Proceedings of Petersburg Transport University最新文献

{"title":"Features of construction and operation of electric power generation devices in the southern part of Iraq","authors":"Mohammed J. J. Alsultan, Maxim Shevlyugin","doi":"10.20295/1815-588x-2024-02-359-369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20295/1815-588x-2024-02-359-369","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: the Iraqi electricity sector is in a critical state requiring immediate reforms. The industry and the academic community have expressed concern about the system’s ability to provide stable power supply and overall operational inefficiency. The energy sector is currently experiencing one of the most significant demand increases in the world, and given its capital intensity, it occupies a significant part of Iraq’s government investment program. Moreover, there has been a significant increase in the financial burden on Iraq’s electricity supply due to the high subsidies needed to cover current expenses. These subsidies are considered to be among the highest in the world. Methods: the reasoning presented in the article deals with the complex issue of the production capacities of power plants operating within the geographical boundaries of the central and southern regions of the country of Iraq, with particular attention to the paramount importance of understanding the scale and volume of energy demand existing in these aforementioned regions, as well as the multifaceted complexities associated with the diverse types of consumers who participate in the use of these energy resources. Results: taking into account the above-mentioned difficulties, this article examines these issues in detail and presents a number of proposals aimed directly at improving the overall efficiency of the energy sector. One of the main recommendations provides for a comprehensive reform of the energy sector, with special attention to meeting the growing demand for electricity among the population. The implementation of this proposal is expected to make significant progress in providing reliable and sustainable energy solutions to meet the ever-increasing needs of the population.","PeriodicalId":273874,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Petersburg Transport University","volume":"103 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141666370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The results of the assessment of the force effect of heavy and long-component freight trains on the railway track by various measurement methods","authors":"Andrey Romanov, Artem Kiselev, Aleksandr Miroshnik, Mikhail Bushuev","doi":"10.20295/1815-588x-2024-02-409-420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20295/1815-588x-2024-02-409-420","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: to assess the force effect of heavy and long-component freight trains on the railway track by various measurement methods: Schlumpf, influence matrices and the two-section method (PGUPS). Methods: measurements of the assessment of the force effect of heavy and long-component freight trains on the railway track were carried out using the Schlumpf methods, influence matrices and the two-section method (PGUPS). Results: it was found that measurements of vertical dynamic forces by three methods are well correlated with each other, and the Schlumpf method gives overestimated results when measuring horizontal transverse force. Practical importance: the two-section method can be recommended for measuring the force effect of both new and upgraded rolling stock on the railway track, as well as for operated rolling stock in order to identify defects and deviations on the rolling surface of the wheels","PeriodicalId":273874,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Petersburg Transport University","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141664170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ways to Improve the Efficiency of Wastewater Treatment","authors":"L. Paramonova","doi":"10.20295/1815-588x-2024-02-324-331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20295/1815-588x-2024-02-324-331","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: generalization of available methods to improve the efficiency of wastewater treatment. To achieve this goal, the article discusses ways to intensify various sewage facilities. Methods: collection, comparison and systematization of existing methods for improving the efficiency of structures. Results: various options for improving the efficiency of wastewater treatment are considered, the most promising solutions for the modernization of both individual structures and devices for technological treatment of urban wastewater are identified. Practical significance: the use of recommended modern domestic developments in the reconstruction and/or construction of new wastewater treatment plants will allow achieving the degree of wastewater treatment required by the new standards with minimal costs, both monetary a nd temporary.","PeriodicalId":273874,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Petersburg Transport University","volume":"77 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141664752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ISSUES RELATED TO THE ORGANIZATION OF THE “SMART MERCY TRAIN”","authors":"Aleksey Tatarenko, E. Kazakevich, Andrey Privalov, Stanislav Lopatin","doi":"10.20295/1815-588x-2024-02-525-536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20295/1815-588x-2024-02-525-536","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the problem of digitalization of sanitary trains, which ensure the stage of medical evacuation of victims in emergency situations. In order to improve the quality of medical and diagnostic measures along the route, and the use of existing digital medical services, it is necessary to create a “smart mercy train” (UPM) equipped with modern information and telecommunications facilities. Relevance: At the stage of the digital transformation of Russian Railways, ensuring the timeliness and efficiency of medical evacuation of victims is possible by creating a “smart mercy train” using existing solutions for objects of an intelligent transport system. The choice of equipment for an intelligent transport system is determined by the volume and type of information of a medical and administrative nature. Objective: To assess the projected information flows and functional needs of a “smart” means of medical evacuation by rail in emergency situations. Methods: Methods of expert survey, system analysis and theory of operations research were used. Results: An analysis of existing solutions for the creation of a “smart” means of medical evacuation by rail is presented. The internal and external information flows received by the head of the mercy train, which need special technical support (means of communication), are ranked. The place of the integrated personal electronic medical record at the stages of medical evacuation within the framework