,"journal":{"name":"Chronobiology in Medicine","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125960045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Park, So-Jin Lee, Jin-Seong Lee, Kyoung-Sae Na, Seung-Gul Kang, Ho-Kyoung Yoon, Eui-Joong Kim
{"title":"Prescribing Practices of Hypnotics for Elderly Patients With Insomnia at Six University Hospitals","authors":"Y. Park, So-Jin Lee, Jin-Seong Lee, Kyoung-Sae Na, Seung-Gul Kang, Ho-Kyoung Yoon, Eui-Joong Kim","doi":"10.33069/cim.2022.0032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33069/cim.2022.0032","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This study aimed to investigate prescription patterns in patients with insomnia who still met the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) criteria despite having already been taking hypnotics, and to determine which drug(s) and what combination therapies were preferred. Methods: Sixty-three patients were enrolled in this study. Patients were selected from participants registered at six university hospitals for a prospective study to evaluate the efficacy of melatonin (Circadin).Results: The prescribed hypnotics were clonazepam (n=33), trazodone (n=23), zolpidem (n=22), quetiapine (n=14), mirtazapine (n=12), lorazepam (n=10), alprazolam (n=7), triazolam (n=5), doxepin (n=5), diazepam (n=3), etizolam (n=2), and flunitrazepam (n=1). There were five types of monotherapies (benzodiazepine, zolpidem, trazodone, mirtazapine, and doxepin) and 18 types of combination therapies. The total number of hypnotics used ranged from one to six. The frequency of benzodiazepine use was quite high, at 51/63. Conclusion: This study showed that insomnia can be treated in a wide variety of ways. In particular, 63% of the insomnia treatments in this study used combination therapy. This means that the gap between evidence-based pharmacotherapy and pharmacotherapy used in clinical practice is substantial. This also means that insomnia is still not fully understood and is a heterogeneous condition. In the future, more studies are needed to deepen our understanding of the pathophysiology of insomnia.","PeriodicalId":277997,"journal":{"name":"Chronobiology in Medicine","volume":"PP 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126527016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Young-Ji Lee, B. Kim, Cheol-Soon Lee, B. Cha, So-Jin Lee, Jae-Won Choi, Eunji Lim, Nuree Kang, Dongyun Lee
{"title":"Application of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in Sleep Disturbances","authors":"Young-Ji Lee, B. Kim, Cheol-Soon Lee, B. Cha, So-Jin Lee, Jae-Won Choi, Eunji Lim, Nuree Kang, Dongyun Lee","doi":"10.33069/cim.2022.0030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33069/cim.2022.0030","url":null,"abstract":"Sleep disturbances are common across all age groups, and they encompass a broad range of impairments of daytime functioning and comorbid various clinical conditions. However, current treatment methods for sleep disturbances have several limitations. As the ‘top-down’ pathway is known to play an important role in sleep-wake regulation, and as neuronal activity abnormalities have been reported as a potential pathological mechanism of sleep disturbances, the use of non-invasive brain stimulation—such as transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in treating sleep disturbances—has emerged. In the present review, we first explain the mechanism of tDCS, and we also introduce recent studies that have applied tDCS to sleep disorders, along with other sleep-related tDCS studies. In conclusion, many studies have achieved improvements in sleep state, although some of these studies have reported inconsistent effects of tDCS according to the protocol and the conditions used. Further studies are needed to explore the optimal protocols to use when applying tDCS in each sleep disturbance and to enhance the evidence on the clinical efficacy of tDCS.","PeriodicalId":277997,"journal":{"name":"Chronobiology in Medicine","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124371312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ha Young Lee, M. Seo, J. Jeon, Jiyoon Shin, Y. Lee
{"title":"A Preliminary Study of the Effect of Mattress Temperature on the Subjective and Objective Sleep Quality of Healthy Young Adults","authors":"Ha Young Lee, M. Seo, J. Jeon, Jiyoon Shin, Y. Lee","doi":"10.33069/cim.2022.0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33069/cim.2022.0021","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: We evaluated the effects of microclimate temperature on the subjective and objective sleep quality of healthy young adults. For this purpose, we maintained a constant ambient temperature and manipulated the mattress temperature to change the microclimate.Methods: We enrolled 34 healthy young adults (12 males and 22 females; mean age: 24.06±2.70 years). Data from 26 individuals were analyzed (8 males and 18 females; mean age: 23.46±2.40 years). Nocturnal polysomnography (nPSG) was performed and self-reported questionnaires were completed at an ambient temperature of 27°C and mattress temperature of 28°C, 30°C, or 32°C.Results: The subjective sleep satisfaction was lower at a mattress temperature of 32°C than at 28°C. The subjective sleep latency was longer at 32°C than at 30°C. The number of respondents that selected sleep environment (including temperature) as the cause of sleep dissatisfaction was greater at higher temperatures. Participants felt that the mattress temperature was the least cool when they woke up at 32° than 30°C. Furthermore, they reported that the sleep latency at 32°C was longer than the other temperatures compared to usual sleep, and that they had more frequent awakenings at 32°C than at 28°C. The nPSG results showed that the proportion of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep was lower at 28°C than at 30°C.Conclusion: A high microclimate temperature caused by a high mattress temperature was associated with poor subjective sleep quality. Mattress temperature was also related to the objective proportion of REM sleep; however, the results are inconsistent with previous findings. Additional large-scale studies that evaluate a wider temperature range are required.","PeriodicalId":277997,"journal":{"name":"Chronobiology in Medicine","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122264148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}