{"title":"Enhancing the ESIM (Embedded Systems Improving Method) by Combining Information Flow Diagram with Analysis Matrix for Efficient Analysis of Unexpected Obstacles in Embedded Software","authors":"Yasufumi Shinyashiki, Toshiro Mise, Masaaki Hashimoto, Keiichi Katamine, Naoyasu Ubayashi, Takako Nakatani","doi":"10.1109/APSEC.2007.49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APSEC.2007.49","url":null,"abstract":"In order to improve the quality of embedded software, this paper proposes an enhancement to the ESIM (embedded systems improving method) by combining an IFD (information flow diagram) with an Analysis Matrix to analyze unexpected obstacles in the software. These obstacles are difficult to predict in the software specification. Recently, embedded systems have become larger and more complicated. Theoretically therefore, the development cycle of these systems should be longer. On the contrary, in practice the cycle has been shortened. This trend in industry has resulted in the oversight of unexpected obstacles, and consequently affected the quality of embedded software. In order to prevent the oversight of unexpected obstacles, we have already proposed two methods for requirements analysis: the ESIM using an Analysis Matrix and a method that uses an IFD. In order to improve the efficiency of unexpected obstacle analysis at reasonable cost, we now enhance the ESIM by combining an IFD with an Analysis Matrix. The enhancement is studied from the following three viewpoints. First, a conceptual model comprising both the Analysis Matrix and IFD is defined. Then, a requirements analysis procedure is proposed, that uses both the Analysis Matrix and IFD, and assigns each specific role to either an expert or non-expert engineer. Finally, to confirm the effectiveness of this enhancement, we carry out a description experiment using an IFD.","PeriodicalId":273688,"journal":{"name":"14th Asia-Pacific Software Engineering Conference (APSEC'07)","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126905794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Improving Effort Estimation Accuracy by Weighted Grey Relational Analysis During Software Development","authors":"Chao-Jung Hsu, Chin-Yu Huang","doi":"10.1109/APSEC.2007.63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APSEC.2007.63","url":null,"abstract":"Grey relational analysis (GRA), a similarity-based method, presents acceptable prediction performance in software effort estimation. However, we found that conventional GRA methods only consider non-weighted conditions while predicting effort. Essentially, each feature of a project may have a different degree of relevance in the process of comparing similarity. In this paper, we propose six weighted methods, namely, non-weight, distance-based weight, correlative weight, linear weight, nonlinear weight, and maximal weight, to be integrated into GRA. Three public datasets are used to evaluate the accuracy of the weighted GRA methods. Experimental results show that the weighted GRA performs better precision than the non-weighted GRA. Specifically, the linearly weighted GRA greatly improves accuracy compared with the other weighted methods. To sum up, the weighted GRA not only can improve the accuracy of prediction but is an alternative method to be applied to software development life cycle.","PeriodicalId":273688,"journal":{"name":"14th Asia-Pacific Software Engineering Conference (APSEC'07)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131148656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An Approach to Probabilistic Effort Estimation for Military Avionics Software Maintenance by Considering Structural Characteristics","authors":"Tae-Hoon Song, Kyung-A Yoon, Doo-Hwan Bae","doi":"10.1109/APSEC.2007.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APSEC.2007.19","url":null,"abstract":"The needs of software maintenance and the importance of maintenance project management increase rapidly in the military avionics industry. Although few previous studies related to the maintenance effort estimation were proposed, they had two drawbacks:(1) the needs of some input parameters which are hard to measure precisely at early stage, (2) the passive support of \"what-if\" analysis by exploring the impact of changes among input parameters for more realistic estimation. In this paper, we suggest probabilistic effort estimation model for military avionics software maintenance by considering structural characteristics. We elicited the four aspects to the maintenance effort including structural characteristics, developed probabilistic maintenance effort estimation model based on Bayesian network with a data set of 76 military avionics software maintenance projects in the Republic Of Korea Air Force (ROKAF).","PeriodicalId":273688,"journal":{"name":"14th Asia-Pacific Software Engineering Conference (APSEC'07)","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134636877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Middleware-based Approach to Model Refactoring at Runtime","authors":"Ling Lan, Gang Huang, Weihu Wang, Hong Mei","doi":"10.1109/APSEC.2007.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APSEC.2007.10","url":null,"abstract":"Model refactoring is emerging as a desirable means to improve design model by restructuring it while preserving the behavior properties. It applies the concept of refactoring to a higher level of abstraction and makes refactoring more convenient and effective. Model refactoring always arises at design phase, but unfortunately, 7(days) times 24(hours) high availability requires that refactoring takes effect at runtime without stopping the running systems. In this paper, we present a middleware-based approach to applying model refactoring for component based applications at runtime. First of all, ill-structures in an application are abstracted as bad patterns, each of which has at least one good pattern abstracting the refactored part in the application without the ill-structure. People can define the bad/good patterns using a MOF-based metamodel. After that, with the help of middleware, the ill-structures will be automatically detected and removed by refactoring the running application under the guide of predefined patterns.","PeriodicalId":273688,"journal":{"name":"14th Asia-Pacific Software Engineering Conference (APSEC'07)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133996081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Synchronization Flow Analysis of Concurrent Objects in AIBO OPEN-R Programs Based on Communicating Processes","authors":"R. Suetsugu, Shoji Yuen, K. Agusa","doi":"10.1109/APSEC.2007.