Chemical Engineering Science最新文献

{"title":"Spreading, rebounding, and migrating characteristics of a droplet impact on a vibrating hybrid-wettability surface","authors":"Shihe Zhou, Min Li, Congluo Yang, Quan Yuan, Gangtao Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2025.121793","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2025.121793","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the dynamics of droplet impact on vibrating hybrid-wettability surfaces are investigated through integrated experimental and numerical approaches, and the effects of frequency, initial phase angle, amplitude, and direction of the surface vibration on the asymmetric spreading, partial rebounding, and migration characteristics of droplet are investigated. Results indicate that the morphological evolution of post-impact droplet is significantly influenced by the vibration parameters. At small amplitudes, the droplet can remain intact, evolving similarly to that on a static surface but with different time and spatial scales. As the amplitude increases, the droplet undergoes greater deformation upon impact, leading to bottom splitting and/or upward breakup. The initial phase angle <em>φ</em> is a key determinant of droplet impact dynamics and interacts with frequency. Under the vertical vibration, the maximum spreading factor of the droplet is greatest at <em>φ</em> = 270° and smallest at <em>φ</em> = 90°. Over a wide range of initial phase angles, vertical vibration tends to increase the time of partial rebounding and the maximum height of the droplet. For all phase angles, droplet migration speeds are higher at a frequency of 120 Hz than that on a static surface. Horizontal vibration of the surface results in lower average migration speeds than vertical vibration at <em>φ</em> = 90°. At larger amplitudes, vertical vibration can promote droplet migration within a certain frequency range, while horizontal vibration may exert a suppressive effect. This study could provide valuable insights for a scientific understanding of the dynamics of droplet impacting a vibrating heterogeneous surface.","PeriodicalId":271,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Science","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143926930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling of radial heat transfer in cooled fixed-bed reactors by one- and two-dimensional models: Fischer-Tropsch synthesis as a case study","authors":"Christoph Kern, Andreas Jess","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2025.121817","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2025.121817","url":null,"abstract":"New correlations for the overall heat transfer coefficient U_th, designed for use in one-dimensional reactor models for wall-cooled tubular fixed-bed reactors, are presented. These correlations are applicable for estimating both critical conditions related to thermal runaway and reactor performance under safe operating conditions. They were derived by comparing a 1D and a 2D model, initially for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) as a case study, and subsequently extended beyond this specific reaction system. Additionally, a novel approach is introduced for estimating critical runaway conditions without relying on a reactor model. This method is based solely on reaction kinetics, the effective thermal conductivity λ_rad, and the heat transfer coefficient α_wall, which accounts for heat transfer near the reactor wall.","PeriodicalId":271,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Science","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143927057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasonic synergistic oxidation technology: Kinetics and mechanism of germanium leaching from high-sulfur germanium-bearing dust","authors":"Leiting Song, Yiner Zeng, Jie Dai, Kehan Liu, Kun Yang, Libo Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2025.121795","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2025.121795","url":null,"abstract":"To improve the low germanium leaching efficiency and lengthy leaching time in the current two-stage sulfuric acid leaching process for high-sulfur germanium-bearing dust, this study applies ultrasonic-assisted H₂O₂ oxidative leaching. Ultrasound and H₂O₂ are introduced in the first stage of leaching, while ultrasound is incorporated in the second stage. Analysis shows that the dust particles consist of an inner core and an outer shell, with PbS at the interface acting as the primary barrier to enhanced germanium leaching. After optimizing conditions, germanium leaching efficiency reached 94.10%, a 11.26% increase over conventional methods. During the oxidative leaching process, the intrinsic oxidizing capacity of H₂O₂ plays a dominant role. The introduction of ultrasound promotes the decomposition of H₂O₂, generating a greater quantity of hydroxyl radicals (OH•), enhancing mass transfer, refining the grain structure, and