{"title":"A Low Power Digital Baseband for Wireless Endoscope Capsule","authors":"Xinkai Chen, Guolin Li, Xiang Xie, Xiaowen Li, Zhihua Wang, Hong Chen","doi":"10.1109/ISCAS.2007.377932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISCAS.2007.377932","url":null,"abstract":"A design of low power digital baseband for wireless endoscope capsule is presented. The key design issues involved in this IC are discussed, including implementation of communication protocol, real time image filter and real time JPEG-LS encoder. Power dissipation is lowered through the architectural exploration. The baseband has been implemented in 0.18 mum CMOS technology. Measurement results show that 50% power reduction is achieved when image compression is enabled @ 30 fps for VGA image at 1.2 V supply voltage compared with the situation when image compression is disabled, 11% power reduction is achieved compared with the previous research.","PeriodicalId":274010,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131508724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiaobo Zhou, Jing Chen, Jinmin Zhu, Fuhai Li, Xudong Huang, Stephen T. C. Wong
{"title":"Study of CuO Nanoparticle-induced Cell Death by High Content Cellular Fluorescence Imaging and Analysis","authors":"Xiaobo Zhou, Jing Chen, Jinmin Zhu, Fuhai Li, Xudong Huang, Stephen T. C. Wong","doi":"10.1109/ISCAS.2007.378773","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISCAS.2007.378773","url":null,"abstract":"To quantify cellular toxic responses to drug treatment or environmental stresses such as nanoparticles, a high throughput imaging modality with automated image analysis protocol is applied. Fluorescence images from human H4 neurogliomal cells exposed to different concentrations of CuO nanoparticles were collected by a high content fluorescence microscopy. A fully automated fluorescent cellular image analysis system has been developed for the consequential image analysis for cell viability. A data-driven background algorithm was used as adaptive multiple thresholding algorithm to categorize the cells into three classes: bright cells, dark cells, and background. Our image analysis approach includes: (1) the scale-space theory, namely Gaussian filtering with proper scale has been applied to the acquired images to generate local intensity maxima within each cell; (2) a novel method for defining local image intensity maxima based on the gradient vector field has been developed; and (3) a statistical model was proposed to overcome the problem of cell segmentation. Our data have shown that the automated image analysis protocol can achieve 90% success rate of cell detection compared to manual procedure. Cellular image analysis further indicated that H4 neuroglioma cells had a dose-dependent toxic response to the insult of CuO nanoparticles.","PeriodicalId":274010,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131637984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"\"Split-ADC\" Digital Background Correction of Open-Loop Residue Amplifier Nonlinearity Errors in a 14b Pipeline ADC","authors":"J. McNeill, Sanjeev Goluguri, Abhilash Nair","doi":"10.1109/ISCAS.2007.378334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISCAS.2007.378334","url":null,"abstract":"The \"split ADC\" architecture concept is applied to correction of errors due to nonlinearity of an open-loop residue amplifier in a pipeline ADC. Determination of calibration parameters and correction of errors takes place entirely in the background in the digital domain; no interaction with analog circuitry is required. An algorithm exhibiting convergence of calibration parameters in fewer than 100 000 conversions is presented.","PeriodicalId":274010,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131811410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A 1.5-V Low-Power Common-Gate Low Noise Amplifier for Ultrawideband Receivers","authors":"R. Weng, Po-Cheng Lin","doi":"10.1109/ISCAS.2007.377950","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISCAS.2007.377950","url":null,"abstract":"A low power ultra-wideband (UWB) common-gate low noise amplifier (CGLNA) for IEEE 802.15.3a is presented. In order to save the power consumption, a current-reuse technology is used. For extending the bandwidth, the proposed circuit uses and the stagger tuning technique of two stacked stages with different resonant frequencies. The circuit is simulated with TSMC 0.18 mum mixed signal/RF CMOS process technology. The post-layout circuit simulation results show the proposed UWB CGLNA can achieve a maximum power gain (S21) of 13.5dB with the -3dB bandwidth from 3.1GHz to 10GHz. The input reflection coefficient S11 and output reflection coefficient S22 are both less than -10dB, a minimum noise figure of 3.55dB, and an input third-order intercept point IIP3 of -6.4dBm. The power dissipation is 2.7mW at 1.5V supply voltage.","PeriodicalId":274010,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132975669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Tutorial 12: Challenges and Opportunities of Digital Design in Nanoscale CMOS","authors":"C. Chuang","doi":"10.1109/ISCAS.2007.378121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISCAS.2007.378121","url":null,"abstract":"This tutorial reviews the challenges and opportunities of high-performance digital design in nanoscale CMOS technologies. The device structure evolution, material enhancement, and major design challenges are discussed. Examples of logic circuit and SRAM design techniques to overcome the challenges and to mitigate various performance/reliability constraints in conventional planar CMOS technology are given. Scaled/emerging technologies such as scaled PD/SOI, UT/SOI, strained-Si channel device, hybrid orientation technology, and multi-gate FinFET are addressed with particular emphases on the implications and impacts on circuit design. Finally, novel logic circuit, SRAM, and power-gating schemes exploiting unique structures and properties of emerging devices are