Science and Technology for Energy Transition最新文献

{"title":"Integrating multiple vehicle drivetrains into an energy system simulation model for Japan","authors":"Miguel Esteban, Kristina Knüpfer, Nicolas Rogalski, Andreas Knüpfer, T. Shibayama","doi":"10.2516/stet/2024037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2516/stet/2024037","url":null,"abstract":"To reduce the impact of climate change, the Japanese economy has set mitigation goals that include the decarbonisation of the energy sector and the electrification of transport. As a result, zero-emission vehicles could change the electricity demand curve and need to be integrated into energy system models to estimate their impact and any opportunities or challenges they represent to grid stability. While previous studies have integrated single vehicle technologies in the simulation of country-level energy grids, the present study improves on available models by integrating a country-level energy system model with a transmission grid, while considering two different drivetrains and improving on the diversity of the vehicle movement patterns considered. The simulation model results highlight that the electricity demand of each drivetrain is distinct, with a midday peak for battery electric vehicles and less pronounced morning and afternoon peaks for fuel cell electric vehicles. An important conclusion is that the infrastructure setup and associated use rules can be expected to significantly impact transport demand curves, indicating the need to further investigate how policy changes can impact on the overall configuration of the energy mix.","PeriodicalId":272133,"journal":{"name":"Science and Technology for Energy Transition","volume":"78 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141101574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Production and Optimization Study of Biodiesel Produced from Non-edible Seed Oil","authors":"Muhammad Ammad Jamil","doi":"10.2516/stet/2024036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2516/stet/2024036","url":null,"abstract":"The fuel demand is increasing globally. The conventional fuel is toxic and causes global warming and pollution. Therefore, biodiesel is being used as the alternative to petroleum fuel because it is non-toxic and can be renewable. Nowadays, non-edible feedstock is gaining more attention for the production of biodiesel because it can grow anywhere on land, have low cost, and doesn’t cause an imbalance in the food economy. This study deals with the biodiesel production and optimization of biodiesel from Ricinus communis oil using sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and potassium hydroxide (KOH) as solid base catalyst. The free fatty acid content (22.14 % mg KOH/g) of castor oil calculated before transesterification indicated that the pretreatment of raw oil with acid was required for biodiesel synthesis. Therefore, the esterification process was used to reduce the free fatty acid content of castor oil from 22.14% to 0.84%. After that, the transesterification process was used for production of biodiesel using a catalyst (NaOH and KOH). The four different parameter reactions (i.e. Ratio (alcohol to oil), Time, Temperature, and catalyst amount) were used to optimize the yield of biodiesel production. Firstly, NaOH was used as the catalyst and different reactions were done by making changes in all parameters to get maximum yield. The same procedure was done to get maximum yield using KOH as the catalyst. The maximum yield obtained using NaOH and KOH was 94.6 % and 96.2% respectively. In the future, the properties of biodiesel on different parameters can be analyzed and also can be used as a diesel engine to check the working of the engine.","PeriodicalId":272133,"journal":{"name":"Science and Technology for Energy Transition","volume":"12 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141098775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbon Emission Measurement Method of Regional Power System Based on LSTM-Attention Model","authors":"fanfan yu, Chao Liu, Xinzhong Tang, Delong Zhang, Yubo Wang, Jing Li","doi":"10.2516/stet/2024035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2516/stet/2024035","url":null,"abstract":"With the acceleration of the green and low-carbon transformation of the power system, it is very important to calculate and analyze the carbon emissions of the urban power system. In order to effectively grasp the carbon emission distribution of power system and reduce the carbon emission of power system, this paper proposes a systematic carbon emission measurement method for regional power system. Firstly, the quantitative analysis model of driving factors for regional power system carbon emissions is constructed, and the direction and measures of low-carbon transformation and green collaborative development of regional power system are proposed. Secondly, energy consumption scenarios under different constraints are established to support the collaborative control path of CO2. It provides key data and a theoretical basis for the low-carbon development of the power industry. Finally, a systematic carbon emission measurement method based on LSTM-Attention is proposed. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by an example analysis, and the effective path of carbon emission reduction in the future is analyzed.","PeriodicalId":272133,"journal":{"name":"Science and Technology for Energy Transition","volume":"64 25","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141110394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced Randomized Harris Hawk Optimization of PI Controller for Power Flow Control in the Microgrid with the PV-Wind-Battery System","authors":"Pavan Gollapudi, ramesh babu A","doi":"10.2516/stet/2024034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2516/stet/2024034","url":null,"abstract":"Microgrids, characterized by their ability to work individually or in combination with the main power system, play a pivotal role in addressing the growing demand for reliable and sustainable energy solutions. This work concentrates on the integration of sustainable energy sources, specifically photovoltaic (PV), and wind generation and a battery storage system within a microgrid framework. Additionally, a power flow control