disrupting Si-Ge co-precipitation. Kinetic studies reveal that the first stage of germanium leaching conforms to the phenomenological model, involving rapid dissolution and slow diffusion. Ultrasound combined with H₂O₂ reduces dissolution activation energy by 43.15% and diffusion activation energy by 22.88%. This study is dedicated to proposing an efficient and environmentally friendly germanium extraction technology to achieve comprehensive recovery and utilization of germanium resources.","PeriodicalId":271,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Science","volume":"106 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143910706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergetic modulation of bifunctional Ni-loaded micro-mesoporous HZSM-5/MCM-41 for catalytic cracking of n-butane","authors":"Qin Wu,&nbsp;Jiaqi Li,&nbsp;Shujun Jia,&nbsp;Yaoyuan Zhang,&nbsp;Daxin Shi,&nbsp;Kangcheng Chen,&nbsp;Hansheng Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2025.121796","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ces.2025.121796","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Butane, mainly derived from catalytic cracking in petroleum processing, has a low chemical utilization. Catalytic cracking of butane can improve the efficiency of butane utilization by producing ethylene and propylene. Herein, the bifunctional Ni-loaded HZSM-5/MCM-41 catalysts, which had dehydrogenation-cracking synergism and micro-mesoporous structure, were synthesized by the alkaline treatment of HZSM-5 and incipient wetness impregnation method. The structural and chemical characteristics of the Ni-HZSM-5/MCM-41 were systematically investigated. The catalytic performance of n-butane cracking was evaluated. The synergistic modulation of acid property regulation, micro-mesoporous regulation, and the introduction of Ni enhanced the performance of n-butane cracking. Compared with pure HZSM-5, the Ni-HZSM-5/MCM-41 had appropriate surface acid strength and acidic site distribution. The micro-mesoporous composite structure enhanced the resistance to carbon accumulation, the activation and dehydrogenation performance of alkanes with low temperatures, and the selectivity of light olefins. A reaction pathway was put forward for the catalytic cracking of n-butane on Ni-HZSM-5/MCM-41.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":271,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Science","volume":"314 ","pages":"Article 121796"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143915681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fluid Mechanics of cell transduction at various scales of pharmaceutical bioreactors","authors":"Mariia Timofeeva, Ellen Otte, Dalton J.E. Harvie","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2025.121798","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2025.121798","url":null,"abstract":"This study employs computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to analyse the scale-up of bioreactors used for lentiviral vector (LVV) transduction of hematopoietic stem cells. LVV transduction is used in the manufacture of many current and promising gene therapies. Two sizes of bioreactors are considered, containing liquid volumes of 0.5 mL and 60 mL, respectively. The smaller system consists of a well plate on a reciprocating shaker, as used in (for example) initial product development, while the larger commercial bioreactor consists of a larger cylindrical chamber that relies on intermittent vessel rotation for mixing. The simulations were validated using previously published experimental fluid dynamics data. Cell transduction efficiency was measured within the two reactors to compare against the fluid dynamics of the process obtained via CFD. Findings highlight the critical impact that local strain rates have on transduction efficiency. In the larger system, high rotational speeds push cells toward the vessel side walls, where a recirculation zone traps them in regions of elevated strain. This phenomenon correlates with lower transduction performance. Additionally, under these conditions in the larger system, the model predicts dewetting of the bottom reactor surface which reinforces outward cell movement and may directly further harm transduction efficiency. Transduction in the smaller system, and in the larger system at lower rotational speeds, is found to be superior to the larger system at higher rotational speeds, suggesting that the critical strain rate at which strain rate disrupts LVV transduction lies within the range of approximately 280 s⁻¹ to 2070 s⁻¹.","PeriodicalId":271,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Science","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143910710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation of anhydrate sugars from biomass via pyrolysis","authors":"Runxing Sun, Yuewen Shao, Linghui Kong, Shu