Science and Technology for Energy Transition最新文献

{"title":"Sliding Mode Sensorless Control of Wind Turbine Pitch Motor with ESO Feedforward Compensation in the Offshore Wind Power System","authors":"Chen Dehai，Zhang Jixiang, Zhang Tian","doi":"10.2516/stet/2024009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2516/stet/2024009","url":null,"abstract":"In order to improve the dynamic performance of the control system, a variable frequency sliding mode non-inductive control strategy based on ESO feedforward compensation was proposed in order to improve the disturbance and jitter problems of pitch motor in offshore wind power generation system. The fast exponential approximation law is designed in the velocity loop, and the integrated sliding surface is adopted, which reduces the steady-state error of the traditional sliding surface and weakens the jitter phenomenon of the moving point on the sliding surface. The traditional sliding mode observer is improved, and the variable cut-off frequency filter is used instead of the low-pass filter in the filtering process to filter the signals of each speed band. At the same time, in order to estimate the disturbances in the system, the LESO is designed to observe and compensate for the unknown disturbances, which improves the robustness of the system. The simulation results show that the control strategy in this paper solves the problems of traditional sliding mode control, which not only shortens the response time of the system, but also significantly improves the anti-disturbance performance of the system, and the overall effect is significantly improved.","PeriodicalId":272133,"journal":{"name":"Science and Technology for Energy Transition","volume":"6 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139808857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Active and Passive acoustic logging applied to the detection of preferential flow in a sedimentary aquifer","authors":"Jean Luc Mari, Frederick Delay, Christophe Voisin, Pierre Gaudiani","doi":"10.2516/stet/2023018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2516/stet/2023018","url":null,"abstract":"Two boreholes of an experimental site located in the Cher region (France) were investigated via Full Waveform Acoustic Logging (FWAL). The acoustic tool used for the FWAL experiments is a flexible monopole tool holding two pairs of piezoelectric receivers and a magnetostrictive transducer. The tool was modified to perform both active and passive FWAL. To our knowledge, this change is a novelty. For passive acoustic logging, several runs were recorded to obtain a set of acoustic noise sections from which noise Root Mean Squared (RMS) amplitude logs and spectral amplitude logs in different frequency bandwidths were computed. The acoustic logs resulting from passive acoustic monitoring were compared with P-wave acoustic velocity, core data, and a flowmeter log. It is shown that: (1) the distribution of noise frequencies in the 0–5 kHz is strongly correlated with the variations of the flowmeter, (2) the distribution of noise frequencies and noise RMS amplitude is correlated with the lithology (core description), and the P-wave velocity log. As the noise is simultaneously recorded by two receivers of the tool, an interference noise section was elaborated by correlating and summing pairs of acoustic traces at each depth. This procedure, which can be interpreted as an interferometry analysis, points out the presence of low-frequency waves identified as Stoneley waves. It is shown that the Stoneley wave velocity obtained in passive mode can be used to estimate the shear velocity of the formation.","PeriodicalId":272133,"journal":{"name":"Science and Technology for Energy Transition","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135442802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metamodeling the optimal total revenues of the short-term optimization of a hydropower cascade under uncertainty","authors":"Antoine Piguet, Astrig Benefice, Guillaume Bontron, Céline Helbert, Grégory Vial","doi":"10.2516/stet/2023026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2516/stet/2023026","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with the optimization of the short-term production planning of a real cascade of run-of-river hydropower plants. Water inflows and electricity prices are subject to data uncertainty and they are modeled by a finite set of joint scenarios. The optimization problem is written with a two-stage stochastic dynamic mixed-integer linear programming formulation. This problem is solved by replacing the value function of the second stage with a surrogate model. We propose to evaluate the feasibility of fitting the surrogate model by supervised learning during a pre-processing step. The learning data set is constructed by Latin hypercube