strategy is implemented to enhance the dynamic behaviour and stability of the microgrid. The proportional-integral (PI) controller is a fundamental component in regulating the microgrid's power flow, ensuring optimal performance under varying operating conditions. However, tuning the PI controller parameters is a difficult task because of the dynamic and nonlinear nature of renewable energy sources. In this work, the application of the Enhanced Randomized Harris Hawk Optimization (HHO) to fine-tune the PI controller is proposed, using the algorithm's ability to mimic the hunting behaviour of hawks in finding optimal solutions. The PV-Wind-Battery microgrid system is modelled, and the proposed algorithm is employed to optimize the PI controller parameters for efficient energy management. The ERHHO algorithm's exploration-exploitation balance is harnessed to navigate the complex solution space and converge to optimal PI controller settings, thereby enhancing the microgrid's stability and performance. The study evaluates the effectiveness of the proposed Enhanced Randomized Harris Hawk Optimization-based PI controller tuning through comprehensive simulations. Performance metrics such as transient response, overshoot, settling time, and steady-state error are analysed to validate the robustness and efficiency of the proposed method. The outcomes of this research contribute to the advancement of microgrid control strategies, offering a novel approach to PI controller tuning in the context of diverse renewable energy sources. The integration of the Harris Hawk Optimization algorithm provides a promising avenue for enhancing the operational efficiency and reliability of microgrids, paving the way for sustainable and resilient energy systems in the aspect of growing energy landscapes.","PeriodicalId":272133,"journal":{"name":"Science and Technology for Energy Transition","volume":"51 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140970450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Active heating of greenhouse integrated semitransparent photovoltaic thermal system with series connected semitransparent photovoltaic thermal air collectors","authors":"Gopal Nath Tiwari, Shikha Singh, Sonali Kalkar","doi":"10.2516/stet/2024032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2516/stet/2024032","url":null,"abstract":"In order to fulfill the demand of energy and food security, active heating of controlled environment greenhouse integrated semitransparent photovoltaic thermal (GiSPVT) system with N-semitransparent photovoltaic thermal (SPVT) air collector for cold climatic condition has been analyzed in this paper. The proposed SPVT air collectors are connected in series and integrated with GiSPVT. It is used to generate thermal as well electrical energy to meet daily requirement of users. Based on energy balance equation which is a function of design and climatic parameters, an analytical expression for various variable parameters namely plant, room air and solar cell temperatures have been derived. Numerical computation has been made in Matlab for computing thermal, electrical and overall exergy of the proposed system. Based on numerical computation, the following observations have been made:\u0000(i) From thermal point of view, the packing factor (0.5, 0.8) of semitransparent PV module plays an important role and it has to be optimized for maximum thermal heating. \u0000(ii) The selection of number of collector N is an important parameter to generate electrical energy as well as thermal heating of GiSPVT room air in an optimum way. \u0000","PeriodicalId":272133,"journal":{"name":"Science and Technology for Energy Transition","volume":"42 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140981346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Ethanol addition to Diesel-Biodiesel blends on the CI engine characteristics","authors":"Ridha Ennetta, F. Hamdi, Ilhem Yahya, Mehrez Gassoumi, Z. Boutar, Raja Mazuir Raja Ahsan Shah, Mansour Al Qubeissi, Hakan Serhad Soyhan","doi":"10.2516/stet/2024033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2516/stet/2024033","url":null,"abstract":"This research work investigates the effects of adding ethanol to biodiesel-diesel blends on the performance and emissions of a single-cylinder, four-stroke, air-cooled compression-ignition engine. The engine was half loaded within a speed range 1000-2500 rpm. Four different fuel blends are considered: B0 (no biodiesel or ethanol), B10 (10% biodiesel), B10E2.5 (10% biodiesel with 2.5% ethanol), and B10E5 (10% biodiesel with 5% ethanol). The findings show that adding biodiesel slightly affects the engine power at low and medium speeds but increases power by approximately 6% at high speeds. Ethanol addition has a more significant impact, with an increase in engine power of 16% at 1700 rpm and 13% at 2500 rpm for 2.5% and 5% ethanol blends, respectively. All blends show an increase in brake mean effective pressure (BMEP) compared to B0, with the maximum enhancement observed in B10 with an average increase of 13% across all speeds. Specific fuel consumption is reduced with both biodiesel and ethanol addition, with a slight advantage for biodiesel, particularly at low and medium speeds. Thermal efficiency shows a reverse behaviour, with a small negative impact of ethanol addition. Biodiesel addition significantly increases carbon monoxide (CO) emissions, reaching an average of 190% across all speeds. However, adding ethanol helps mitigate this increase, especially at low and medium speeds, with an average decrease of 32% for 2.5% ethanol blend compared to B0. Carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions are reduced with biodiesel addition, and further reduced with ethanol addition. Overall, CO2 and NOx emissions are reduced with both biodiesel and ethanol addition.","PeriodicalId":272133,"journal":{"name":"Science and Technology for Energy Transition","volume":"4 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141004546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimisation of Exhaust Emissions, Vibration, and Noise of Unmodified Diesel Engine Fuelled with Canola Biodiesel-Diesel Blends with Natural Gas Addition by Using Response Surface Methodology","authors":"Ceyla Özgür, Erinç Uludamar, Hakan Serhad Soyhan, Raja Mazuir