of the Unified Military Medical Information System has been determined. The results of the creation of a digital “smart mercy train” are determined. Practical significance: Taking into account the assessment of projected information flows and functional needs of communication users in the UPM made it possible to determine the required types of communication and the speed of information transfer for the implementation of the functions of communication users, which will further calculate the average subscriber load on the UPM communication network.","PeriodicalId":273874,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Petersburg Transport University","volume":"20 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141663765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mathematical modeling of thermodynamic processes in subway ventilation shafts","authors":"Anton Sokornov, A. Kon'kov, Yuriy Filonov, Evgenii Kozin","doi":"10.20295/1815-588x-2024-02-457-469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20295/1815-588x-2024-02-457-469","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To develop recommendations for performing thermal engineering calculations during the ventilation shafts renovation with the creation of internal thermal insulation made of foam glass concrete. Methods: Mathematical modeling by the Metrogiprotrans method of the shaft lining in an elastic medium for specified movements from expanding ice; mathematical modeling by the finite elements method of a system including a ground massive, shaft lining and a load from convection (cold air flow). Results: The criteria for the risk of the ventilation shafts lining destruction during freezing of water-saturated soil behind the lining have been established. It has been established that the destruction of cast-iron lining from the ice expansion depends on the amount of soil resistance and the size of voids behind the lining, but not on the depth of the location of the section under consideration. An influence assessment of the soil thermodynamic characteristics during the ventilation shafts operation in conditions of alternating temperatures has been performed. It was found that as a result of a very wide change in the thermal characteristics of the medium, the temperature behind the lining during thermodynamic calculations changes insignificantly — within 1 °C, and the thermal characteristics of the foam glass concrete layer play a decisive role in heat distribution. Practical importance: The results of the study can be used during the inspection of subway ventilation shafts, as well as an algorithm for conducting thermodynamic calculations for projecting shafts renovation with an insulation made of foam glass concrete.","PeriodicalId":273874,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Petersburg Transport University","volume":"41 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141664960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural approach to assessing the performance of the monitoring system of engineering structures of the cablestayed bridge over the Petrovsky Canal in the construction of the western speed diameter highway in St. Petersburg. Part 1","authors":"Andrey Mahon'ko, Yuriy Lazarev, Anatoliy Antonyuk","doi":"10.20295/1815-588x-2024-02-421-431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20295/1815-588x-2024-02-421-431","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: assessing the performance of the monitoring system for engineering structures and assessing the current state of the structures of the cable-stayed bridge across the Petrovsky Canal in the alignment of the Western High-Speed Diameter highway in the city of St. Petersburg due to the occurrence of emergency situations in which accelerometers on the pylons record values exceeding the limit. Methods: statistical data from the databases of the existing system of monitoring engineering structures is used to obtain the results. The tasks, set within the framework of the study, are accomplished by applying the theoretical methods of scientific knowledge: the analytical method, the mathematical statistics theory, induction. Results: the resulting structural approach to assessing the performance of the monitoring system for engineering structures on cable-stayed bridges makes it possible to reduce the number of false alarms of the system and assess the current state of the bridge structure. Within the framework of the III stage of the structural approach, it is proposed to develop a methodology for assessing the performance of the monitoring system for engineering structures with subsequent assessment of the current state of cable-stayed bridge structures. Practical significance: the results of the work are important for construction as they expand the understanding of the features of the mechanism of soil freezing.","PeriodicalId":273874,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Petersburg Transport University","volume":"38 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141663512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of damage caused by pollutants from vehicle exhaust gases during highway reconstruction","authors":"A. Kolos, Viktoriya Chernyaeva, Oleg Maksimov","doi":"10.20295/1815-588x-2024-02-480-488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20295/1815-588x-2024-02-480-488","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: assessment of damage caused by pollutants from vehicle exhaust gases during highway construction. The roadbed is one of the most important elements of a highway structure, presented in the form of a mass of soil and receiving static and dynamic loads from vehicles. The increasing intensity of road transport has a negative impact on the environment. The main causes of environmental damage are overloads at intersections, and their effects are delayed in time. For example, when a city highway is laid through an uninhabited area, the damage incurred is less than when the highway passes through densely populated residential areas and is adjacent to urban areas. Poor traffic management leads to environmental damage. The volume of emissions of harmful substances is determined by the mileage of vehicles, depends on various factors and is related to the total fuel consumption. An urgent task is to supplement the Methodological Recommendations for the selection of rational roadbed structures and their feasibility study with an indicator that takes into account environmental pollution, including greenhouse gas emis such as this is required in accordance with [1]. Methods: Taking as a basis the existing methodological recommendations for the selection of rational subgrade structures on weak foundations and their feasibility study [2], calculations were made on the basis of which it is possible to draw a conclusion about the amount of exhaust gases emitted by reducing the flow rate during activities for the reconstruction of the highway. The main concept underlying the methodological document