sampling after discretizing the functional inputs. The surrogate model is chosen among linear models and the dimension of the functional inputs is reduced by principal components analysis. Validation results for one simplified case study are encouraging. The methodology could however be improved to reduce the prediction errors and to be compatible with the time limit of the operational process.","PeriodicalId":272133,"journal":{"name":"Science and Technology for Energy Transition","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135262556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental results of a waste-heat powered thermoacoustic refrigeration system for ships","authors":"Jonas Thiaucourt, Pedro Merino Laso, Bruno Eon","doi":"10.2516/stet/2023022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2516/stet/2023022","url":null,"abstract":"Greenhouse gas emissions are a major concern for maritime transport. The International Maritime Organization (IMO) presents Waste Heat Recovery Systems (WHRS) from engine exhaust gas as a viable solution to improve energy utilization and reduce greenhouse gas emissions for marine power plants. In this paper, we present an original thermoacoustic WHRS and its associated experimental setup for validation. This WHRS aims to transport heat from a lower to a higher temperature reservoir (heat pump) and maintain a fridge at 0 °C. For the experimental setup, exhaust gases from a 4-stroke marine diesel engine are used to generate pressure waves (work) in thermoacoustic engines. The main result is the Coefficient of Performance (COP) of the system, around 0.3, assessed for various cold loads. The first results estimate that the system could substitute part of the chiller cold production onboard. Also, a preliminary economic analysis suggests that this system could perform 2% fuel savings that allow for a payback time below one year.","PeriodicalId":272133,"journal":{"name":"Science and Technology for Energy Transition","volume":"157 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135401338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Natural H₂ exploration: tools and workflows to characterize a play","authors":"Dan Lévy, Vincent Roche, Gabriel Pasquet, Valentine Combaudon, Ugo Geymond, Keanu Loiseau, Isabelle Moretti","doi":"10.2516/stet/2023021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2516/stet/2023021","url":null,"abstract":"Natural dihydrogen (H 2 ) exploration is now active in various countries, but tools and workflows that help to characterize prospective zones are still poorly defined. This review paper is dedicated to share our experience in characterizing H 2 plays based on exploration efforts carried out in many countries in Europe, North and South America, Africa, and Oceania between 2017 and 2023. We decided to focus on onshore exploration where three main reactions are generating H 2 : (i) redox reactions between Fe 2+ and H 2 O, (ii) radiolysis of water and, (iii) organic late maturation where H 2 comes from hydrocarbons. This leads to classify the H 2 generating rocks (H 2 _GR) into four types that seem us the more likely to be of economic interest: basic and ultrabasic rocks of oceanic/mantellic affinity (H 2 _GR1), iron-rich bearing sedimentary and intrusive rocks, (H 2 _GR2), radioactive continental rocks (H 2 _GR3) and organic matter-rich rocks (H 2 _GR4). For the pre-fieldwork, the workflow aims to target new promising areas for H 2 exploration. Cross-referencing the presence of H 2 _GR in the basement, classical geological-hydrodynamic features (fault, water source), and already-known H 2 occurrences at the surface remain essential but should be accompanied by remote sensing analyses to detect possible H 2 occurrences. For the fieldwork, the focus is made on gas and rocks. A discussion is led concerning the importance of punctual measurements and long-term monitoring of gas seepages, that allow to conclude on dynamics of H 2 leakage from depth through space and time. For the post-fieldwork, we present the most useful analytical tools to characterize H 2 gas seepages and the suspected H 2 _GR. The critical parameters to estimate the H 2 potential of a rock are the content in Fe 2+ /Fe tot (H 2 _GR1 and H 2 _GR2), the content of radioactive elements U, Th, K (H 2 _GR3), and the total organic content (H 2 _GR4). The hydrogen exploration is in its infancy and all the profession is attempting to define an automated and fast workflow. We are still far away from it due to a lack of data, yet this review presents a practical guide based on the current knowledge.","PeriodicalId":272133,"journal":{"name":"Science and Technology for Energy Transition","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136305732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Carnot</i>: a thermodynamic library