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APSEC.2007.15","url":null,"abstract":"We propose a compositional analysis method for synchronization flow in AIBO OPEN-R programs based on communicating processes. Concurrent objects of AIBO programs with the OPEN-RAPI are synchronized by two types of signals: ready and notify. Focusing on these signals, we describe abstract behavior of AIBO programs in the pi-calculus preserving the source code structure. We model-check deadlock freeness and interactions order of AIBO programs based on this abstract behavior. Since a primary issue in model-checking is the state space explosion in the behavioral model, we present a decomposing method to reduce the combination of states of concurrent objects. Since our translation to the pi-calculus preserves the syntactical structure of source code, when a counter-example is pointed out, our method enables not only to detect the violation of property of the whole system, but also to point out which component may cause the violation. We developed a prototype translator from AIBO OPEN-R programs to abstract description in the pi-calculus. We show that an application of our decomposing method enables to practically model- check properties by existing tools in two examples of AIBO programs.","PeriodicalId":273688,"journal":{"name":"14th Asia-Pacific Software Engineering Conference (APSEC'07)","volume":"262 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133805022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Accountability and Traceability in Global Software Engineering (ATGSE2007)","authors":"Katsuro Inoue, Mike Barker","doi":"10.1109/APSEC.2007.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APSEC.2007.16","url":null,"abstract":"An Overview of the new workshop on Accountability and Traceability in Global Software Engineering (ATGSE2007) will be introduced here.","PeriodicalId":273688,"journal":{"name":"14th Asia-Pacific Software Engineering Conference (APSEC'07)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133441154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Problem Frames Approach to Software Engineering","authors":"M. Jackson","doi":"10.1109/APSEC.2007.91","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APSEC.2007.91","url":null,"abstract":"Software-intensive systems are those in which the computer executing the software is only one of the parts of the system. Problem frames offer a conceptual structure for the development of such systems: that is, a coherent way of analysing the problem to be solved, identifying the concerns and difficulties that it poses, and working towards a solution. This tutorial present the basic ideas of problem frames, illustrating them in the context of a small software-intensive system. The basic ideas of the approach are: 1. to attend both to the hardware/software machine, which is to be developed, and to the other system parts, which constitute the problem world; 2. to distinguish the given properties of the problem world from the requirements, which are the properties that the machine must establish and maintain in the world; 3. to pay careful attention to the phenomena of the problem world; 4. to structure the development problem as a set of subproblems, and to consider each subproblem in isolation before considering the composition of the subproblems and their solutions; 5. so far as possible, to recognise each subproblem as a member of a recognised class for which a solution method is known and whose most important concerns have been identified. Problem frames are not a notation or a calculus or a formalism; nor are they a development method or a process. They can fit with, into, or around specific techniques (such as agile or RUP) and specific notations (such as UML, Petri nets, or DFDs). Problem frames do not promise a prescription for every problem; nor do they promise a complete prescription for any problem. They remind you of things you know already, but may not always pay enough attention to.","PeriodicalId":273688,"journal":{"name":"14th Asia-Pacific Software Engineering Conference (APSEC'07)","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122886634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Statechart-based Verification of Object-Oriented Design Models","authors":"Toshiaki Aoki, T. Katayama","doi":"10.1109/APSEC.2007.86","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APSEC.2007.86","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, design models that precise behavior of objects is specified are proposed. Though, currently, they are mainly used for their execution and automatic source code generation, they also have potential to allow us to verify them in the design phase. In this paper, we propose a method to verify such design models in the design phase. In addition, we adopt theorem proving systems to rigorously and efficiently verify it.","PeriodicalId":273688,"journal":{"name":"14th Asia-Pacific Software Engineering Conference (APSEC'07)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125781115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Aligning the Map Requirements Modelling with the B-method for Formal Software Development","authors":"A. Babar, V. Tosic, John Michael Potter","doi":"10.1109/APSEC.2007.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APSEC.2007.17","url":null,"abstract":"We present a software development approach that aligns a requirements elicitation technique with a formal method of software specification abstraction. The goal/strategy modeling technique Map augmented with Jackson's context diagrams (representing environment) is used to elicit requirements and the B-method is used to translate Map requirements into formal specifications. Comprehensive tool support allows the B-method to refine and implement the specification correctly. Our approach brings improvement to an approach that uses generic requirements for rigorous software development. The resulting specification model bridges the gap between software requirements and formal specifications and supports automatic refinement of strategic requirements into software code. To illustrate how our approach bridges this gap, we discuss the Point of Sale (PoS) requirements model of Seven Eleven Japan (SEJ).","PeriodicalId":273688,"journal":{"name":"14th Asia-Pacific Software Engineering Conference (APSEC'07)","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126662712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Towards Instant Automatic Model Refinement Based on OCL","authors":"Hui Song, Yanchun Sun, Li Zhou, Gang Huang","doi":"10.1109/APSEC.2007.96","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APSEC.2007.96","url":null,"abstract":"Model refinement is a complex task. It is difficult for developers to refine models all by themselves. A good modeling tool should not only do routine refinement work for developers, but also guide them to make decisions during the refinement process. Such refinement work is best done by modeling tools instantly while developers refine models, to provide timely assistance. In this paper, we present a general approach for meta-model designers or experts in different fields to define and describe such automatic refinement work by rules, and these rules can instruct the modeling tool to do the refinement work instantly, whenever the developers modify the model. The automatic refinement rules in our approach are based on OCL, and their semantics and behaviors are formally defined by using Dijkstra's guarded commands, so the rules are compact, unambiguous and reliable to use. We have also implemented the editor and the interpreter for the automatic refinement rules, and integrated them into our own modeling tool to support our approach.","PeriodicalId":273688,"journal":{"name":"14th Asia-Pacific Software Engineering Conference (APSEC'07)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129568791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}