is the optimization of design solutions based on their comprehensive technical and economic assessment, carried out in terms of capital and operating costs, significant socio-economic effects and the duration of the construction period. Results: a feasibility study and a technical and economic comparison of design solutions for the reconstruction of the highway were carried out in terms of widening the roadbed built on soft soils. Practical significance: Calculations are included in the basis of practical recommendations for the use of design solutions for the construction of roadbeds on soft soils, which gives a clear idea of the technical and economic feasibility oftheir use in various operating conditions.","PeriodicalId":273874,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Petersburg Transport University","volume":"17 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141664286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The contribution of architects and civil engineers of the Petersburg University of Railways to the formation of the transport and urban infrastructure of BAM","authors":"Tat'yana Belash, A. Kuznecov, Viktor Martirov","doi":"10.20295/1815-588x-2024-02-311-323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20295/1815-588x-2024-02-311-323","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: to trace the contribution of scientists and staff of the departments of “Buildings”, “Architecture and industrial Aesthetics” to the development of transport and urban infrastructure of the Baikal-Amur mainline. Materials and methods: archival documents have been reviewed. A system analysis was performed and the chronological sequence of infrastructure projects was determined. Results: on the basis of archival data, settlements and railway stations were attributed, where the developments of the department’s staff were used for the first time, and infrastructure facilities were built by the university’s construction crews. For the first time, photographic materials of individual projects and production processes have been published. A retrospective look at the formation and development of BAM is presented. The time check of the operational characteristics of the erected buildings, laid down as a result of scientific and design developments of the departments of “Buildings”, “Architecture and industrial aesthetics” is analyzed. The practical significance of the article is in preserving memory and communication between generations. The materials of personal origin collected by the author’s team make it possible to expand the boundaries of research related to the study of historical memory of the late Soviet period and reconstruct a number of events when describing local identities of personalities in the context of architectural and construction activities of the staf f of the PSUPS.","PeriodicalId":273874,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Petersburg Transport University","volume":"42 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141663707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-stresses in the rails arising as a result of the operation of the railway track with deviations in its content","authors":"Viktoriya Chernyaeva, Evgeniy Shehtman, Evgeniy Chernyaev, Andrey Ivanov","doi":"10.20295/1815-588x-2024-02-440-448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20295/1815-588x-2024-02-440-448","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: approaches to the maintenance of the railway track play a significant role in the interaction between the track and the rolling stock. The analysis [1–10] shows that existing methods for assessing the impact of rolling stock on the track have not completely resolved the issues of taking into account the residual deformation of the track, which does not allow us to have the most complete understanding of the ongoing interactions and processes between the railway track and the rolling stock in real operating conditions. In developing the issue of the need to take into account the residual deformation of the track, deviations in the geometry of the rail track in the profile, the article considers the “intrinsic” stresses in the track that are not under the influence of any load, arising as a result of the operation of a railway track with deviations in its contents. Methods: statistical analysis of the accumulation of residual deformations of a section of the railway track, review of existing methods for assessing the impact of rolling stock on the track, simulation modeling of the stress-strain state of the rail. Results: an analysis of the accumulation of residual deformations of a section of the railway track, a review of existing methods for assessing the impact of rolling stock on the track, modeling of the stress-strain state of a rail under load in two states (straight beam, curved beam) were carried out. Practical significance: the results can be applied when solving the problem of interaction between rolling stock and the railway track.","PeriodicalId":273874,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Petersburg Transport University","volume":"98 48","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141664175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A multi-criteria approach to the selection of options for creating a railway network","authors":"Nataliya Medvedeva, Vyacheslav Shvarcfel'd","doi":"10.20295/1815-588x-2024-02-398-408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20295/1815-588x-2024-02-398-408","url":null,"abstract":"The article provides a multivariate approach to the selection of options for the outline of a network polygon in a poorly developed area. When developing deposits of natural resources, it is necessary to qualitatively carry out a comprehensive assessment of the sustainability of the development of the relevant region and develop strategies for its development. An underdeveloped area can be classified as a problem region, which includes underdeveloped or depressed areas. By underdeveloped areas (regions), the authors understand the territories of a large area inhabited by a small population, poorly developed or completely absent railway network of communication routes on the one hand, and on the other, there are rich reserves of deposits of natural resources that cannot be fully exploited. To assess the prospective development of the railway network in such areas, taking into account its socio-economic development, it is proposed to use a multi-criteria approach. The main provisions of the methodology for the formation of options for creating a railway network using graph theory and their consistent multi-criteria evaluation are presented. A specific calculation example is given, showing the efficiency of the proposed methodology","PeriodicalId":273874,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Petersburg Transport University","volume":"87 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141664715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}