for energy industries","authors":"Jean-Charles de Hemptinne, Nicolas Ferrando, Martha Hajiw-Riberaud, Véronique Lachet, Saheb Maghsoodloo, Pascal Mougin, Tri Dat Ngo, Laurent Pigeon, Jose Romero Yanes, Aurélie Wender","doi":"10.2516/stet/2023023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2516/stet/2023023","url":null,"abstract":"For more than twenty years, IFP Energies Nouvelles has been developing the thermodynamic library Carnot . While devoted to the origin of the oil and gas industry, Carnot is now focused on applications related to the new technologies of energy for an industry emphasizing decarbonization and sustainability, such as CCUS, biomass, geothermal, hydrogen, or plastic and metal recycling. Carnot contains several dozens of predictive and correlative thermodynamic models, including well-established and more recent equations of state and activity coefficient models, as well as many specific models to calculate phase properties. Carnot also contains a dozen flash algorithms making possible the computation of various types of phase equilibrium, including not only two-phase and three-phase fluid equilibria but also configurations with reactive systems and with solid phases such as hydrates, wax, asphaltene, or salts. The library Carnot has a double role: first, it is a standalone toolbox for thermodynamic research and development studies. Coupled with an optimization tool, it allows to develop new thermodynamic models and to propose specific parameterizations adapted to any context. Secondly, Carnot is used as the thermodynamic engine of commercial software, such as Carbone ™ , Converge ™ , TemisFlow ™ , CooresFlow ™ or Moldi ™ . Through this software, several hundreds of end-users are nowadays performing their thermodynamic calculations with Carnot . It has also been directly applied to design industrial processes such as the DMX ™ process for CO 2 capture, the ATOL ® and BioButterFly ™ solutions for bio-olefins production, and Futurol ™ and BioTFuel ™ for biofuels production. In this context, this article presents some significant realizations made with Carnot for both R&amp;D and industrial applications, more specifically in the fields of CO 2 capture and storage, flow assurance, chemistry, and geoscience.","PeriodicalId":272133,"journal":{"name":"Science and Technology for Energy Transition","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135059059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Titanium dioxide Ag NP enhanced solid solar cell electrodes for favourable efficiency","authors":"David K. Njoroge","doi":"10.2516/stet/2023024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2516/stet/2023024","url":null,"abstract":"Population growth leads to a heightened demand for working potential to support modern commercial and residential evolutions. Available conventional energy sources, however, cause environmental pollution and severe health problems like global warming. The current energy sources also face challenges due to factors like global warming that make hydro-generated energy production even more difficult due to droughts. Therefore, alternative energy options need to be explored. The study in question aimed to find a cost-effective and environmentally friendly energy source by fabricating a solar cell that uses titanium dioxide and potassium iodate (mixed in carbon) layers in a solidified structure. TiO 2 was chosen due to its photo-generating properties and synthetic steadiness over a spread acidity/basicity neutrality. The iodine/iodide complex was used to replenish the photo-excited electrons while graphite facilitated their migration. The researchers varied the ingredients capacities for the separate electrodes keeping the rest unvaried for improved ( I - V ) terminal parameters. Deduction from the research established that the (0.4:0.3:0.17:0.01) TiO 2 /C X :I 2 :KI proportions resulted in the optimum charge range generation. The inclusion of potassium iodate (KI) improved iodine solvability and facilitated even dispersal in graphite, which was maintained at 0.01 g in all cells. The absorber and receptive layer thicknesses of 2.00 mm and 1.00 mm respectively generated the best 0.979 V open-circuit voltage ( V oc ) and 12.037 μA short-circuit current ( I sc) results. Favorable (10.46%) efficiency ( η ) and (0.64) fill factor (FF) were derived. Conducting transparent glass was suggested for improving the linkage to the external circuit and models of reducing air pockets in the solid TiO 2 photovoltaic devices could further enhance their performance.","PeriodicalId":272133,"journal":{"name":"Science and Technology for Energy Transition","volume":"115 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135910435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A (NiMnCo)-Metal-Organic Framework (MOF) as active material