Zhang, Xun Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2025.121786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2025.121786","url":null,"abstract":"Levoglucosan (LG) and levoglucosenone (LGO) are platform molecules derived from biomass, which have versatile applications in varied chemical industries. Selective production of LG and LGO from biomass remains a challenging process and much research effort is devoted to this research topic. For examples, pretreatment of biomass to remove inorganics with various acids is conducted for suppressing cracking of cellulose and for enhancing selectivity of LG and LGO. A number of mineral acids, salts, solid acids and carbon-based catalysts are also tried for guiding the conversion of cellulose to the direction of LG and LGO. Some process development such as microwave assisted pyrolysis and hydrothermal treatment is also proposed to further enhance production of LG and LGO. Nevertheless, production of LG and LGO from biomass has yet not reach the stage of commercialization as there are some remaining issues to be addressed, i.e. the selectivity to LG and LGO, their separation from bio-oil, the cost and environmental impact, etc. This review mainly revisits the progress in pretreatment of biomass for removing inorganics, varied catalysts and process developments for conversion of biomass to LG and LGO. The major challenges in production of LG and LGO from biomass and the potential solutions are discussed or proposed as well.","PeriodicalId":271,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143915683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on the Intrinsic correlation mechanism between stage oxidation characteristics and spontaneous combustion tendency of coals with different metamorphic degrees","authors":"Huang Ge ,&nbsp;Zhang Yongzhen ,&nbsp;Dai Fengwei ,&nbsp;Zhang Xun","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2025.121800","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ces.2025.121800","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explored the internal correlation mechanism between the stage oxidation characteristics and spontaneous combustion tendency of coals with different degrees of metamorphism.Through TG-DSC, in-situ infrared spectroscopy and programmed temperature-rise experiments, the patterns of oxygen consumption and heat release, gas generation and functional group changes during the spontaneous combustion process of coal were analyzed.The research indicates that before the ignition temperature, the coal-oxygen reaction is mainly the oxidation of aliphatic side chains and oxygen-containing active functional groups, mainly generating CO,CO₂,H₂O and -C=O. As the degree of coalification deepens, the content and reaction activity of aliphatic side chains decrease, and the characteristic temperature points of coal spontaneous combustion shift to higher temperatures.Meanwhile, the scale of “oxygen consumption-heat release-product”in the oxidation-pyrolysis stage decreases by about 36 %(in terms of heat release) to 70 %(in terms of CO generation), and the heat-release proportion in the combustion stage increases, with a maximum of 77.79 %. By using the Pearson correlation analysis method, it is obtained that the oxidative pyrolysis behavior of aliphatic side chains has a significant negative correlation with the spontaneous combustion tendency of coal(oxygen consumption R =-0.992, CO generation R =-0.978), confirming the dominant role of the oxidation of aliphatic side chains in coal spontaneous combustion.The study systematically correlates the macroscopic thermal effects, oxidation behaviors, gas products and micro-group evolution, determines that the content and reaction activity of aliphatic side chains are the core factors determining the differences in the spontaneous combustion tendency of coals,and is of great significance for the prediction and precise prevention and control of coal spontaneous combustion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":271,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Science","volume":"314 ","pages":"Article 121800"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143915680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Persulfate advanced oxidation based on a novel CeO2-Fe3O4 heterojunction catalyst for enhanced degradation of soil PAHs","authors":"Zhuoqun Deng ,&nbsp;Nianxi Wang ,&nbsp;Yang Wang ,&nbsp;Xujing Li ,&nbsp;Haixiang Li ,&nbsp;Dexun Zou ,&nbsp;Yanping Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2025.121797","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ces.2025.121797","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Due to the persistence and toxicity of PAHs, the accumulation of PAHs in soil causes environmental challenges. Utilizing nanoparticles to activate persulfate (PS) is an eco-friendly and cost-effective method for degrading PAHs. Herein, an advanced oxidation system with Fe₃O₄ and CeO₂ loaded on BC as PS activators (Fe₃O₄-Ce@BC/PS) has been constructed, achieving a total removal of 89.34 % of PAHs from soil at 48 h of reaction at room temperature. Notably, High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscope analysis confirmed the presence of a CeO₂-Fe₃O₄ heterojunction, and Density functional theory calculations further revealed the key function of this structure. It reduced the adsorption energy of PS (−4.03 eV), thereby improving its utilization efficiency. In addition, during the reaction process, <img>OH and SO₄<img>⁻ as the main active species collaborated with ¹O₂, O₂<img>⁻ and electron transfer to degrade PAHs. In a word, the Fe₃O₄-Ce@BC/PS system developed in this study provided an effective solution to the problem of PAHs-contaminated soil.