discussed.","PeriodicalId":274010,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132787675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Macromodeling for Nonlinear Distributed Interconnect Networks","authors":"Taha Amiralli, A. Dounavis","doi":"10.1109/ISCAS.2007.378587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISCAS.2007.378587","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an automatic, multidimensional Krylov subspace based approach to developing macromodels for nonlinear distributed interconnect networks. The approach avoids the need for extra ports due to nonlinear elements by introducing constraint equations to link the nonlinear and linear portions of the network. Numerical examples have been included to demonstrate the efficiency of the presented algorithm with respect to two metrics: computational cost and the size of the system that will be simulated.","PeriodicalId":274010,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132811727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Li Zhang, Xiaolin Wu, Ning Zhang, Wen Gao, Qiang Wang, Debin Zhao
{"title":"Context-based Arithmetic Coding Reexamined for DCT Video Compression","authors":"Li Zhang, Xiaolin Wu, Ning Zhang, Wen Gao, Qiang Wang, Debin Zhao","doi":"10.1109/ISCAS.2007.378098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISCAS.2007.378098","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a new context modeling technique for arithmetic coding of DCT coefficients in video compression. A key feature of the new technique is the inclusion of all previously coded coefficient magnitudes in a DCT block in context modeling. This enables adaptive arithmetic coding to exploit the redundancy of the high-order Markov process in the DCT domain with a few conditioning states. In addition, a context weighting technique is used to further improve the coding efficiency. The complexity of the new arithmetic coding scheme is slightly lower than that of context-based adaptive binary arithmetic coding (CABAC) of H.264. Moreover, the scheme is made compatible to the AVS baseline profile. It achieves on average 13% improvement in compression ratio over context-based two dimension variable length coding (C2DVLC) designed for the DCT domain, and a similar coding efficiency as the CABAC technique in H.264.","PeriodicalId":274010,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130829436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An Object-based Approach to Plenoptic Video Processing","authors":"S. Chan, Z. Gan, H. Shum","doi":"10.1109/ISCAS.2007.378134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISCAS.2007.378134","url":null,"abstract":"Image-based rendering (IBR) is an emerging technology for photo-realistic rendering of scenes from a collection of densely sampled images and videos. Recently, an object-based approach for a class of dynamic image-based representations called plenoptic videos was proposed in order to improve the rendering quality in large environment. Since images and videos are special cases of the plenoptic function, many conventional image processing algorithms such as coding, segmentation, etc have similar analogy in IBR. This paper is devoted to the extension of some commonly used image processing algorithms to IBR using the object-based approach and their possible applications. Experimental results using plenoptic videos as an example are also given to illustrate the basic concept.","PeriodicalId":274010,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130864290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"CMOS Integrated LC RF Bandpass Filter with Transformer-Coupled Q-Enhancement and Optimized Linearity","authors":"W. Gee, P. Allen","doi":"10.1109/ISCAS.2007.378574","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISCAS.2007.378574","url":null,"abstract":"A loss-compensated second-order radio frequency (RF) bandpass filter with tunable quality factor, Q, is implemented in a 0.18 mum standard digital CMOS process. This filter utilizes an integrated resonant tank comprised of an on-chip transformer along with parasitic and designed capacitors. The design incorporates a novel method of controlled positive feedback via the integrated transformer and a single transistor, providing an adjustable quality factor for the inherently lossy on-chip resonator. The circuit transformer feedback and the unique Q-enhancement technique facilitate increased voltage swing across the resonator and subsequent linearity improvement. The filter has a measured center frequency, fo, of 2.14 GHz, a maximum gain of 5 dB (~10dB unbuffered), and a tunable Q of 3 to 29. With the filter adjusted for the maximum quality factor and gain, the input compression point, P1dB, is measured at -3.5 dBm with a power dissipation of 143.1 mW and a measured input referred noise power of -144.3 dBm at a spot bandwidth of 1 Hz. As a prospective Bluetooth receiver input stage, dynamic range is measured at 59.6 dB and 80.8 dB over the filter operational and channel bandwidths of 132 MHz (84timespi/2 MHz) and 1 MHz.","PeriodicalId":274010,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131073383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On the Design of Error Cancellation Network for MASH ΣΔ-Frequency discriminators","authors":"Essam S. Atalla, E. Hegazi, M. Ibrahim","doi":"10.1109/ISCAS.2007.378768","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISCAS.2007.378768","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a proposal for the design of error cancellation networks of multistage ΣΔ-frequency discriminators (ΣΔ-FD). Analysis and simulation, based on z-domain models in Matlab, address the effect of using a frequency divider in the 1<sup>st</sup> stage on the output noise of MASH ΣΔ-FDs and so proposing the suitable error cancellation network. At the end, we compare our work to previously done work.","PeriodicalId":274010,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130841445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}