for Lithium-ion battery electrodes","authors":"Marine Cognet, Thibaut Gutel, David Peralta, Jerome Maynadié, Julien Cambedouzou, Michaël Carboni, Daniel Meyer","doi":"10.2516/stet/2023031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2516/stet/2023031","url":null,"abstract":"A (NiMnCo)-Metal-Organic Framework and its oxidized and pyrolysed derivatives have been tested as electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries. Materials have been fully characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), powder X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Thermogravimetric Analyses (TGA), Infrared (IR) spectroscopy and electrochemical properties have been determined in coin cells using lithium metal as the counter electrode. Studies have revealed specific capacities of 860 mAh g −1 and 800 mAh g −1 at 15 mA g −1 respectively for the MOF and the oxide (690 and 190 mAh g −1 after 50 cycles) whereas the corresponding pyrolysed compound has shown limited electrochemical performances. Ex situ XRD has been performed to highlight the evolution of the material structure during cycling. These results show that electrochemical storage is based on a conversion reaction.","PeriodicalId":272133,"journal":{"name":"Science and Technology for Energy Transition","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135704338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reactive voltage control strategy of distribution network considering the reliability of photovoltaic power supply","authors":"Jifeng Liang, Tiecheng Li, Rui Zhang, Liangyuan Dong","doi":"10.2516/stet/2023032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2516/stet/2023032","url":null,"abstract":"Photovoltaic power actively regulates the reactive power of the active distribution network, leading to the increase of output current of the photovoltaic inverter. Consequently, the temperature rise significantly impacts the maximum junction temperature of the Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT), leading to fluctuations in the junction temperature. To realize the active support of the reactive power of the photovoltaic power supply and ensure its reliable operation, a reactive voltage control strategy of the active distribution network considering the reliability of the photovoltaic power supply is proposed. Considering the reactive power support capability of the distributed photovoltaic power, a multi-objective reactive power optimization model for active distribution networks is established based on IGBT maximum junction temperature, distribution network losses, and photovoltaic active power reduction. The effectiveness of the proposed strategy in enhancing the minimum lifetime, average lifetime, and reliability of photovoltaic power sources is verified using the IEEE 33-node standard distribution system. The results show that under the strategy proposed in this paper, the average junction temperature and junction temperature fluctuation of IGBT are effectively reduced, and the minimum lifetime and average lifetime of all IGBTs are increased by 8 years and 4 years respectively.","PeriodicalId":272133,"journal":{"name":"Science and Technology for Energy Transition","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135710962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An equation of state and a phase diagram for gas-hydrate-forming slurries in gas-shortage","authors":"Michel Pons","doi":"10.2516/stet/2023027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2516/stet/2023027","url":null,"abstract":"Slurries of gas hydrates, especially mixed hydrates of CO 2 and TBPB (Tetra-n-Butyl Phosphonium Bromide), are currently under consideration for secondary refrigeration. Secondary refrigeration circuits contain wide sections where the two-phase slurry (solid + liquid), separated from the gas phase, undergoes transformations that would if gas were present, lead to both hydrate formation and gas dissolution. The absence of gas hinders these processes: the slurry is in gas shortage . The analysis demonstrates that, although thermodynamically distant from three-phase equilibria, slurries in gas-shortage are in equilibrium. For describing their thermodynamic state, the notion of CO 2 partial pressure in a gas mixture is introduced, which leads to an equation of state and a new phase diagram with temperature or enthalpy versus CO 2 mass-fraction. This diagram complements those commonly used for three-phase systems. The thermal behavior of slurries in gas shortage is then investigated, leading to the possibility of future experimental validation of the present analysis.","PeriodicalId":272133,"journal":{"name":"Science and Technology for Energy Transition","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135053198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}