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":271,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Science","volume":"314 ","pages":"Article 121797"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143910705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Iron-nickel borides on nickel foam for periodate-based oxidation","authors":"Yunjin Yao, Siyuan Wang, Xueyi Song, Yating Liu, Jingyi Wang, Shaobin Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2025.121801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2025.121801","url":null,"abstract":"Transition metal borides (TMBs) are promising Fenton-like catalysts due to their low cost, eco-friendliness, and high activity, but their application is hindered by poor conductivity and structural instability. Here we report a facile electroless plating method for the in-situ synthesis of iron-nickel borides on nickel foam (Fe-Ni-B@NF), without the use of oxidizing agents or additional nickel precursors. The resulting monolithic catalyst achieves 100 % removal of 2,4-dichlorophenol within 15 min under ambient conditions, exhibiting excellent activity and stability. The enhanced activity arises from the synergistic interactions among metal borides, bimetallic components, and the conductive substrate. Experimental and theoretical analyses reveal that boron-mediated reverse electron transfer promotes electron enrichment, facilitating donation to Fe(III)/Ni(III) species. The nickel foam enables efficient electron transport, exposes abundant active sites, and serves as an intrinsic nickel source. This integrated architecture eliminates the need for catalyst recovery, offering strong potential for practical water purification via advanced oxidation processes.","PeriodicalId":271,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Science","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143910707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the transformation relationships and key parameters influencing explosion characteristics","authors":"Qiang Guo ,&nbsp;Jie Liu ,&nbsp;Wenkai Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2025.121768","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ces.2025.121768","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The auto-ignition delay times (IDT) and explosion limits (EL) are two important parameters describing the chemical reactivity of fuels, but their relationship has not been clearly revealed. The IDT and EL curves for a specific fuel only contain three parameters: residence (or ignition) time, pressure, and temperature, so their relationship can be revealed through these parameters. Specifically, the explosion limit curve can be obtained by collecting the intersection <em>P</em>-<em>T</em> state of the constant ignition time line with the ignition delay curves under different pressures on the IDT diagram—and vice versa. The ignition delay curves of H₂, methane, ethane, and propane with flattened Z-shaped, approximate linear shape, ZTC (zero temperature coefficient), and NTC (negative temperature coefficient) responses are successfully converted to explosion limit curves with typical Z-shaped, approximate linear shape, ZTC, and NTC responses using this conversion method, respectively. Furthermore, as the equivalency ratio rises, the IDT and EL curves of H₂ rotate counterclockwise around an anchor point, as the first and third explosion limits of H₂-O₂ are influenced by the concentration of O₂ and H₂, respectively. For the C₃H₈-O₂ mixture, a higher equivalence ratio enhances fuel-involved reactions, resulting in a shift of the IDT and EL curves toward lower IDTs and lower pressure regimes. Moreover, the addition of N₂ lowers fuel and O₂ concentrations, reducing overall reactivity. The proposed transformation relationship between IDT and EL curves exhibits universality across fuels, enabling direct derivation of pressure–temperature EL data from IDT diagrams and vice versa.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":271,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Science","volume":"314 ","pages":"Article 121768"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143910709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}