Raja Ahsan Shah","doi":"10.2516/stet/2024031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2516/stet/2024031","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents methods to determine the optimum input parameters of CNG addition, biodiesel blend ratio, and engine speed to improve engine responses in terms of exhaust emissions, vibration, and noise of CNG-biodiesel-diesel fuelled engine. Box-Behnken based on response surface methodology was used to predict and optimise input parameters. Variance analysis was applied to determine the significant relationship between the input parameters and engine responses. At optimum input parameters (CNG addition=9.24 L/min, biodiesel blend ratio=40%, engine speed=1524.24 rpm), the optimum engine responses of NOx, CO, CO2, O2, engine vibration acceleration, and noise were 93.77 ppm, 438.05 ppm, 1.47%, 18.59%, 37.17 m/s2 and 91.34 dB[A], respectively. In terms of coefficient determination of R2, the values were 99.11%, 99.22%, 99.41%, 99.70%, 98.65%, and 98.60% respectively. The correlation between the optimised result and the engine test result showed an acceptable error limit for NOx, CO, CO2, O2, engine vibration acceleration, and noise as 4.2%, 3.8%, 4.9%, 0.25%, 4.12%, and 0.17%, respectively.","PeriodicalId":272133,"journal":{"name":"Science and Technology for Energy Transition","volume":"92 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141034672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real time simulation of a new design of a smart and fast Electric Vehicle charger using OPAL-RT","authors":"Hanen Messaoudi, Manef Borogaoui, Afef Bennani-Ben Abdelghani","doi":"10.2516/stet/2024029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2516/stet/2024029","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the growing global adoption of electric vehicles (EVs), there is a pressing demand for the development of charging infrastructure that offers enhanced performance while reducing the charging time to cater to these vehicles. Combining innovative fast and smart charging technologies can result in a cost-efficient charging solution, an optimized energy usage and reduced charging time for EVs. This paper proposes a new design of a smart and fast charger for EV battery made of a Vienna Rectifier (VR) and an isolated Dual Active Bridge (DAB) converter. The proposed charger enables intelligent data flow between the battery and the charger thanks to the CHAdeMO charging protocol. To validate the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed charger, the results of real-time simulations performed on OPAL-RT platform are presented.","PeriodicalId":272133,"journal":{"name":"Science and Technology for Energy Transition","volume":"10 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140671333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimal Frequency determination for Wind-Hydro hybrid unit using Telegrapher’s Method for Low frequency transmission lines","authors":"M. Anand, Debashis Chatterjee, Swapan Kumar Goswami","doi":"10.2516/stet/2024030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2516/stet/2024030","url":null,"abstract":"This study addresses the optimal load flow problem for low-frequency transmission lines connected to wind farms and pumped storage Hydropower (PSH). The losses in LF-HVac system and the voltage stability index heavily dependent on the operating frequency. Therefore, an optimal load flow (OLF) method must be incorporated to determine the proper solutions for these systems. This system analyses the load flow solutions in which newton Raphson with STATCOM requires large vector calculations with variables. So, to reduce the mathematical calculation a two-port equivalent model for transmission lines based on solutions to Telegrapher’s method has been proposed. The proposed OLF method is tested with other algorithms and implemented in IEEE 39-BUS system. The results obtained indicate that the LF method with the proposed metaheuristic algorithm gives optimal frequency for low-frequency HVac systems while maintaining the stability of system.","PeriodicalId":272133,"journal":{"name":"Science and Technology for Energy Transition","volume":"44 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140670766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling Reactive Flow Dynamics of Gelled Acid in Fracture-Vuggy Carbonates: A Coupled Thermal-Hydrological-Chemical Simulation","authors":"Xue Kong, Piyang Liu, Kai Zhang, Jun Yao, Zhaoqin Huang","doi":"10.2516/stet/2024028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2516/stet/2024028","url":null,"abstract":"In engineering, gelled acids play a crucial role in facilitating reactive flow phenomena across diverse mediums. This study undertakes a comprehensive numerical investigation into the reactive flow dynamics within fracture-vuggy carbonates, employing gelled acid as the agent. The mathematical model intricately couples thermal, hydrological, and chemical aspects to provide a holistic understanding of the process. Fractures are meticulously modeled using a pseudo-fracture approach, while vugs are delineated as highly porous matrix clusters. The simulation meticulously examines the influence of vugs and fractures, in conjunction with the rheological behavior of gelled acid, on the dissolution process. Our findings reveal that compared to hydrochloric acid, gelled acid is more effective in treating high-temperature carbonate rocks. A lower power law index induces a more pronounced response in shear stress, resulting in a more uniform dissolution pattern. Moreover, the presence of vugs and fractures exerts a significant impact on both the trajectory of wormhole growth and its penetration depth. As the length of fractures increases and their number multiplies, their dominant influence on the growth of wormholes becomes more pronounced. Furthermore, an abundance of fractures may attenuate the influence of vugs. This study highlights the importance of controlling the power-law index and understanding the complex interactions between fractures and vugs for reactive flow.","PeriodicalId":272133,"journal":{"name":"Science and Technology for Energy Transition","volume":" 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140690006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}